1,721,040 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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Method of deducing genotypes using curated and uncurated SNP data
Full text linkTree fruit breeders, collection curators, and other germplasm users require genetic information to effectively manage their material. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) arrays have become the preferred platform to efficiently provide genome-wide genetic information for elite germplasm and could also provide information at specific positions in the genome ("loci") such as those associated with valuable traits. However, genotypic information for loci of interest across the genome is not yet readily extracted from SNP array data. This study aimed to establish a method for associating available SNP array data with the alleles of any locus of interest. The objective of the first experiment was to establish the method for any locus, extrapolating reference information for only a few cultivars from previous genetic studies to a large germplasm set. Using apple 8K SNP array data and sweet cherry 6K SNP array data, unique SNP allele patterns (haplotypes) spanning target loci were identified and allocated to specific alleles reported for important breeding parents and their ancestors. These haplotypes were then compared to those of other cultivars and selections important to U.S. apple and cherry breeding programs to deduce locus alleles in this new test germplasm. At least one allele was deduced for 64% to 93% of test cultivars. The objective of the second study was to demonstrate applicability of the method for several reported fruit quality trait loci of apple. Unambiguous haplotypes were able to be associated with each allele for these loci. For trait all loci, at least one allele was deduced for 86% of 121 cultivars. The objective of the third study was to demonstrate applicability of method using unphased SNP data. Allele deduction was successful for 58% to 98% of the individuals, depending on the locus. The method established and information obtained from this study can be used by germplasm users to reveal alleles carried by their germplasm and can also be applied to other loci of other crops that have SNP arrays developed
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Reconstructing the pedigree of Toyama sweet cherry germplasm
Full text linkSweet cherry has been commonly grown and bred. Dr. Thomas Toyama conducted the Washington State University (WSU) Sweet Cherry Breeding Program for 20 years. Eleven commercial cultivars, 'Chelan', 'Index' 'Cashmere', 'Glacier', 'Olympus' 'Simcoe' 'Tieton', 'Benton', 'Selah', 'Kiona', and 'Cowiche', were subsequently released from this program. These cultivars and 30 extant selections are maintained currently in the WSU Roza research orchard in Prosser, WA. The origins of Toyama germplasm have not been systematically determined. The genetic history of Toyama germplasm was characterized and summarized here using Dr. Toyama's hand-written crossing records and other available pedigree information. Dr. Toyama utilized 76 parents from various geographical origins to create 212 families and 5201 germinated seeds formed from more than 90,000 pollinated flowers. Dr. Toyama commonly used parent 'Stella', and 'Napoleon' was determined to be the most commonly involved ancestor. However, the historical parentage records of Dr. Toyama's germplasm needed further investigation, as some of the recorded parentages in Toyama's breeding records book might not be correct, some parentage information was missing, and the origin of some parents was unclear. Using SNP array data for 1617 SNP markers, parentage or grandparentage was verified or deduced for most of the extant selected germplasm. The fathers of one cultivar and three selections were corrected. The results indicated that Dr. Thomas Toyama used a considerably diverse germplasm base in crossing. Complementary allelic combinations resulting from 'Stella' crossed with the French cultivars 'Early Burlat' and Moreau' might hold particular value for PNW production by imparting attributes such as self-fertility, early-season fruiting, and powdery mildew resistance. For the interesting powdery mildew-resistant selection PMR-1, PC 6658-1 or 2 ('Lambert' × 'Ebony') was determined to be the likely mother, and PC 7146-x ('Stella' × 'Moreau') was the likely father, as SNP array genotypes for the proposed grandparents completely matched PMR-1 across each of its eight phased chromosomes. 'Moreau' was determined to be the genetic source of PMR-1's powdery mildew resistance. Future studies could investigate other chromosomal segments from the parents and ancestors of Toyama's cultivars and selections that positively contribute to key horticultural traits, to further inform breeding decisions
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Ultra-high-throughput DArTseq-based silicoDArT and SNP markers for genomic studies in macadamia
Full text linkMacadamia (Macadamia integrifolia, M. tetraphylla and hybrids) is an Australian native nut crop and has a significant economic value in the food industries worldwide. Long juvenility along with traditional breeding strategies impede quick genetic improvement of this crop. The existing cultivars constitute only second to fourth generation of the wild germplasm in the rainforest. The utilisation of molecular markers for genomic selection and genome-wide association studies may accelerate genetic gains. Identification of a robust, reproducible, and cost-effective marker system is instrumental in increasing the efficiency of genomic studies. This study is the first to report the potential of two ultra-high-throughput diversity array technology (DArT) markers (silicoDArT and SNP) in macadamia. Both markers were used to identify the genetic diversity and population structure in 80 macadamia cultivars. Parentage analysis of 25 scions in a rootstock trial was conducted to confirm plant identity where recorded identities did not corroborate with phenotypic field observations. A total of 22,280 silicoDArT and 7,332 SNP markers were reported, of which 11,526 silicoDArT and 3,956 SNP markers were used for analyses after screening with quality control parameters including >95% call rate, >95% reproducibility, and >0.05 one ratio. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) values of silicoDArT and SNP markers were 0.29 and 0.21, respectively. Genetic variance among the cultivars ranged from 0.003 to 0.738 in silicoDArT and 0.004 to 0.412 in SNP markers. Four distinct population groups were identified from SNP data analysis. Most of the accessions used in this study were descended from two or more populations. Cluster analysis clearly separated genotypes of distinct origins, such as the Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station and Hidden Valley Plantation accessions. Two wild accessions of Macadamia jansenii and M. ternifolia were found to be distantly related to the cultivars. Wild germplasm individuals and their hybrids with cv. '660' formed separate clusters, suggesting that crossing between wild and cultivated genepools can extend genetic diversity. DArTseq-based SNP markers were successfully utilized to confirm the genetic identity of 25 scions in a rootstock trial. Our study suggests that DArT platforms are a robust system for the facilitation of genomic studies with regard to macadamia
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