1,720,958 research outputs found
Modelling of a Safety Instrumented System by a Biologically Inspired Modular Construct
Full text linkWe present an ongoing research aimed at investigating aspects of a modelling paradigm where system behaviour is modelled by biologically-inspired, concurrent and autonomous modules through a state based formalism. Such modules are named holons after the work of Arthur Koestler, since they are designed in order to host both the features of parts and wholes. Current modelling paradigms tend at emphasising the parts, but miss the notion of whole. A whole models the associative behaviour observed in the domain of interest, while the parts model the behaviour of a specific entity. Holons are aimed at filling the gap. Holons can act as parts by exhibiting the interface of the state behaviour. At the same time holons can act as wholes, by having the state machine behaviour annotated with actions and triggers which allow them to communicate with other holons, coordinating them and therefore modelling the related associative behaviour. In the paradigm, the two roles are tied together, the associative behaviour becoming recursively the behaviour of a single entity which can be composed into further wholes
Part-Whole Statecharts for the Explicit Representation of Compound Behaviours
No full textAlthough very effective, the adoption of Statecharts in object-oriented software development methods poses many problems, since their way to compose behavioral abstractions can be framed in the general context of implicit composition. In particular, the need to embed references from one behavioral description to other ones has mayor drawbacks since the description of a single entity behaviour is not self-contained, and the global behaviour results implicitly defined by following references from one entity to the other. In other words, both single and global behaviors are difficult to understand, modify and reuse. The paper proposes to overcome most of such problems by adopting Part-Whole Statecharts, whose primary policy for controlling complexity strictly enforces distinct layers for wholes and their parts. Since wholes may become parts of other aggregations, a recursive syntax and semantics can be given straightforwardly.Although very effective, the adoption of Statecharts in objectoriented software development methods poses many problems, since their way to compose behavioral abstractions can be framed in the general context of implicit composition. In particular, the need to embed references from one behavioral description to other ones has mayor drawbacks since the description of a single entity behaviour is not self-contained, and the global behaviour results implicitly defined by following references from one entity to the other. In other words, both single and global behaviors are difficult to understand, modify and reuse. The paper proposes to overcome most of such problems by adopting Part-Whole Statecharts, whose primary policy for controlling complexity strictly enforces distinct layers for wholes and their parts. Since wholes may become parts of other aggregations, a recursive syntax and semantics can be given straight for wardly
A state-based systemic view of behaviour for safe medical computer applications
No full textThe paper addresses safety issues involved in making ad hoc interconnections among medical devices in order to assemble more complex medical systems. The main problem is that the systemic view may be easily concealed by nowadays behavioral modeling tools. Missing such a systemic view does not allow to have a precise view of what is being modeled: we propose instead to adopt novel methodological guidelines in developing assembled medical systems, basically by showing how a a clear and unambiguous semantics may be given for any state of the system being modeled, from specification to test phases. Such a state semantics may then be checked against safety axioms by simply visiting the state diagram without the need of resorting to model checking techniques.The paper addresses safety issues involved in making ad hoc interconnections among medical devices in order to assemble more complex medical systems. The main problem is that the systemic view may be easily concealed by nowadays behavioral modeling tools. Missing such a systemic view does not allow to have a precise view of what is being modeled: we propose instead to adopt novel methodological guidelines in developing assembled medical systems, basically by showing how a a clear and unambiguous semantics may be given for any state of the system being modeled, from specification to test phases. Such a state semantics may then be checked against safety axioms by simply visiting the state diagram without the need of resorting to model checking techniques. © 2008 IEEE
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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