8 research outputs found
Comparative Study on Nutritive Content of Finger Millet-Wheat Composite Bread Fermented With Lactic Acid Bacilli and Yeast
No full textComparative Study on Nutritive Content of Finger Millet-Wheat Composite Bread Fermented With Lactic Acid Bacilli and Yeast
No full textComparative Study on Cultivation of Oyster Mushrooms using Nutrition Enhancing Substrates
No full textMushrooms are heterotrophic organisms which require external nutritive substrates for their growth. This study compares the efficiency of different substrates (agricultural wastes such as oil cakes, bagasse, hay, saw dust, banana leaves etc.) on growth, yield and nutritional composition of oyster mushroom-Pleurotus ostreatus. Of the 14 different substrate combinations tried in this study, only 5 combinations successfully fruited with oyster mushrooms. The test substrates Hay (H), Sawdust (S), Hay + Banana leaves (H+BL, 1:1), Sawdust + Banana leaves (S+BL, 1:1), Hay + Sawdust + Banana leaves (H+S+BL, 1:1:1) gave good yield. Supplementation with banana leaves enhanced the yield of oyster mushrooms and protein content to a great extent. Protein content in oyster mushrooms from (H+S+BL) substrate was found to be 6.09g/100g, which was significant and considerably higher compared to other test substrates. There was also significant difference in the cropping period of mushrooms produced from 5 successful test substrates, ranging from a minimum of 26 days (H+BL) to a maximum of 46 days (H). Total yield produced by (S) and (H+S+BL) was higher than other substrates. The present study demonstrates that banana leaves are also efficient as a substrate along with conventional hay and sawdust. Apart from comparing various substrates on their efficiency, this study also has shown that available agricultural residues can be efficiently used for oyster mushroom cultivation as a cost effective and ecofriendly alternative. This study has demonstrated that minimum alternate substrate inputs can give high quality and good yield of oyster mushrooms.
 
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF CHITOSAN-MEDIATED SILVER NANOCOMPOSITE USING PIPER BETEL STEM EXTRACT: EVALUATING ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY
No full textObjective: The integration of herb-based nanomedicine has gained significant attention, aiming to improve therapeutic outcomes while minimizing drug toxicity. Piper betel is a medicinal herb widely used in traditional therapy due to its potent anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Methods: P. betel stem extract is used to synthesize chitosan-mediated silver nanocomposite (AgNC). Characterization was done using UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering with Zeta potential, and FESEM with energy dispersive X-ray. Its antibacterial activity was evaluated in Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, as well as antioxidant diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and anti-inflammatory assays (egg albumin and bovine serum albumin) were performed. Further, its anticancer activity was evaluated in A549 and Henrietta Lacks (HeLa) cell lines.
Results: AgNC exhibited a sharp surface plasmon resonance peak at 450 nm. FTIR analysis revealed various peaks. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed a soft-fibrous sheet-like morphology. In antibacterial activity, a significant zone of inhibition was observed against P. aeruginosa and E. coli (16 mm). In addition, AgNC exhibited inhibition of free radicals and protein denaturation. In anticancer activity, it showed greater activity against A549 (66.7±5.9 μg/mL) than HeLa (85.7±7.8 μg/mL), and reduced cell migration within 48 h at 80 μg/mL in A549 cell lines.
Conclusion: These findings highlight AgNCs as the most promising candidates for biomedical applications, particularly for antibacterial and anticancer therapy. However, further investigations are required to elucidate the precise molecular mechanisms of therapeutic efficacies and modifications to enhance their anticancer activity
Unraveling the Genetic Basis of Combined Deafness and Male Infertility Phenotypes through High‐Throughput Sequencing in a Unique Cohort from South India
No full textAbstract The co‐occurrence of sensorineural hearing loss and male infertility has been reported in several instances, suggesting potential shared genetic underpinnings. One such example is the contiguous gene deletion of CATSPER2 and STRC genes, previously associated with deafness‐infertility syndrome (DIS) in males. Fifteen males with both hearing loss and infertility from southern India after exclusion for the DIS contiguous gene deletion and the FOXI1 gene mutations are subjected to exome sequencing. This resolves the genetic etiology in four probands for both the phenotypes; In the remaining 11 probands, two each conclusively accounted for deafness and male infertility etiologies. Genetic heterogeneity is well reflected in both phenotypes. Four recessive (TRIOBP, SLC26A4, GJB2, COL4A3) and one dominant (SOX10) for the deafness; six recessive genes (LRGUK, DNAH9, ARMC4, DNAH2, RSPH6A, and ACE) for male infertility can be conclusively ascribed. LRGUK and RSPH6A genes are implicated earlier only in mice models, while the ARMC4 gene is implicated in chronic destructive airway diseases due to primary ciliary dyskinesia. This study would be the first to document the role of these genes in the male infertility phenotype in humans. The result suggests that deafness and infertility are independent events and do not segregate together among the probands
Role of DFNB1 mutations in hereditary hearing loss among assortative mating hearing impaired families from South India
No full textAbstract Background DFNB1, the first locus to have been associated with deafness, has two major genes GJB2 & GJB6, whose mutations have played vital role in hearing impairment across many ethnicities in the world. In our present study we have focused on the role of these mutations in assortative mating hearing impaired families from south India. Methods One hundred and six assortatively mating hearing impaired (HI) families of south Indian origin comprising of two subsets: 60 deaf marrying deaf (DXD) families and 46 deaf marrying normal hearing (DXN) families were recruited for this study. In the 60 DXD families, 335 members comprising of 118 HI mates, 63 other HI members and 154 normal hearing members and in the 46 DXN families, 281 members comprising of 46 HI and their 43 normal hearing partners, 50 other HI members and 142 normal hearing family members, participated in the molecular study. One hundred and sixty five (165) healthy normal hearing volunteers were recruited as controls for this study. All the participating members were screened for variants in GJB2 and GJB6 genes and the outcome of gene mutations were compared in the subsequent generation in begetting deaf offspring. Results The DFNB1 allele frequencies for DXD mates and their offspring were 36.98 and 38.67%, respectively and for the DXN mates and their offspring were 22.84 and 24.38%, respectively. There was a 4.6% increase in the subsequent generation in the DXD families, while a 6.75% increase in the DXN families, which demonstrates the role of assortative mating along with consanguinity in the increase of DFNB1 mutations in consecutive generations. Four novel variants, p.E42D (in GJB2 gene), p.Q57R, p.E101Q, p.R104H (in GJB6 gene) were also identified in this study. Conclusion This is the first study from an Indian subcontinent reporting novel variants in the coding region of GJB6 gene. This is perhaps the first study in the world to test real-time, the hypothesis proposed by Nance et al. in 2000 (intense phenotypic assortative mating mechanism can double the frequency of the commonest forms of recessive deafness [DFNB1]) in assortative mating HI parental generation and their offspring
