91 research outputs found
Relazioni tra una multifunzione e la sua frontiera
No full textDenote by "frF" the multivalued mapping defined as the boundary of F. In the paper, in the setting T topological space and X is a topological linear space, the author studies the connection existing between the lower [respectively, upper] semicontinuity of the multivalued mapping F, and the lower [respectively, upper] semicontinuity of "frF". This paper can be seen as an extension of a previous work by the author and F. Papalini
Gabapentin treatment for muscle cramps: An open-label trial
No full textTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of gabapentin in the treatment of muscle cramps, we engaged an open-label trial with a group of 30 patients with frequent (>5 cramps/week), stable, long-lasting cramps, associated with different diseases. Gabapentin was effective in reducing the frequency and severity of muscle cramps and associated sleep disturbances (clinical outcome measures) within the first 2 weeks of medication at 600 mg/d. At the 1 month control (mean dosage, 825 +/- 35 mg), almost every patient had responded to treatment and two thirds experienced a total remission of symptoms. After 3 months of therapy (mean dosage, 892 +/- 180 mg), cramps disappeared in 100% of patients and this benefit persisted as long as 6 months. Additionally, we evaluated in 10 patients the Cramps Threshold Frequency (CTF) (neurophysiological outcome measure) before and during gabapentin treatment. Gabapentin significantly increased the CTF, returning it to normal values. With the limitation of an open-label methodology, our clinical and neurophysiologic experience suggests that a gabapentin dose of 600-1200 mg/d would be helpful in the treatment of muscular cramps
Emerging Issues in Sales Management. New perspectives to research on sales studies
No full textSales have been the subject of academic studies since the second half of the twentieth century but they were still held to be non strategic and marginal, as reflected by the scarce amount of academic works published on the matter. This has marked a gap between scholars and operational practices. Only in the last decade, as new marketing researches and theoretical models were added, has academics’ interest towards sales management arisen. It is relevant to debate on what emerges from the work of some academics who underline the urgency to address more research from scholars on sales and, at the same time, to consider the growing needs of companies, so as to fill the gap between academic and corporate realities. In this book the author, with different approaches to theoretical analysis, intends to address and explore the many trends that emerge from the academic literature on sales management
Analysis of the chaotic behavior of the lower hybrid wave propagation in magnetised plasma by Hamiltonian theory
No full textlicensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.The Hamiltonian character of the ray tracing equations describing the propagation of the Lower Hybrid Wave (LHW) in a magnetic confined plasma device (tokamak) is investigated in order to study the evolution of the parallel wave number along the propagation path. The chaotic diffusion of the “time-averaged” parallel wave number at higher values (with respect to that launched by the antenna at the plasma edge) has been evaluated, in order to find an explanation of the filling of the spectral gap (Fisch, 1987) by “Hamiltonian chaos” in the Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD) experiments (Fisch, 1978). The present work shows that the increase of the parallel wave number n‖ due to toroidal effects, in the case of the typical plasma parameters of the Frascati Tokamak Upgrade (FTU) experiment, is insufficient to explain the filling of the spectral gap, and the consequent current drive and another mechanism must come into play to justify the wave absorption by Landau damping. Analytical calculations have been supplemented by a numerical algorithm based on the symplectic integration of the ray equations implemented in a ray tracing code, in order to preserve exactly the symplectic character of a Hamiltonian flow. © 2016 by the author
Il ruolo dei Cardinali nella Costituzione Apostolica Pastor Bonus sulla Curia Romana
No full textContributo sottoposto a valutazioneSOMMARIO: 1. Premessa – 2. I Cardinali nelle Congregazioni Romane – 3. Le “Riunioni di Cardinali” nella Curia Romana – 3.1 Il rapporto tra i Concistori e la Curia Romana – 3.2 Le Riunioni Interdicasteriali – 3.3 Il Consiglio di Cardinali per lo studio dei problemi organizzativi ed economici della Santa Sede – 4. Il Cardinale Segretario di Stato – 5. I Cardinali nei Pontifici Consigli e negli Uffici della Curia Romana – 6. I Cardinali nei Tribunali – 7. Conclusione.ABSTRACT: The role of the Cardinals in the Apostolic Constitution Pastor Bonus on the Roman CuriaThe Cardinals are the main collaborators of the Roman Pontiff in governing the universal Church. This collaboration takes place both at the collegiate level in consistories and individually within the Roman Curia. The Apostolic ConstitutionPastor Bonus promulgated in 1988 by St. John Paul II devotes ample space to the service offered by the Cardinals in the departments. The author of this article will attempt to analyze the tasks entrusted to the Cardinals in the various Dicasteri, in particular at Congregations and the Secretariat of State, and pointing out the differences with the previous discipline of Regimini Ecclesiae Universae. Special attention will be devoted to the activity of coordination curial left to the Meeting of Cardinals and finally the relationship and discipline posed by Pastor Bonus to the relationship between the Roman Curia and the Consistories
Trigemino-cervical-spinal reflexes in humans
No full textINTRODUCTION: Electrical stimulation of the supraorbital nerve (SON) induces late reflex responses in the neck muscles; these responses are hypothesised to be polysynaptic reflexes participating in a defensive withdrawal retraction of the head from facial nociceptive stimuli. Such responses may extend to the proximal muscle of the arms. OBJECTIVE: (1) to investigate reflexes in the upper limb muscles (trigemino-spinal responses, TSR) and their relationship with trigemino-cervical responses (TCR); and (2) to identify the nociceptive component of such reflexes and their functional significance. METHODS: Reflex responses were registered from the semispinalis capitis and biceps brachii muscles after electrical stimulation of the SON in 12 healthy subjects. The sensory (ST), painful (PT) and reflex thresholds, the latency and area of the responses, the effect of heterotopic painful stimulation (HTP), the recovery cycle as well as the effect of the expected and unexpected stimuli were measured. RESULTS: Stable reproducible TCR and TSR responses were identified at 2.5+/-0.4 x ST, which corresponded exactly to the PT in all the subjects. The TCR and TSR areas were markedly reduced after HTP. The recovery cycle of the TSR area was faster than that of the TCR. Repeated rhythmic stimulation failed to induce progressive reflex suppression. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the nociceptive nature of the TCR and indicate that the biceps brachii response (TSR) has the same nocifensive significance as the posterior neck muscle responses. TCR and TSR are mediated different polysynaptic pathways The presence of trigemino-cervical-spinal responses in our study clearly indicates that there is a reflex interaction between nociceptive trigeminal afferents and both upper and lower cervical spinal cord motoneurons
The Mixed WKB-Full-Wave Approach and its Application to Lower Hybrid Wave Propagation and Absorption
No full textThe mixed WKB-full-wave approach for calculating the 2D mode structure in tokamak plasmas is further developed based on our previous work [A. Cardinali et al., Phys. Plasmas 10, 4199 (2003) and Z. X. Lu et al., Phys. Plasmas, 19, 042104 (2012)]. A new scheme for theoretical analysis and numerical implementation of the mixed WKB-full-wave approach is formulated, based on scale separation and asymptotic analysis, to investigate lower hybrid wave (LHW) propagation and absorption. As a novel method, its comparison with other approaches is discussed. Its application to LHW propagation in concentric circular tokamak plasmas using typical FTU discharge parameters, is also demonstrated.Physics, AppliedPhysics, Fluids & PlasmasEICPCI-S(ISTP)
The mixed Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin-full-wave approach and its application to lower hybrid wave propagation and absorption
No full textThe mixed Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB)-full-wave approach for the calculation of the 2D mode structure in tokamak plasmas is further developed based on our previous work [A. Cardinali and F. Zonca, Phys. Plasmas 10, 4199 (2003) and Z. X. Lu et al., Phys. Plasmas 19, 042104 (2012)]. A new scheme for theoretical analysis and numerical implementation of the mixed WKB-full-wave approach is formulated, based on scale separation and asymptotic analysis. Besides its capability to efficiently investigate the initial value problem for 2D mode structures and linear stability, in this work, the mixed WKB-full-wave approach is extended to the investigation of radio frequency wave propagation and absorption, e. g., lower hybrid waves. As a novel method, its comparison with other approaches, e.g., WKB and beam tracing methods, is discussed. Its application to lower hybrid wave propagation in concentric circular tokamak plasmas using typical FTU discharge parameters is also demonstrated. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4798408]http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000317295200016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Physics, Fluids & PlasmasSCI(E)EI8ARTICLE3null2
Soranzo, Vittore
No full textVittore Soranzo (primo 500-1558) fu un patrizio veneziano di notevole cultura letteraria, entrato nella corte pontifica all’inizio degli anni ’30 sotto la protezione del cardinale Pietro Bembo, che gli affidò nel 1544 la coadiutoria del suo vescovato di Bergamo, di cui divenne vescovo tre anni dopo. La voce biografica si propone di inserire la carriera ecclesiastica del Soranzo all’interno delle prospettive di carriera e professionali che si aprivano a un patrizio veneziano dotato di una buona formazione umanistico-letteraria, ma di modeste risorse economiche. La voce passa poi a esaminare il ruolo del Soranzo nella storia della Riforma in Italia. Fin dall’inizio degli anni ’40 Soranzo si era avvicinato al gruppo degli “spirituali”, ispirati dalla predicazione di Juan de Valdés, tra cui figurarono personalità eminenti come i cardinali Pole e Morone, il letterato Marcantonio Flaminio e le nobildonne Vittoria Colonna e Giulia Gonzaga. L’Inquisizione, però, vigilava sul Soranzo, che aveva cercato di introdurre nella sua diocesi una prassi pastorale ispirata ai principi della Riforma. Il Soranzo fu oggetto di due processi inquisitoriali romani, nel 1551 e nel 1557, e morì a Venezia, nel 1558 all’indomani della sua condanna definitiva
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