1,721,096 research outputs found
Effect of sub-lethal High Pressure Homogenization treatments on the functional and biological properties of probiotic bacteria
No full textThe aim of this work was to assess if a sub-lethal high pressure homogenization (HPH) treatment could modulate in vitro functional and biological properties of probiotic bacteria. Lactobacillus paracasei A13, Lactobacillus acidophilus 08 and Dru, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis 200 and bile-resistant derivatives L. acidophilus Druþ and L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis 200þ were suspended in phosphate buffered saline solution and treated at 50 MPa. Data obtained showed that HPH can modulate hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation without modification of viability and decarboxylase activity. Resistance to simulated gastric conditions resulted strain-dependent. High resistance was observed for treated L. paracasei A13, L. acidophilus Dru and 08 and L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis 200. The HPH-treatment reduced the resistance to simulated stomach duodenum-passage of L. acidophilus Dru while increased it for L. paracasei A13. Strain viability and resistance to simulated gastric conditions were evaluated treating at 50 MPa cells suspended in acidified buttermilk (pH 4.6) and stored at 4 C for 30 days. The highest cell viability loss, after 30 d of refrigerated storage, was observed for L. acidophilus Dru, independently of the application of HPH. However, after 30 days of storage, the resistance of L. paracasei A13 to simulated gastric digestion significantly increased in HPH treated cells.Fil: Tabanelli, G.. Interdipartimental Center of Industrial Research (CIRI Agroalimentare); ItaliaFil: Patrignani, F.. Universidad de Bologna; ItaliaFil: Vinderola, Celso Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Lactología Industrial. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Lactología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Reinheimer, Jorge Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Lactología Industrial. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Lactología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Gardini, F.. Universidad de Bologna; ItaliaFil: Lanciotti, R.. Universidad de Bologna; Itali
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Impiego di sostanze di aroma di origine vegetale per il miglioramento della qualità microbiologica dei prodotti alimentari
No full textNSLAB development during ripening of caciotta cheeses obtained from raw, high pressure homogenized and pasteurized milk
No full textValorization of citrus processing by-products as a potential prebiotic ingredient and creamy products
No full textCitrus cultivation is one of the most important agricultural sectors in the world and the main uses of these products are the market of fresh produce and the production of juices, pulps, purees, jams and ready-to-eat salads. The citrus processing by-product mainly contains water and many compounds which can have remarkable biological properties, and can therefore be considered as a source of high.value substances, a source of fiber and antioxidant
Recovery and valorization of agri-food wastes and by-products using the non-conventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica
Full text linkBackground: Yarrowia lipolytica is one of the most studied “non-conventional” yeasts. Due to its intrinsic biological characteristics and variability, the potential applications of wild type isolates in the agri-food sector are broad (production of biomasses, enzymes, and metabolites). By-products generated by the food industry are rising environmental and economic concerns worldwide. These side streams have different compositions and stability. However, they can still be applied as substrates for microbial growth. Scope and approach: The fitness of wild type strains to adverse and different environments can be exploited not only for food production but also for recovery and valorization of agri-food wastes and by-products. This review brings together a selection of the most relevant and recent data about the physiology, nutritional requirements, and metabolites produced by wild type isolates of Y. lipolytica. Moreover, the principal agri-food side streams, their specific productions and valorization using wild type strains have been critically discussed. Key finding and conclusions: Critical aspects of side streams and by-products can be solved (e.g. reduction of COD and pollutants before discharging), novel ingredients can be generated (e.g. lipases, single cell oils and citric acid) and, eventually, yeast biomasses can be produced for further applications (food adjuncts or supplements). Selecting and characterizing wild type isolates able to consume or convert or valorize the different waste/by-product components into added value products is extremely important in the view of a sustainable process and sustainable economy
Combined use of natural antimicrobial based nanoemulsions and ultra high pressure homogenization to increase safety and shelf-life of apple juice
Full text linkThe present research was aimed to investigate the potentialities of ultra high pressure homogenization (UHPH) to produce stable natural antimicrobial based nanoemulsions. Initially, the nanoemulsions were characterized for their size, stability over time and antimicrobial properties against several pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. After that nanoemulsions were tested to increase the safety and shelf-life of apple juice deliberately inoculated with pathogenic (Listeria monocytogenes Scott A, Staph. aureus SR231, Escherichia coli 555) and spoilage microorganisms (Saccharomyces cerevisiae SPA, Lactobacillus plantarum 82) and treated with different high pressure homogenization treatments. The analyses performed by dynamic laser light scattering showed that the hexanal and trans-2-hexenal based nanoemulsions were characterized by an average size of 86 and 100 nm, respectively while they were characterized by a stability, over time, of 14 months without separation. Moreover, the nanoemulsions resulted, after the UHPH treatment, colourless. The pathogenic species deliberately inoculated in apple juice decreased their cell loads with different kinetics in relation to the use of hexanal and trans-2-hexenal and high pressure homogenization treatment applied. Regarding spoilage microorganisms, S. cerevisiae cell loads decreased under detection limit (1 log CFU/mL) in juice containing nanoemulsions and treated at 200 MPa for 2 cycles. The data of the present research contribute to support the application of natural antimicrobial based nanoemulsions into complex food system, enlarging the experimental evidence for their use in food sector. In particular, the obtained hexanal and tran-2-hexenal based nanoemulsions have demonstrated great application, due also to their organoleptic compatibility, to the fruit juice sector, promoting also an increase of quality of apple juice
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