74 research outputs found
Sleep after practice reduces the attentional blink
No full textCellini, N.*, Goodbourn, P.T.*, McDevitt, E.A., Martini, P., Holcombe, A.O., & Mednick, S.C. (2015). Sleep after practice reduces the attentional blink. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics. doi:10.3758/s13414-015-0912-
Sleep after practice reduces the attentional blink
No full textCellini, N.*, Goodbourn, P.T.*, McDevitt, E.A., Martini, P., Holcombe, A.O., & Mednick, S.C. (2015). Sleep after practice reduces the attentional blink. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics. doi:10.3758/s13414-015-0912-
Fast ‘purely temporal’ segmentation relies on second-order motion
No full textOpen data for Bush and Goodbourn, "Spatial limitations suggest that fast ‘purely temporal’ visual segmentation relies on local second-order motion cues.
Sleep modulates temporal attention
No full textThe ability to allocate attentional resources in time is limited. In the attentional blink (AB) phenomenon, detection of the second of two targets that appear in close temporal succession is impaired (Martens & Wyble, 2010). Previous research suggests that the AB is reduced after days of practice (Maki & Padmanabhan, 1994), but not after four consecutive blocks within one session (Taatgen et al., 2009). Here we investigate the role of sleep in modulating practice-dependent changes in the AB. We used a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) display comprising a stream of 26 English letters presented at 12 items/s. Two of the letters were targets cued by an annulus, and the number of items between the first target (T1) and second target (T2) was varied to yield a lag of 2, 5 or 10 items. Participants reported which two letters they thought were cued, and no feedback was provided. Participants completed four sessions of the task at 9am, 12pm, 3pm and 5pm. At 1pm, half the participants took a polysomnographically-recorded nap for 60-90min, while the other participants went about their normal daytime activities. We observed increased T2 accuracy across sessions only within the nap group, and only for lag 2. The magnitude of improvement correlated positively with proportion of light stage two sleep, and negatively with proportion of deeper slow-wave sleep. We estimated the efficacy (probability of reporting a T2-relevant item), latency and precision of attentional selection using a mixture model that considered the serial position of non-target items mistakenly reported as T2. These analyses indicated that the improvement observed in the nap group was due to increased efficacy, with no change in latency or temporal precision. Our results suggest that sleep, particularly stage two sleep, improves temporal attention
Sleep after practice reduces the attentional blink
No full textThe attentional blink (AB) is an impairment in detecting the second of two targets that appear in close temporal succession. We investigated the effect of practice and a nap on the magnitude of the AB deficit. We found evidence that sleep boosts practice-dependent reduction of the AB. Participants reported two target letters embedded in a rapid serial visual presentation display. After two morning sessions, half the participants took a polysomnographically recorded nap, while the others remained awake. Comparing two afternoon sessions to the two morning sessions, we observed a decreased AB only within the group who napped. The improvement was due to increased efficacy of the attentional selection of T2 (the probability of reporting a T2-relevant item). There was no change in selection's latency or temporal precision. The magnitude of improvement was positively associated with the duration of N2 sleep and the number of N2 sleep spindles. Our results suggest that sleep, particularly N2 sleep and sleep spindles, improves attentional selection in time
Reconsidering Temporal Selection in the Attentional Blink
No full textOpen data and materials for the study "Reconsidering Temporal Selection in the Attentional Blink" by Goodbourn, et al
Does sadness impair color perception? Flawed evidence and faulty methods
No full textHolcombe AO, Brown NJL, Goodbourn PT, Etz A, Geukes S. Does sadness impair color perception? Flawed evidence and faulty methods. F1000Research. 2016;5: 1778
Holcombe Nguyen Goodbourn (in press). Implied reading direction and prioritization of letter encoding. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
No full textCapacity limits hinder processing of multiple stimuli, contributing to poorer performance for identifying two briefly presented letters than for identifying a single letter. Higher accuracy is typically found for identifying the letter on the left, which has been attributed to a right-hemisphere dominance for selective attention. Here we use rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of letters in two locations at once. The letters to be identified are simultaneous and cued by rings. In a first experiment, we manipulated implied reading direction by rotating or mirror-reversing the letters to face to the left rather than to the right. The left-side performance advantage was eliminated. In a second experiment, letters were positioned above and below fixation, oriented such that they appeared to face downwards (90° clockwise rotation) or upwards (90° counter-clockwise rotation). Again consistent with an effect of implied reading direction, performance was better for the top position in the downwards condition, but not in the upwards condition. In both experiments, mixture modeling of participants’ report errors revealed that attentional sampling from the two locations was approximately simultaneous, ruling out the theory that the letter on one side was processed first, followed by a shift of attention to sample the other letter. Thus, the orientation of the letters apparently controls not when the letters are sampled from the scene, but rather the dynamics of a subsequent process, such as tokenization or memory consolidation. Implied reading direction appears to determine the letter prioritized at a high-level processing bottleneck
Holcombe Nguyen Goodbourn (in press). Implied reading direction and prioritization of letter encoding. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
No full textCapacity limits hinder processing of multiple stimuli, contributing to poorer performance for identifying two briefly presented letters than for identifying a single letter. Higher accuracy is typically found for identifying the letter on the left, which has been attributed to a right-hemisphere dominance for selective attention. Here we use rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of letters in two locations at once. The letters to be identified are simultaneous and cued by rings. In a first experiment, we manipulated implied reading direction by rotating or mirror-reversing the letters to face to the left rather than to the right. The left-side performance advantage was eliminated. In a second experiment, letters were positioned above and below fixation, oriented such that they appeared to face downwards (90° clockwise rotation) or upwards (90° counter-clockwise rotation). Again consistent with an effect of implied reading direction, performance was better for the top position in the downwards condition, but not in the upwards condition. In both experiments, mixture modeling of participants’ report errors revealed that attentional sampling from the two locations was approximately simultaneous, ruling out the theory that the letter on one side was processed first, followed by a shift of attention to sample the other letter. Thus, the orientation of the letters apparently controls not when the letters are sampled from the scene, but rather the dynamics of a subsequent process, such as tokenization or memory consolidation. Implied reading direction appears to determine the letter prioritized at a high-level processing bottleneck
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