47 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-asj-10.1177_00016993231224223 - Supplemental material for The unequal conversion of intended redistribution into factual redistribution in Europe and its impact on social inequalities between families
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-asj-10.1177_00016993231224223 for The unequal conversion of intended redistribution into factual redistribution in Europe and its impact on social inequalities between families by Patricia Frericks and Julia Höppner in Acta Sociologica</p
First Aid Demonstration at Naples Elementary
No full textFirst Aid Demonstration was taught to students at the Naples Elementary. The patient is Patricia Waters, those attending to the patient are Janice Harrison, Verda Harrison, Janeen Cook, Cynthis Frericks, Marlene Wardle, and Annette Merrell
“Machinery” or “spirit” of the welfare state: institutional change as institutional inertia
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Purpose
Much has been said about institutional change and the forms it can take, whether it is abrupt or incremental, path breaking or path dependent. This strand of research is highly relevant in times of welfare institutional reforms and changes. A puzzle, however, remains, and it concerns the empirical phenomena that there might be institutional inertia despite seeming change. One reason for this remaining puzzle is, as argued here, that the ongoing theoretical reflections have a certain blind spot: “institutional constellations” and their characteristics. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to analyse the “layering” of a welfare institution which results in an institutional constellation.
Design/methodology/approach
Such newly established institutional constellations, though they look roughly similar and are formed of comparable ingredients, can differ profoundly between themselves. This could be due to the fact that the characteristics of institutions depend on the regulating principles (the “spirit”) implemented in them. To validate this hypothesis, the author analyses in depth the institutional layering in two traditionally different social protection systems: the Dutch and the German pension systems.
Findings
In both cases, as the author shows, the traditional regulating principles are also implemented in the newly established institutional constellation, so that in the end pension systems do not change but differ as they did before.
Originality/value
The empirical phenomenon of institutional inertia despite seeming change has not yet been explicitly addressed. This is the case since the ongoing theoretical reflections have a certain blind spot: “institutional constellations” and their characteristics which are the focus of this paper.
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Angemessene und nachhaltige Renten für alle?: Die geschlechtsspezifische Wirkung des deutschen Rentensystems
Get PDFAll across the world, pension systems are undergoing considerable change. Public pension systems have been reformed and parts of the formerly public social provision have been shifted to market based provisions. The normative pretensions of European welfare states, however, remain unchanged aiming at poverty prevention and "adequate and sustainable pensions for all" (EC-Report 2006). Current pension reforms, thereby, aim at enabling future pensioners to build up "adequate pensions" by combining public and market-related pensions. Comparative empirical studies have shown, however, that huge parts of the future pensioners will not be able to comply with this combined pension design, while pension systems strongly differ in their capacity to realise adequate and sustainable pensions. Aim of this contribution is to elaborate on Germany's current design of pension regulations and to analyse in how far it enables also women to build up so-called adequate entitlements for their old-age. Rentensysteme befinden sich derzeit in einem umfassenden Veränderungsprozess. Öffentliche Regelungssysteme werden neu formiert und zum Teil durch marktbezogene Systeme ersetzt. Dabei bleiben die normativen Ansprüche europäischer Wohlfahrtsstaaten unverändert: Neben der Armutsvermeidung sollen "angemessene und nachhaltige Renten für alle" (EC-Report 2006) realisiert werden. Gegenwärtige Rentenreformen zielen darauf ab, zukünftigen Rentnern den Aufbau "angemessener Renten" durch eine Kombination von gesetzlichen und marktbezogenen Regelungssystemen zu ermöglichen. International vergleichende empirische Studien zeigen jedoch, dass eine große Mehrheit zukünftiger Rentner und Rentnerinnen diesen Rentensystemen nicht wird entsprechen können. Dabei unterscheiden sich Alterssicherungssysteme in ihrem Vermögen, Armutsvermeidung, angemessene Renten und Nachhaltigkeit zu verwirklichen. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, die Konzeption des aktuellen Rentensystems in Deutschland aufzuzeigen und dabei insbesondere der Frage nachzugehen, inwiefern es auch Frauen ermöglicht, sogenannte angemessene Rentenanwartschaften, die unter dem Begriff des "Eckrentners" bekannt sind, aufzubauen.Adequate pensions, gender, Germany, pension reforms
CAPITALIST WELFARE SOCIETIES' TRADE-OFF BETWEEN ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND SOCIAL SOLIDARITY
No full textDie Stärkung von Marktprinzipien in Rentensystemen: Neue Altersarmut in Deutschland und den Niederlanden?
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Women's Work and Pensions: What Is Good, What Is Best? Designing Gender-sensitive Arrangements - Edited by Bernd Marin and Eszter Zolyomi
No full textGender Equalising and Gender Neutral Policies and Their Pitfalls: A Typology of the Gender Dimensions of Social Policies
No full text The restructuring of modern capitalist welfare states is characterised by the tendency to individualise social protection. This article develops a simple and conceptually sound typology to analyse and classify these reforms and measures with regard to their effects on women's financial well-being. It distinguishes between policy measures that aim to improve women's financial situations, policies that reduce women's benefits and ‘gender neutral’ policies. For distinguishing between policies that have a positive or negative effect on women's (own) financial situation, I introduce three sets of criteria. The direct elimination of negative discriminatory constraints can work out positively for women. On the other hand, if the conditions that originally motivated the establishment of positive discrimination remain, the elimination of earlier forms of (positive) discrimination can bring unexpected hardship. Therefore, their abolition is often is phased in over quite long periods of time. Other policies that offer new opportunities may benefit certain specific groups of women. However, for a majority of women, they entail a proportional reduction in their entitlements. </jats:p
Family-provided long-term care and its coverage in European pension systems
Get PDFObjective: In this contribution, the question is raised in how far family care work is covered in the social rights of European welfare states, focussing on pension entitlements for family-provided long-term care. Background: Old-age pensions are the major redistributive system of present-day societies. Central to current discourses on pensions and their reforms is the relevance of work as paid employment for building up pension rights. Family care work is largely disregarded, although established welfare states broadly cover also this work form in their pension systems. Method: By applying the SCQual method, this article systematically quantifies current pension entitlements for family-provided long-term care in ten European countries, and their change. It reflects on the results by means of testing assumptions drawn from the most relevant research strands in the field and contributes to contextualising cross-national variation and change. Results: The results show that pension entitlements for family-provided long-term care are found in most of our study countries, and that all the assumptions deduced from the literature, with regard to both cross-national variation and change in entitlements, are refuted by the empirical findings. Conclusion: This study contributes to both the conceptual challenges of comparative welfare state research in general, and the concrete analysis of social rights entitlements. These are based not only on paid employment, but in most European countries also on family care work, as has been shown here. The conceptual differences and changes are fruitfully addressed in this contribution.Fragestellung: In diesem Beitrag wir die Frage beantwortet, inwiefern familiäre Pflegearbeit im europäischen Vergleich zu Sozialrechtsansprüchen führt. Hierzu werden Rentenanwartschaften analysiert, die aufgrund familiärer Pflegearbeit gewährt werden. Hintergrund: Altersrenten bilden das umfassendste Umverteilungssystem gegenwärtiger Gesellschaften. Im Zentrum gegenwärtiger Rentendiskurse steht die Relevanz von Arbeit als Erwerbsarbeit, um Rentenansprüchen aufzubauen. Familiäre Pflegearbeit ist größtenteils ausgeklammert, obwohl etablierte Wohlfahrtsstaaten auch für diese Form der Arbeit den Erwerb von zum Teil erheblichen Rentenansprüchen vorsehen. Methode: Unter Anwendung der SCQual-Methode quantifiziert dieser Beitrag für 10 europäische Länder systematisch gegenwärtige Rentenansprüche und ihre Veränderungen für familiäre Pflege. Um die internationalen Differenzen und die Veränderungen zu kontextualisieren, werden die Ergebnisse in Bezug zu Annahmen gesetzt, die von den bedeutsamsten Forschungssträngen auf dem Gebiet hergeleitet werden. Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die meisten der Untersuchungsländer Rentenansprüche für familiäre Pflege vorsehen, und dass alle theoretischen Annahmen, die auf dem Forschungsstand beruhen, von der Empirie widerlegt werden. Dies gilt sowohl für die erwarteten internationalen Differenzen in den pflegerelatierten Anwartschaften als auch für deren Veränderungen. Schlussfolgerung: Die Studie liefert einen wichtigen Beitrag sowohl für die generellen konzeptuellen Herausforderungen der vergleichenden Wohlfahrtsstaatsforschung als auch für die konkrete Analyse von Sozialrechtsansprüchen. Diese beruhen, wie diese Studie zeigt, bei Weitem nicht nur auf der Erwerbsarbeit, sondern in den meisten europäischen Ländern auch auf familiärer Pflegearbeit. Die konzeptuellen Differenzen und Veränderungen werden im Detail dargestellt
