1,721,007 research outputs found
5-ASA colonic mucosal concentrations resulting from different pharmaceutical formulations in ulcerative colitis
Full text linkAIM: To compare the mucosal concentrations of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) resulting from different pharmaceutical formulations and analyse the influence of inflammation on the mucosal concentrations. METHODS: The study included 130 inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients receiving 5-ASA as pH-dependent-release formulations (73 patients), time-dependent-release formulations (11 patients), or pro-drugs (18 patients). In addition, 28 patients were receiving topical treatment (2-4 g/d) with pH-dependent-release formulations. Endoscopic biopsies were obtained from the sigmoid region during the colonoscopy. The 5-ASA concentrations (ng/mg) were measured in tissue homogenates using high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The t test and Mann-Whitney test, when appropriate, were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Patients receiving pH-dependent-release formulations showed significantly higher mucosal concentrations of 5-ASA (51.75 ± 5.72 ng/mg) compared with patients receiving pro-drugs (33.35 ± 5.78 ng/mg, P = 0.01) or time-dependent-release formulations (38.24 ± 5.53 ng/mg, P = 0.04). Patients with endoscopic remission had significantly higher mucosal concentrations of 5-ASA than patients with active disease (60.14 ± 7.95 ng/mg vs 35.66 ± 5.68 ng/mg, P = 0.02). Similar results were obtained when we compared patients with the histological appearance of remission and patients with active histological inflammation (67.53 ± 9.22 ng/mg vs 35.53 ± 5.63 ng/mg, P < 0.001). Significantly higher mucosal concentrations of 5-ASA were detected in patients treated with both oral and topical treatments in combination compared with patients who received oral treatment with pH-dependent-release formulations alone (72.33 ± 11.23 ng/mg vs 51.75 ± 5.72 ng/mg, P = 0.03).
CONCLUSION: IBD patients showed significant variability in mucosal 5-ASA concentrations depending on the type of formulation, and the highest mean concentration has achieved using pH-dependent-release formulations
Inflammatory bowel disease therapies adversely affect fertility in men- A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textSexual functions are sometimes adversely affected by the therapeutic drugs delivered for treating IBD. Much attention has been focused on pregnancy/sexual issues in women. Relatively less attention has been poured in to address this issue in men. This systematic review assesses the drugs having potential detrimental effects on fertility in men
Concise review on clinical applications of conditioned medium derived from human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCS)
Full text linkIn recent years, mesenchymal stem cells have provoked much attentiveness in the field of regenerative medicine because of their differentiation potential and the capability to facilitate tissue repair via the emancipation of biologically active molecules. They have gained interest because of their distinctive curative properties. Mesenchymal stem cells are isolated from the Wharton’s jelly part of umbilical cord possessing higher proliferation capacity, immunomodulatory activity, plasticity, as well as self-renewal capacity than the mesenchymal stem cells from various origins, and it is considered to be the best resource for allogeneic transplantation. The isolated umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells are cultured in the Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium, and thereby it begins to release soluble factors into the medium during the period of culture which is termed as conditioned medium. This conditioned media has both differentiation capacity and therapeutic functions. Thus, it can be able to differentiate the cells into different lineages and the paracrine effect of these cells helps in replacement of the damaged cells. This medium may accord to optimization of diagnostic and prognostic systems as well as the generation of novel and targeted therapeutic perspectives
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Delineating the Role of Phytochemicals in Targeting Age-Related Cardiovascular Diseases Through the Lens of Network Medicine
No full textThe most significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease is, sadly, aging, which is an unavoidable aspect of life. There are still many open concerns regarding how the genetic processes governing aging in model species affect cardiovascular aging, even though countless studies in the cardiovascular area have taken into account both young and old humans. Similar to this, there isn’t much research that comprehensively evaluates how these longevity pathways affect cardiovascular health in the field of the molecular biology of aging. Thankfully, this chasm is starting to close, and these two fields are combining. We present an overview of some of the central genes involved in regulating longevity pathways, including insulin-like growth factor 1, AMP-activated protein kinase, forkhead transcription factors, sirtuins, and mammalian target of rapamycin, as well as their implications in cardiovascular health. In addition, we provide insight into network medicine-based approaches to identify additional genes connected with longevity genes within an interactome space that are involved in regulating the age-related cardiovascular signaling axes. In this context, we addressed many in vitro, in vivo, and human clinical trial studies to better appreciate how essential phytochemicals can be in the fight against age-related cardiovascular disorders.The most significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease is, sadly, aging, which is an unavoidable aspect of life. There are still many open concerns regarding how the genetic processes governing aging in model species affect cardiovascular aging, even though countless studies in the cardiovascular area have taken into account both young and old humans. Similar to this, there isn’t much research that comprehensively evaluates how these longevity pathways affect cardiovascular health in the field of the molecular biology of aging. Thankfully, this chasm is starting to close, and these two fields are combining. We present an overview of some of the central genes involved in regulating longevity pathways, including insulin-like growth factor 1, AMP-activated protein kinase, forkhead transcription factors, sirtuins, and mammalian target of rapamycin, as well as their implications in cardiovascular health. In addition, we provide insight into network medicine-based approaches to identify additional genes connected with longevity genes within an interactome space that are involved in regulating the age-related cardiovascular signaling axes. In this context, we addressed many in vitro, in vivo, and human clinical trial studies to better appreciate how essential phytochemicals can be in the fight against age-related cardiovascular disorders
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Beyond Physical Exercise: The Role of Nutrition, Gut Microbiota and Nutraceutical Supplementation in Reducing Age-related Sarcopenia
No full textSarcopenia, a commonly prevalent geriatric condition mainly characterized by progressive loss of the skeletal muscle mass that result in noticeable reduced muscle strength and quality. Most of the geriatric population of above 60 years of age are overweight leading to the accumulation of fat in the muscles resulting in abated muscle function. The increased loss of muscle mass is associated with high rates of disability, poor motility, frailty and mortality. The excessive degeneration of muscles is now also being observed in middle aged people. Therefore, geriatrics has recently started shifting towards the identification of early stages of the disability in order to expand the life span of the patient and reduce physical dependence. Recent findings have indicated that patients with increased physical activity are also affected by sarcopenia, therefore indicating the role of nutritional supplements to enhance muscle health which in turn helps to counteract sarcopenia. Various interventions with physical trainings haven't provided substantial improvements of this disorder thereby highlighting the crucial role of nutritional supplementation in enhancing muscle mass and strength. Nutritional supplementation has not only shown to enhance the positive effects of physical interventions but also have a profound impact on the gut microbiome that has come forward as a key regulator of muscle mass and function. This brief review throws light upon the efficiency of nutrients and nutraceutical supplementation by highlighting their ancillary effects in physical interventions as well as improving the gut microbiome status in sarcopenic adults thereby giving rise to a multimodal intervention for the treatment of sarcopenia
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