1,720,969 research outputs found
Supporting vPLC Networking over TSN with Kubernetes in Industry 4.0
Full text linkThe shift in the industrial ecosystem from closed and specialized technologies to the open and general-purpose vision of Industry 4.0 faces numerous challenges. The absence of viable solutions to replace Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), vital components in control infrastructures, with their virtual equivalent (vPLCs) embodies those difficulties. In this paper, we introduce a framework that aims at truly materializing the integration between Operational (OT) and Information Technologies (IT) by defining an open, general ecosystem around vPLCs. Previous work either could not meet the performance and determinism requirements of the OT or did so by sacrificing the generality of IT. Building on these experiences, our framework provides both flexibility and efficiency by clearly separating the data path for OT and IT communications. To do that, we integrate tools from both domains: techniques to ensure low network performance and variability (TSN), to ease portability (OPC-UA), and to enhance management and deployment (Kubernetes). Experiments on a real testbed show that vPLCs within our framework can meet strict performance requirements and yet provide the same flexibility as cloud-based applications
A layered middleware for ot/it convergence to empower industry 5.0 applications
Full text linkWe are still in the midst of Industry 4.0 (I4.0), with more manufacturing lines being labeled as smart thanks to the integration of advanced ICT in Cyber–Physical Systems (CPS). While I4.0 aims to provision cognitive CPS systems, the nascent Industry 5.0 (I5.0) era goes a step beyond, aiming to build cross-border, sustainable, and circular value chains benefiting society as a whole. An enabler of this vision is the integration of data and AI in the industrial decision-making process, which does not exhibit yet a coordination between the Operation and Information Technology domains (OT/IT). This work proposes an architectural approach and an accompanying software prototype addressing the OT/IT convergence problem. The approach is based on a two-layered middleware solution, where each layer aims to better serve the specific differentiated requirements of the OT and IT layers. The proposal is validated in a real testbed, employing actual machine data, showing the capacity of the components to gracefully scale and serve increasing data volumes
Enhancing the Performance of Industry 4.0 Scenarios via Serverless Processing at the Edge
No full textIndustry 4.0 aims to revolutionize and digitize the manufacturing sector by enabling and facilitating interoperability, solution agility, flexible (re)configuration of production chain(s) while, at the same time, reducing costs by exploiting real time data. These capabilities require to link the plant floor with data flows from/to the enterprise borders and include as core enabling technologies the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud, and edge computing key to move and execute parts of the business logic. The new capabilities might be leveraged in an innovative way, especially in the plant floor to dynamically change the monitoring/control logic of the smart machinery. In our reference scenario, the data flows originating from the plant floor can be processed and filtered locally, creating the basis for a selective Quality of Service (QoS) mechanism allowing for the implementation of reactive services, such as predictive maintenance. To that end, we propose an innovative serverless edge processing solution used for monitoring geo-distributed industrial plants. The proposal is validated in realistic settings, under different operational regimes, exhibiting acceptable performance trends under realistic periodic and variable traffic scenarios
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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