1,720,958 research outputs found
Underwater Bonding with a Bio-Based Adhesive from Tannic Acid and Zein Protein
No full textHere, we present several adhesive formulations made from zein protein and tannic acid that can bind to a wide range of surfaces underwater. Higher performance comes from using more tannic acid than zein, whereas dry bonding requires the opposite-more zein than tannic acid. Each adhesive works best in the environment for which it was designed and optimized. We show underwater adhesion experiments conducted on different substrates and in various water types, including seawater, saline solution, tap water, and deionized water. Surprisingly, the water type does not significantly influence performance, but the substrate type does. An additional unexpected result was the bond strength increasing over time when exposed to water, contradicting general observations with glues. Initial adhesion underwater was stronger compared to benchtop adhesion, suggesting that water helps improve adhesion. Temperature effects were examined, indicating maximum bonding at around 30 C, followed by another increase at higher temperatures. Once the adhesive was placed underwater, a protective skin formed on the surface, preventing water from immediately penetrating the rest of the material. The shape of the adhesive could be easily manipulated, and once in place, the skin could be broken to induce faster bond formation. Data indicated that underwater adhesion was predominantly induced by tannic acid, which facilitated cross-linking within the bulk material and adhesion to the substrate surfaces. The zein protein provided a less polar matrix, helping to retain the tannic acid molecules. These studies introduce new plant-based adhesives for underwater applications and contribute to creating a more sustainable environment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
One-Pot Solvent-Free Synthesis of Imine-Based Epoxidized Soybean Oil Vitrimers for Sustainable Adhesives
No full textThe traditional methods for synthesizing imine based epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) vitrimers often rely on organic solvents, leading to issues such as incomplete raw material conversion, increased production costs, and environmental concerns, contradicting the principles of green and sustainable chemistry. To overcome these challenges, we propose an innovative one-pot, solvent-free approach for synthesizing imine linked ESO vitrimers via a melt reaction utilizing ESO, vanillin, and diamines. In this system, three distinct reactions can occur: phenolic hydroxy-epoxy, amino-aldehyde, and amino-epoxy. Our findings indicate that the first two reactions occur more readily and rapidly than the third, facilitating the successful synthesis of the vitrimers. We employed three different diamines to tailor the chemical structure and control properties of the ESO vitrimers; aromatic diamines produced rigid vitrimers with high strength but low ductility, while aliphatic diamines yielded flexible vitrimers with lower strength but higher ductility. All vitrimers exhibited rapid high-temperature stress relaxation and excellent reprocess ability and thermal stability. Notably, these vitrimers demonstrated impressive adhesive properties, achieving lap shear strengths between 4.0 and 6.7MPa when applied to various substrates, including wood, steel ,and aluminum . Moreover, the dynamic mine bonds enable exceptional recyclability, removability, and reusability, with recycled ESO vitrimers even surpassing their virgin counterparts in mechanical and adhesive performance, underscoring the significance of this work in advancing sustainable adhesive materials with enhanced functionality and circularity
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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