1,721,017 research outputs found
Acoustic rhinometry: proposal for the standardization of the examination method [Rinometria acustica: una proposta di standardizzazione della metodica d'esame]
No full textAcoustic Rhinometry is a rhinological test essential to evaluate nasal fossae geometry. The test requires that the patient be positioned so that a 120 degrees angle is formed between the nasal adapter and the floor of the nasal fossa. The use of a craniostat ensures that the patient is actually in this condition and that the position remains unvaried throughout subsequent tests. The purpose of the present study has been to evaluate the reproducibility and reliability of craniostat-aided acoustic rhinometry in routine clinical practice. A total of 33 patients with hypertrophy of the lower turbinates were enrolled in the study. Rhinometry was performed in the basal conditions and after decongestion with a vasoconstrictor spray. Statistical analysis was performed on the sampling and showed that acoustic rhinometry performed with the craniostat was more reproducible and more reliable than those readings taken without the aid of the craniostat
Allergic rhinitis in Italy: epidemiology and definition of most commonly used diagnostic and therapeutic modalities
No full textAllergic rhinitis is classically defined as an IgE-mediated inflammation of nasal mucosa, characterised by nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, sneezing and nasal itching. It is certainly a high-prevalence disease and an important social and medical problem in many industrialised Countries, affecting about 20% of the general population; moreover, it is diagnosed with increasing frequency, both in adults and children in many developing countries. In view of the high medical and social costs, a correct diagnostic approach to allergic rhinitis is a fundamental need for the otorhinolaryngologist, also considering the severe complications (asthma, rhinosinusitis, rhino-otitis, rhinosinusal polyposis) which could develop if this disease is not recognised and adequately treated in its early phases. In order to evaluate not only the present epidemiological characteristics of allergic rhinitis in Italy but also the most commonly used diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the management of this disease, 145 Italian otorhinolaringologists were selected to take part in the investigation. Each was invited to complete a questionnaire, divided into 8 different sections, to be answered according to their daily clinical practice. The significance of the results has been compared with those of the international samples comprised in the ARIA Document and in the epidemiologic survey of the Standing Committee on Rhinology and Allergy of the International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies. A critical analysis of these data leads to some interesting epidemiological and therapeutic considerations
Choking injuries and food products containing inedibles: a survey on mothers' perception in the United Kingdom [Sondaggio sulla percezione delle madri inglesi riguardo agli incidenti da inalazione e i cibi contenenti giocattoli]
No full textAlthough recent investigations showed no specific hazard resulting from Food Products Containing Inedibles as compared to the wider category of toys, in view of recent findings and subsequent study of the European Registry of Foreign Bodies Injuries, a potential threat has been identified in a lack of parental supervision in the event of injury. Indeed, according to the report of the European Registry of Foreign Bodies Injuries, almost 80% of the injuries occur under parental supervision, which is obviously inadequate. The aim of this short contribution is to present the results of a Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing survey in the UK focused on the knowledge that mothers, fathers and other adults have on the issue of choking. A total of 1946 interviews have been conducted in the UK, in January 2001, all of which directed to subjects over 15 years of age. Data are presented as percentages and absolute numbers. The statistical significance of group differences has been evaluated with the chi-square test with continuity correction. All analyses have been performed using the R system. Those replying to the interview comprised 804 males and 1102 females. Of these, 10% had a child between 0 and 36 months, 9% between 3 and 4 years, 16% between 5-10 years and 13% between 11-15 years. Of those responding, 7% had bought Kinder Surprise within the last two weeks before the interview, 14% within the last three months, and the remaining 53% before, while 26% had never bought Kinder Surprise. These findings would appear to offer a confirmation that mothers tend to balance potential risks with the benefits of exposing the child to a stimulating activity. This mechanism of a controlled exposure to risk, has already been identified as one of the important mechanisms in the psychological development of the child
Effects of dietary yogurth on imminological and clinical parameters of rhinopathic patients
No full textObjectives: To examine the immunological and clinical influence of 4 months’ feeding with either yoghurt or partially skimmed
milk or nothing, on 20 volunteers.
Subjects: Thirteen subjects had a demonstrated allergic rhinopathy and seven were healthy subjects and participated as
controls.
Research design: Either a group of seven or a group of six rhinopathic patients were fed either 450 g yoghurt or 450 g partially
skimmed milk, respectively, for 4 months between March and October 1999. All subjects maintained their usual diet throughout
the study.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated before and after the experimental period and cultured for periods of
40 and 64 h. Proliferation index assay and release of IFNg and IL-4 without and with PHA stimulation were assessed.
Allergic rhinopathy was evaluated before and after the 4 months period by performing the nasal functionality tests (Active
Anterior Rhinomanometry, Acoustic Rhinometry), the prick test, the nasal specific provocation test (NPT), the dosage of specific
IgE blood levels, the evaluation of the symptomatological score and the nasal mucociliary transport test.
Results: No significant change of the proliferation index was noted among the three groups. Cultured PBMC of the group fed
with yoghurt released more IFNg and less IL-4. Cytokine plasma levels were at and remained at basal levels. Prick test, specific
serum IgEs and NPT remained immodified. Muco-ciliary transport time (MCTt) and symptomatological score showed a
definitive improvement after yoghurt feeding.
Conclusion: Yoghurt feeding appears to improve or prevent allergic recurrences in rhinopatic patients
Nasal scraping in diagnosing ciliary dyskinesia
No full textBackground: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a congenital, clinically and ultrastructurally heterogeneous disease caused by abnormal structure and/or function of cilia. Kartagener's syndrome is one subgroup of PCD. Acquired ciliary dyskinesia is frequent, generally being associated with or following respiratory tract infections. Methods: From January 2003 to April 2006, nasal mucociliary transport time was measured in 64 patients and specimens obtained by nasal scraping were examined by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results: The 64 nasal scrapings led to the diagnosis of 11 (17.2%) cases of PCD and 51 (79.7%) cases of secondary ciliary disorder. In two cases (3.1%) no clear diagnosis was possible. Conclusion: Nasal scraping is an easy, cheap, and efficient tool for detecting ciliary abnormalities by TEM and for distinguishing acquired and congenital modifications. Copyright © 2007, OceanSide Publications, Inc
Nasal obstruction as a key symptom in allergic rhinitis: efficacy and safety of a medical device in children
No full textAbstract
BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem that has increased rapidly in prevalence over the past few decades. Nasal congestion, which represents a cardinal symptom of AR, appears to be difficult to treat and, especially for pediatric population, therapies that are both well tolerated and effective in relieving nasal congestion are needed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the safety and clinical effectiveness of the medical device (lactoferrin, carboximetil β-glucan, D-panthenol, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate) in reducing the allergic rhinitis symptoms.
METHODS: A multicenter prospective study with a pre-post design was performed consecutively enrolling 100 pediatric patients of both genders affected by persistent AR. Patients received 2 puffs into each nostril 2 times a day over the course of 4 weeks. The severity of AR symptoms, as measured by VAS score, was assessed before and after treatment. The main outcomes were improvement in each symptom score and in overall symptom burden (as measured by average symptom scores). Differences in symptoms scores measured before and after treatment were compared using paired-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test. The proportion of participants with adverse effects attributed to the treatment was also computed.
RESULTS: All considered symptoms, including nasal congestion, significantly improve after treatment (p<0.001), while only 9 patients suffered adverse effects (itch, burning sensation, dryness).
CONCLUSION: These results confirm the efficacy and safety of this medical device in pediatric population
Bacterial internalization and intracellular activity of quinolones and macrolides [Il fenomeno dell'internalizzazione batterica e l'attività intracellulare di chinolonici e macrolidi]
No full textModification of moxifloxacin concentrations in plasma and tonsilar tissue after multiple administration in adults.
No full textLe rinosinusiti: aggiornamenti in tema di eziopatogenesi e antibioticoterapia [Rhinosinusitis: etiopathogenesis and antimicrobial therapy, an update]
No full textThe aim of the current study is to underline once again the etiopathogenetic aspects of rhinosinusitis, by a revision of most significative and updated study in otorhinolaryngologic literature to guide the right management of this disease. The focal role of ostio-meatal complex is reported; epidemiological data on old and emergent pathogens are described together with their role on acute or chronic or recurrent rhinosinusitis pathogenesis. According to recent evidence based medicine documents, diagnostic criteria and methodologies are reported to control surgical and medical long-term results. On the bases of the current etiopathogenetic concepts, medical treatment is suggested. The central role of medical management is based on the choice of antimicrobial treatment. The fundamental concepts on pharmacocinetic and pharmacodinamic are reported, togther with updated data on antimicrobial resistance
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