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O Ser Preto africano no «paraíso terrestre » brasileiro : Um sociólogo senegalês no Brasil
No full textO Ser Preto africano no «Paraíso terrestre » brasileiro : um sociologo senegalês no Brasil
Depois de passar a ser, constantemente, vítima de discriminação racial no Brasil, o autor -um sociólogo senegalês trabalhando neste país -comeceu a discutir com outros colegas africanos /as suas próprias experiências no país. Logo, percebeu que estas se assemelhavam às suas. Comeceu, então, a gravar os relatos mais interessantes. Intrigava porque, de um modo geral, nas élites governantes -e na imagem geralmente admitida do país -se sustenta que : 1) a discriminação no Brasil é mais social do que racial ; 2) as relações raciais no pais são harmônicas. É por isso que este artigo se propõe, a partir das narrativas, mostrar que contrariamente a estas afirmações, a discriminação no Brasil é primeiramente ligada à tonalidade do cor da pele e, depois, à situação social.
Passado mais de um século da abolição da escravidão, parece que a posição do preto na hierarquia social não mudou muito. Ele continua vivendo periféricamente, à margem da sociedade ou em sobressalto. Esta posição incômoda na qual se encontra o preto brasileiro na hierarquia social, paralelamente à posição do continente africano no cenário internacional, faz com que o estudante preto africano seja tão discriminado quanto o preto nativo. Por causa disso, o estudo da vida quotidiana dos/ as estudantes africanos /as poderia vir a ser cie grande contribuição ao estudo das relações «raciais » no dito país da mestiçagem. . .The Black African in the «Paradise on Earth » of Brazil ; a Senegalese sociologist in Brazil
Having constantly suffered from racial discrimination in Brazil, the author -a Senegalese sociologist stationed in this country -started talking with other African colleagues about their own experiences in the country. He immediately realised that they were similar to his own. He therefore set about recording those that appeared to him to be the most significant. This was intriguing in that the authorities -in line with the generally accepted image of Brazil -insist that : 1) discrimination m Brazil is of a social rather than a racial nature and 2) social relations in Brazil are harmonious. It is on the basis of accounts that contradict this idea that this article has been written. It shows that discrimination in Brazil is linked, first and foremost, with skin colour, and only afterwards with social position.
More than one century after the abolition of slavery, the position of Blacks in the social hierarchy has not changed much. They continue to live on the margins, in the suburbs or in isolation. This awkward position of the Black Brazilian, in parallel with the integration of Africa onto the international stage, means that Black-African students who come to Brazil suffer from discrimination as much as Black Brazilians. Study of the daily life of African students in Brazil could thus contribute to an understanding of «race » relations in the land of «mixing ».L'Être noir africain au «Paradis terrestre » brésilien : un sociologue sénégalais au Brésil
Ayant souffert de manière constante de la discrimination raciale au Brésil, l'auteur -un sociologue sénégalais en poste dans le pays -a commencé à discuter avec d'autres collègues africain(e)s de leurs propres expériences dans ce pays. Il s'est tout de suite aperçu qu'elles ressemblaient aux siennes. Il a donc commencé à enregistrer celles qui lui paraissaient les plus importantes. Cela intriguait, dans la mesure où les autorités -et l'image généralement admise du Brésil -soutiennent que : 1) la discrimination au Brésil est plutôt d'ordre social que racial ; 2) les relations sociales au Brésil sont harmonieuses. C'est à partir de récits contredisant ces idées reçues qu'est écrit cet article. On y montre que la discrimination au Brésil est liée, d'abord, à la couleur de la peau et seulement ensuite, à la situation sociale.
Plus d'un siècle après l'abolition de l'esclavage, la position du Noir dans la hiérarchie sociale n'a pas beaucoup changé. Il continue à vivre marginalement, dans les banlieues ou à l'écart. Cette position peu commocle du Noir brésilien, parallèlement à l'insertion de l'Afrique sur la scène internationale, font que l'étudiant noir-africain venant au Brésil est aussi discriminé que le Noir Brésilien. L'étude de la vie quotidienne des étudiant(e)s africain(e)s au Brésil pourrait ainsi apporter une contribution à la connaissance ae relations «raciales » au pays du «métissage »...Pascal Kaly Alain. O Ser Preto africano no «paraíso terrestre » brasileiro : Um sociólogo senegalês no Brasil. In: Lusotopie, n°8, 2001. Timor Les défis de l'indépendance. pp. 105-121
Les Littératures Négro-africaines et la Lutte pour l’Auto-Affirmation dans les Amériques : le Cas des Afro-Brésiliens
No full textLes premières archives ou bibliothèques du monde furent les cervelles des hommes. Par ailleurs, avant de coucher sur le papier les pensées qu’il conçoit, l’écrivain ou le savant se livre à un dialogue secret avec lui-même. Avant de rédiger un récit, l’homme se remémore les faits tels qu’ils lui ont été rapportés ou bien, s’il les a vécus, tels qu’il se les raconte à lui-même. (Bâ, 1980, 192) Je persiste à penser que le poème n’est accompli que s’il se fait chant, parole et musique en même tem..
Ônibus 174: a ponta de um icebergue
No full textUma civilização incapaz de resolver os problemas dos quais depende seu funcionamento é uma civilização decadente.Uma civilizaUma civilização que escolhe fechar os olhos aos seus problemas mais cruciais é uma civilização doentia...Uma civilização que brinca com seus princípios fundamentais é uma civilização moribunda.Aimé Césaire No dia 12 de junho de 2000, por volta das 14h, nas imediações do Clube Militar, localizado no bairro do Jardim Botânico, Zona Sul do Rio de Janeiro, os moradores fora..
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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