1,354,917 research outputs found
Towards the Development of a Methodology for the Cyber Security Analysis of Safety Related Nuclear Digital I
No full textDrought stress and morphophysiological responses in plants
No full textMore than 80% of the world's population is entirely dependent on the food grown on land. Environmental changes like global warming and low precipitation result in low water availability to crops. Drought stress is a severe problem that is causing massive yield and quality reduction due to environmental changes. Crops, when exposed to drought, result in aberration in their morphological, physiological, and biochemical processes. Drought affects yield, growth, reproduction, and development of crops. Drought also reduces chlorophyll content and pigments necessary for photosynthesis. Prolonged closing of stomata leads to CO2 deficiency, which adversely affects photosynthesis. Oxidative stress results in severe damage to plants. Plant induces its defensive mechanism in order to avoid any kind of deadly damage by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Reduction of transpiration and leaf rolling are the basic responses to reduce water loss and combat adverse conditions due to drought. Tolerant plants have adapted themselves by deep root system, leaf rolling, hormonal signaling, and efficient transpiration. The objective of this review is to develop an understanding about the adverse effects caused by drought and various adaptive measures taken up by plants to minimize these adverse effects
Effect of sodium carbonate-induced salinity-alkalinity on some key osmoprotectants, protein profile, antioxidant enzymes, and lipid peroxidation in two mulberry (Morus alba L.) cultivars
No full textThe changes in accumulation of two potential osmoprotectants (proline and glycine betaine), lipid peroxidation appraised as malondialdehyde (MDA) level, activities of key antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD: EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT: EC 1.11.1.6), peroxidase (POD: EC 1.11.1.7), and glutathione reductase (GR: EC 1.6.4.2), and soluble protein profile in two cultivars of mulberry (S146 and Sujanpuri) differing in alkalinity (NaHCO3) tolerance were investigated at 2-month intervals up to 6-month growth under stress conditions. Varying levels of salinity-alkalinity developed in soil were 0, 30, 40, and 50 g of NaHCO3 kg(-1) soil with pH 7.8, 9.1, 9.8, and 10.3, respectively. Alkali stress led to a consistent accumulation of proline and glycine betaine in mulberry leaves with time. The activities of leaf SOD, CAT, POD, and GR increased with increase in external salt concentration and pH. The increase in antioxidant enzyme activities was higher in cv. S146 than cv. Sujanpuri, whereas rate of lipid peroxidation measured in terms of MDA was higher in cv. Sujanpuri as compared to cv. S146. Protein profile revealed that some unknown proteins of low molecular mass (10-32.5 kDa) were induced by NaHCO3 stress, but differently in two cultivars.CSIR-New Delhi, IndiaCouncil of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) - IndiaThis paper is part of PhD work of Dr Parvaiz Ahmad. S Sharma was the PhD guide of Dr Parvaiz Ahmad. Prof. S Gucel, cross checked the results which Dr Parvaiz got during the work on this paper and helped him a lot in writing this paper. Prof. Munir Ozturk, drafted the experimental design, which cultivars we should use and also helped Dr Parvaiz in statistical analysis of this paper. Authors are thankful to CSIR-New Delhi, India for providing financial assistance to PA
Supplemental – Supplemental material for Streptococcus pneumoniae as a Cause of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Indian Adolescents and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental for Streptococcus pneumoniae as a Cause of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Indian Adolescents and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Canna J. Ghia, Raja Dhar, Parvaiz A Koul, Gautam Rambhad and Mark A Fletcher in Clinical Medicine Insights: Circulatory, Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Structured training and competence assessment in colorectal robotic surgery : Results of a consensus experts round table
No full textBackground: A structured training is a key element for the learning of techniques with a high level of complexity, such as robotic colorectal surgery. Methods: This study reports the results of an expert consensus round table held during the 6th Clinical Robotic Surgery Association (CRSA) congress, focusing on recommendations in robotic colorectal surgery. Results: Three sequential steps are proposed for training: a basic module, to learn basic robotic skills and general competencies; an advanced module, to acquire skills to safely perform a colorectal resection, and tutored clinical practice providing procedures of increasing complexity. Each specific skill of the basic module and performance of each surgical step of a colorectal procedure was evaluated and rated from 1 to 3. Conclusions: Defining requirements to begin robotic colorectal activity, delineation of structured training programs and objectification of the acquired competences are key elements for a safe and efficient learning of robotic colorectal surgery
Ruptured left gastric artery aneurysm successfully treated by thrombin injection: case report and literature review
No full textThis short report describes the successful use of a new minimally invasive technique for the treatment of acute gastric artery aneurysm rupture. It emphasises the importance of persistence and multiple imaging modalities in the presence of gastrointestinal bleeding. The photographs and case history clearly illustrate the nonoperative management and highlight learning points for experienced surgeons and trainees alike in the management of this potentially fatal condition
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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