31 research outputs found
Unusual metastasis of medullary thyroid carcinoma to the breast: A cytological and histopathological correlation
No full textBreast metastases are a relatively rare condition and account for approximately 0.5–2% of all breast tumors. Recognition of metastatic tumors in the breast is important because it would prevent unnecessary mutilating surgery and would lead to appropriate treatment of the primary tumor. Breast metastases from medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) are very rare with only 21 reported cases in the literature. Some MTCs mimic primary invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast histopathologically and radiologically, making the distinction between the two diagnostically challenging. We present the case of a 45-year-old female presenting with a lump breast, which was later found out to be metastasis from medullary carcinoma thyroid
Forensic entomology based seasonal study of decomposition of pig carcasses on and below the ground
No full textAbstract In the case of buried carcasses, forensic entomologists struggle to precisely estimate the post-burial interval due to a lack of reference data on the entomofauna associated with buried remains and their seasonal variations. The main aim of this study was to compare the decomposition rate, insect arrival and colonization on the pig carcasses above the ground and in graves dug at 40 cm during two seasons. One of the buried carcasses was exhumed frequently while the other was left undisturbed to study the effect of exhumation on the decomposition rate and insect arrival. The faster rate of decomposition was noted in the carcasses above ground as compared to buried ones in both the seasons. Calliphoridae species were amongst the earliest colonizers followed by the Sarcophagidae above the ground in both the seasons. However, their complete absence in the buried environment is noteworthy along with the abundance of Phoridae and Sarcophagidae species. Species from Dermestidae, Cleridae, Histeridae, and Formicidae families were common during both the seasons on the carcass exposed on the surface while in the buried environment Histeridae, Formicidae, and Isopoda species dominated. Seasons and frequent exhumation had a profound effect on the decomposition rate of the carcasses. Real time monitoring of insects and their activities on the carcasses below ground has remained a limitation of the present study but still this research will contribute immensely to a better understanding of decomposition and its investigation
Computation design method for Statics-Responsive Grid Shells
No full textQuadrangular Grid shells have generated interest in recent years for their application in rationalizing free form geometry in the built environment. Shell structure are efficient because their form is governed by flow of internal forces. But while discretizing shells into grid shells, instead of using flow of forces, current method follows patterns and tessellation techniques. Quadrangular grids are easier to manufacture but they are not stiff inherently compared to triangulated meshed grid, which doesn’t allow them to be used as frequently. There is a scope to improve stiffness by discretization informed by flow of forces. A workflow was developed for designing quadrangular static-responsive grid shells which are structurally efficient, homogenous and has near planar cladding, including preferences of the designer. The workflow is set up in a parametric environment in grasshopper, a plugin for Rhino 3d modelling software. It uses particle spring method for form finding a shell which has membrane like load bearing behaviour. The solid shell is discretized into a grid shell by a custom stress line generator which uses principal stress vector field derived by Finite element analysis of the shell. The grid shell is homogenised and optimized for planarity by dynamic relaxation. Multiple design alternatives are generated and stored. Design space is explored by using data analytics and visualization techniques which helps user to make informed design decisions. The workflow is applied to create a grid shell over delft bus station as a case study to protect travellers from varying weather conditions. The results are quite satisfactory in terms of structural performance when compared to methods used in state of the art in practice. Stiffness of a structure can be measure by total strain energy. The grid shell for delft bus station generated using this workflow was 32% and 49% lower in terms of total strain energy(compliance) than regular quad grid shell and diagrid quad shell respectively. The results are promising for real life application. Meaning that the workflow can be used to find a homogenised quadrangular grid shell which are stiffer than their predecessors. Grid shells are used for approximating free form geometry for various projects around the globe. Using this method can save time, money and material which was required to make a grid shells stiff by thicker beams or extra stiffening members.Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Building Technolog
A Meshfree-Based Lattice Boltzmann Approach for Simulation of Fluid Flows Within Complex Geometries
No full textThis chapter develops a meshless formulation of lattice Boltzmann method for simulation of fluid flows within complex and irregular geometries. The meshless feature of proposed technique will improve the accuracy of standard lattice Boltzmann method within complicated fluid domains. Discretization of such domains itself may introduce significant numerical errors into the solution. Specifically, in phase transition or moving boundary problems, discretization of the domain is a time-consuming and complex process. In these problems, at each time step, the computational domain may change its shape and need to be re-meshed accordingly for the purpose of accuracy and stability of the solution. The author proposes to combine lattice Boltzmann method with a Galerkin meshfree technique popularly known as element-free Galerkin method in this chapter to remove the difficulties associated with traditional grid-based methods. </jats:p
CORRELATIVE STUDY OF PRAKRITI WITH SANDHIVATA
No full textPrakriti is the health profile or unique psychosomatic temperament of an individual encompassing his or her physical, functional and behavioural characteristics. Prakriti is not only an instrument to examine the patient but also influences the onset, occurrence, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis and management of a patient. Among the various specific characteristics of Ayurveda, the knowledge of ‘Prakriti’ is at the top. Charaka, while directing tenfold examination of a patient (Dasvidh Pariksha), has counted ‘Prakriti’ on the top. Prakriti is most important in achieving the goal of Ayurveda, i.e. the maintenance of health of a healthy individual and cure of a diseased person. Keeping the knowledge of Prakriti in mind, a physician can suggest the person to follow up the day, night and seasonal regimens for the maintenance of health. Not only this, a diseased person can be easily managed by the knowledge of the Prakriti in the diagnosis as well as treatment. The knowledge of Prakriti eases the process of management of a disease because according to Ayurvedic concept, no disease in the body is possible without involvement of Dosha and the management is the reestablishment of Doshas in their normal state.For the purpose of present study, 30 patients of Sandhivata were selected from OPD and IPD of Ayurvedic and Unani Tibbia College Hospital and from Multi-Speciality Hindustani Dawakhana, Delhi having complaints related to ‘Sandhivata as per the “criteria for the selection of the patients” given below. On the basis of clinical examination (signs & symptoms) and necessary investigation (X-ray of the involved joints), the diagnosis of Sandhivata was established, then the patients were included in the study. The Prakriti of each patient was identified with the help of standard proforma, based on various signs & symptoms presented by various Ayurvedic authors for this purpose. The study revealed that Sandhivata has predominance in Vata pradhan prakriti due to Samanaya siddhanta
Functional and Cognitive Decline in an Older Adult With Severe Hyponatremia and Undiagnosed Hypothyroidism: A Geriatric Perspective
No full textA comparative study of decomposition and associated insects on pig carcasses buried at 40 and 80 cm depths
No full textAbstract Forensic entomology is a branch of science that uses insects as evidence in medicolegal investigations as they could provide valuable information regarding the cause and time since death specially in the case of buried bodies. The present study was the first attempt in India to compare the decomposition and associated insects on pig carcasses above the ground and those buried at two different depths (40 and 80 cm) during spring season over two consecutive years. Two pigs were buried at each depth and one pig carcass was placed above the ground. One of the buried carcasses was exhumed frequently and other one was kept undisturbed to investigate the decomposition rate and insect access to the carcass. The rate of decomposition was found to be faster above the ground as compared to the buried environment. Also, the carcass buried at 80 cm depth exhibited slower decomposition rates and had limited insect activity as compared to the one buried at 40 cm. Species within the Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae families were dominant on the surface-exposed carcass, whereas Phoridae were more prevalent on the buried carcasses even at a depth of 80 cm. The findings of the study highlights the significant influence of burial depth and exhumation on decomposition rate and insect arrival and colonization
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF STEM BARK POWDER OF SHIGRU (MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM.) IN DYSLIPIDEMIA
No full textIn recent times drastic changes have taken place in dietary habits and mode of life style which has resulted in precipitation of various metabolic diseases. One such alarming condition, which is on a high rise in the society, is Dyslipidemia. Since the pathology has a clear link with a person’s life style, the body demands a more holistic approach in treatment, hence indigenous system of medicine especially herbal preparations can play major role in finding a safe, simple and cost effective solution for the management of Dyslipidemia. Shigru botanically identified as Moringa oleifera Lam. is one of such commonly available plant which is greatly praised for its Medoghna property in various Nighantus.A clinical study of Shigru twak (stem bark) was conducted on 30 patients at OPD level of Government Ayurveda College Hospital, Tripunithura, Kerala. Shigru stem bark powder (Choornam) was given in the form of capsule, in a dose of 3gm per day along with lukewarm water before food for a period of 45 days. Assessment based on blood lipid levels and clinical features was done before and after treatment. The results were statistically analyzed. After the intervention Total Cholesterol, Serum LDL, Serum VLDL, Serum Triglyceride and Body weight were significantly reduced. On symptomatic evaluation the drug was significantly effective in reducing heaviness of body, chest pain, excessive sleep, excessive sweating, and breathlessness on exertion, palpitation and lethargy. The study revealed that Shigru twak is safe and effective in Dyslipidemia
