5,952 research outputs found
The sense of a beginning : Bakhtinian dialogic criticism on 'the gospel' in Mark.
No full textContemporary literary approaches have caused paradigm shifts in Biblical Studies in the last two decades as it appears in a great deal of Markan studies using narrative, reader-response, deconstructive, feminist, and new historicist approaches. However, literary studies on the Gospel of Mark have not taken into account theoretical questions underlying those approaches. As a result biblical critics are driven by new trends without ever having a chance to examine the critical baggage of the approaches. Consequently, there is a gap of communication between the old and the new one. Therefore this thesis is an attempt to meet the need of enhancing the quality of critical endeavour in biblical studies. In the light of most recent competing critical theories of literature, the first contribution of this thesis is the methodological finding that Bakhtinian dialogic criticism contains the most profound philosophical and practical foundations for solving some crucial theoretical problems in contemporary literary theories. It is a critique to a Saussurian linguistic system of language which becomes the very foundation of modern and postmodern literary criticism. Bakhtinian literary theory shifts the foundation of literary criticism on linguistic signs into the creative activity of the socio-cultural production of human communication. The shift into socio-cultural reality of language communication makes the notion of 'genre' very important to unlock the problem of text and context in literary studies. Since the Gospel of Mark has fascinated most literary critics in Biblical Studies, the problem of 'genre' of this gospel is chosen as the focus of this study. Secondly, as no agreement is reached as to what 'genre' the Gospel of Mark belongs, this thesis makes its contribution to the discussion by locating the problem of 'genre' of Mark in the context of genre theories and argues that the Bakhtinian suggestion to find genre in the socio-cultural sphere by analysing artistic intercourse between narrative agents in Mark has freed the competing analysis from the unresolved problem between the kerygmatic (content oriented) approach and the analogical (form oriented) approach. To achieve finding 'genre' in the socio-cultural sphere, this thesis focuses on Bakhtinian analysis of the process of artistic intercourse between narrative agents. The narrative communicative interrelationships between narrative agents is constructed in this thesis as a 'stereophonic' Bakhtinian model of dialogic communication. This model is an original contribution of this thesis for revising the traditional two dimensional model of narrative communication. Based on this dialogical model of communication, a special role is given to the Bakhtinian 'author-creator' in the realization process of genre through the interaction of polyphonic voices. Through the interaction of voices of the author-artist and the hero we are led to discover a relatively stable type of portraying and controlling reality in Mark, known as the genre of Roman 'satire'. The closest literary affinity is Satyrica by Petronius. This narrative strategy of 'satire' in Mark has its root in the prophetic discourse of the Old Testament which is saturating the speech of the narrator, John the Immerser, the centurion, the people, and even Jesus. Finally, the whole search for Markan 'genre' culminates in the analysis of the realization of genre through the analysis of Bakhtinian chronotope. The reality of the genre of Mark is its social reality that is in its role as dpxrj/ 'beginning'. As the Gospel of Mark proclaims itself as 'a beginning', it defines its claim of socio-cultural 'authority' in early Christianity. It is this 'sense of beginning' which enables the narrating and the narrated world of Mark to interact dialogically
The Geography of Rural American Poverty
No full textTestimony of Mark Partridge, Ph.D. Swank Chair in Rural-Urban Policy,
The Ohio State University.
Before the House Ways and Means Committee,
Subcommittee on Human Resources:
The Geography of Rural American PovertyMuch of rural America is struggling today due to a downturn in the commodity super cycle that has hampered mining, energy, and agriculture. This is exacerbated by the fierce foreign competition that has faced lower-wage rural manufacturers for the last 20 years
Well-known trade mark protection: confusion in EU and Japan
No full textIn this thesis concerning the protection of well-known trade marks against confusion in the European Community Trade Mark (CTM) and Japanese trademark systems, the author critically considers the difficulties in comprehensively defining ‘well-known trade mark’ in the relevant international trade mark instruments. After critical analysis of various definitions of both ‘trade mark’ and ‘well-known trade mark’, she undertakes a comparison of the definitions of the parallel concepts of ‘trade mark of repute’ and ‘syuchi-syohyo’, and also undertakes an assessment as to the extent to which these trade marks are protected against confusion and kondo in the CTM and Japanese systems, respectively. It is concluded that the protection of well- known trade marks against confusion in the CTM and Japan cannot be said to be completely clear, and the author identifies some areas for legal refor
The Gospel on the Margins: The Ideological Function of the Patristic Tradition on the Evangelist Mark
No full textIn spite of the virtually unanimous patristic opinion that the evangelist Mark was the interpreter of Peter, one of the most prestigious apostolic founding figures in Christian memory, the Gospel of Mark was mostly neglected in the patristic period. Not only is the text of Mark the least well represented of the canonical Gospels in terms of the number of patristic citations, commentaries and manuscripts, the explicit comments about the evangelist Mark reveal some ambivalence about its literary or theological value. In my survey of the reception of Mark from Papias of Hierapolis until Clement of Alexandria, I will argue that the reason why the patristic writers were hesitant to embrace the Gospel of Mark was that they perceived the text to be amenable to the Christological beliefs and social praxis of rival Christian factions. The patristic tradition about Mark may have little historical basis, but it had an important ideological function in appropriating the text in the name of an apostolic authority from the margins or periphery
Do Minimum Wage Hikes Raise US Long Term Unemployment? Evidence Using State Minimum Wage Rates
No full textPARTRIDGE M. D. and PARTRIDGE J. S. (1999) Do minimum wage hikes raise US long term unemployment? Evidence using state minimum wage rates, Reg. Studies 33 , 713‐726. Several recent studies have challenged the conventional notion that raising the minimum wage reduces employment. This study considers a related but relatively unexplored issue by examining the minimum wage's influence on long durations of unemployment. By considering long term unemployment rates, this study extends the previous minimum wage literature by examining the persistence of minimum wage effects. The empirical analysis considers state data from the latter 1980s, a unique period when many states raised their minimum wage above the federal level. The results suggest that a greater minimum wage increases long term unemployment rates. Further evidence indicates that increased minimum wage coverage also raises long term unemployment rates. Subsequent analysis yielded similar patterns for other aggregate labour market measures. Thus, state and federal policy makers should weigh these potential costs in deciding whether to increase minimum wage rates in the future. PARTRIDGE M. D. et PARTRIDGE J. S. (1999) Les retombées des augmentations du salaire minimum sur le chômage de longue durée? Des preuves provenant des salaires minimum aux Etats-Unis, Reg. Studies 33 , 713-726. Des études récentes ont mis en question l'idée reçue qu'une augmentation du salaire minimum entraîne une réduction de l'emploi. Cette étude-ci cherchè a considérer un sujet connexe mais relativement inexploré; autrement dit, les retombées du salaire minimum sur le chômage de longue durée. En examinant les taux de chômage de longue durée, cette étude élargit la documentation antérieure qui porte sur le salaire minimum en considérant la persistance des retombées du salaire minimum. On analyse des données qui proviennent de la fin des années 1980, une époque exceptionnelle où bon nombre des états ont augmenté leur salaire minimum au-dessus du niveau fédéral. Les résultats laissent supposer qu'un renchérissement du salaire minimum entraîne une hausse des taux de chômage de longue durée. Des preuves supplémentaires laissent voir qu'un accroissement de la proportion de smicards amène aussì a une hausse des taux de chômage de longue durée. Une analyse ultérieure a fourni des résultats comparables pour ce qui est des autres mesures globales du marché du travail. Ainsi, les décideurs, et au niveau de l'état et sur le plan fédéral, devraient évaluer cescoûts potentielsau moment où ils décident si, oui ou non, il faudra augmenter les taux de salaire minimum. PARTRIDGE M. D. und PARTRIDGE J. S. (1999) Führen Anhebungen von Mindestlöhnen in den Vereinigten Staaten zu langfristigem Ansteigen der Arbeitslosigkeit? Beweise, die sich auf staatliche Mindestlohnraten stützen, Reg. Studies 33 , 713‐726. Verschiedene, kürzlich veröffentlichte Untersuchungen stellten die herkömmliche Meinung in Frage, daß ein Anheben der Mindestlöhne zur Herabsetzung der Zahl der Beschäftigten führt. Dieser Aufsatz zieht eine damit verbundene, doch relativ selten untersuchte Frage in Betracht, indem er den Einfluß des Mindestlohnes auf lang anhaltende Arbeitslosigkeit prüft. Mit Hilfe der langfristigen Arbeitslosigkeitsraten erweitert die Studie durch Untersuchung der anhaltenden Auswirkungen von Mindestlöhnen die Literatur über Mindestlöhne. Die empirische Analyse zieht offizielle Datan der späten achtziger Jahre heran, einer einmaligen Periode, insoweit als viele Staaten ihre Mindestlöhne über die auf Bundesebene gezahlten anhoben. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, daß ein höherer Mindestlohn zum Ansteigen der langfristige Arbeitslosenraten führt. Weitere Beweise lassen erkennen, daß vermehrte Mindestlohndeckung auch langfristige Arbeitslosigkeitsraten anhebt. Die anschließende Analyse ergab ähnliche Muster für andere, den Gesamtarbeitsmarkt umfassende Maßnahmen. Auf staatlicher wie auf bundesstaatlicher Ebene sollten politische Entscheidungen deshalb diese potentiellen Kosten mit in Betracht ziehen, wenn sie zukünftige Anhebungen von Mindestlöhnen erwägen.Long Term Unemployment, Minimum Wage, Minimum Wage Coverage, Unemployment,
Diversifying information literacy research: An informed learning perspective
No full textThis article uses the idea of informed learning, an interpretation of information literacy that focuses on people's information experiences rather than their skills or attributes, to analyse the character of using information to learn in diverse communities and settings, including digital, faith, indigenous and ethnic communities. While researchers of information behaviour or information seeking and use have investigated people's information worlds in diverse contexts, this work is still at its earliest stages in the information literacy domain. To date, information literacy research has largely occurred in what might be considered mainstream educational and workplace contexts, with some emerging work in community settings. These have been mostly in academic libraries, schools and government workplaces. What does information literacy look like beyond these environments? How might we understand the experience of effective information use in a range of community settings, from the perspective of empirical research and other sources? The article concludes by commenting on the significance of diversifying the range of information experience contexts, for information literacy research and professional practice. © 2013 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Mark Hertsgaard on the world's love/hate relationship with America
No full textDirected by Mark Ganguzza ; executive producer, Felice Firestone ; a production of Public Affairs Television, Inc. ; a presentation of Thirteen/WNET New York. Host/interviewer, Bill Moyers ; guest, Mark Hertsgaard.Why has much of the world's regard for America diminished in the last few years? Journalist and author Mark Hertsgaard, who traveled the globe gauging foreigners' ambivalence towards the United States shares his findings, published in his new book, "The Eagle's Shadow: Why America Fascinates and Infuriates the World." Additionally, Hertsgaard comments on how America's role is changing in the wake of September 11th, and the key U.S. environmental and foreign policy decisions that have proven divisive of the international community, as well as a perceived lack of difference between globalization and Americanization
Reconsidering Arminius: Beyond the Reformed and Wesleyan Divide
No full textThe theology of Dutch theologian Jacob Arminius has been misinterpreted and caricatured in both Reformed and Wesleyan circles. By revisiting Arminius's theology, the book hopes to be a constructive voice in the discourse between so-called Calvinists and Arminians. Traditionally, Arminius has been treated as a divisive figure in evangelical theology. Indeed, one might be able to describe classic evangelical theology up into the twentieth century in relation to his work: one was either an Arminian and accepted his theology or one was a Calvinist and rejected his theology. Although various other movements within evangelicalism have provided additional contour to the movement (fundamentalism, Pentecostalism, etc.), the Calvinist-Arminian 'divide' remains a significant one. What this book seeks to correct is the misinterpretation of Arminius as one whose theology provides a stark contrast to the Reformed tradition as a whole. Indeed, this book will demonstrate instead that Arminius is far more in line with Reformed orthodoxy than popularly believed and show that what emerges as Arminianism in the theology of the Remonstrants and Wesleyan movements was in fact not the theology of Arminius but a development of and sometimes departure from it. This book also brings Arminius into conversation with modern theology. To this end, it includes essays on the relationship between Arminius's theology and open theism and Neo-Reformed theology. In this way, this book fulfills the promise of the title by showing ways in which Arminius's theology—once properly understood—can serve as a resource of evangelical Wesleyans and Calvinists doing theology together today. Abbreviations -- ix Introduction. Reconsidering Arminius: Recasting the Legacy / Mark H. Mann and Mark G. Bilby -- xi-xix Chapter 1. Consecrated through Suffering : the Office of Christ in the Theology of Jacob Arminius / Richard A. Muller -- 1-21 Chapter 2. Was Arminius an Unwitting Determinist? : Another Look at Arminius's Modal Logic / Thomas H. McCall -- 23-37 Chapter 3. Beyond Luther, beyond Calvin, beyond Arminius : the Pilgrims and the Remonstrants in Leiden, 1609-1620 / Jeremy Dupertuis Bangs -- 39-69 Chapter 4. The Loss of Arminius in Wesleyan-Arminian Theology / W. Stephen Gunter -- 71-90 Chapter 5. Jacob Arminius and Jonathan Edwards on the doctrine of creation / Oliver D. Crisp -- 91-112 Chapter 6. Convergence in the "Reformed" theologies of T.F. Torrance and Jacob Arminius / E. Jerome Van Kuiken -- 113-135 Chapter 7. Was Arminius an open theist? : meticulous providence in the theology of Jacob Arminius / John Mark Hicks -- 137-160 Conclusion. Arminius Reconsidered : Thoughts on Arminius and Contemporary Theological Discourse for the Church Today / Keith D. Stanglin -- 161-167 Contributors -- 169Published@book{stanglin2014reconsidering, title= {Reconsidering Arminius: Beyond the Reformed and Wesleyan Divide}, author= {Stanglin, Keith D and Bilby, Mark G and Mann, Mark H}, year= {2014}, publisher= {Kingswood Books}}978142679654
Appropriating Apocalyptic: Paul Ricoeur's Hermeneutics and the Discourse of Mark 13
No full textMark 13 predicts that certain events will occur literally within the generation of Jesus' contemporaries, and today's reader recognizes that some of these events have not taken place. The reader therefore appropriates the text as a false configuration of the world because it describes the world differently from how it is. However, the hermeneutics of Paul Ricoeur enables a reader to appropriate the text as a presentation of truth. His argument for textual autonomy supports the contention that a text's meaning is not limited to what the author intended and the original readers perceived. In new reading contexts, the meaning that comes from the text itself creates an evocative dialectic between the reader's lived world and the world description of the text. Although Mark 13 was originally understood literally, today's audience is able to read it as metaphor. Metaphor is not a rhetorically attractive literary trope; it is a transgression of language codes and categories. Through its association of previously unrelated concepts, metaphor creates new, multiple meanings and changes the linguistic structures within which it operates. Metaphor is able to present truth, not as a verifiable presentation of the world as it is perceived by the reader, but as a manifestation of the world in a new way. The reader recognizes this truth only as she is willing to engage with the text without imposing her preconceptions upon it. Mark 13, as it is read by today's reader, functions as metaphor because of the double dissonance first between the configured world of the text and the lived world of the reader and second between claim that Jesus is able to predict when the events will take place (v. 30) and the assertion that he is not able to do so (v. 32). One option for today's reader to appropriate the metaphor of Mark 13 as truth is a perception of the presence in the world of forces that challenge and subvert powers which appear to be dominant, and which deceive, destroy, and persecute
The Winner's Choice: Sustainable Economic Strategies for Successful 21st Century Regions
No full textThroughout the second half of the 20th Century, urbanization, new technologies, rapid labor-saving productivity growth in primary industries, and improved highways combined to create large-scale rural-urban functionally integrated regions. These forces have raised the stakes for regions in their pursuit of economic development and growth, making successful regional policy even more important. Changes to the governance structures consistent with the increased interdependence within broad rural-urban regions will improve the region's competitiveness; adopting fad-based approaches and policies aimed at “picking winners” will be less fruitful. Going forward, continuing globalization and environmental sustainability have the potential to fundamentally reshape relative regional attractiveness.Regional Policy, Rural Development
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