178 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-mdm-10.1177_0272989X221097106 – Supplemental material for Trends in Author-Reported Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds in the United States from 1995 to 2018: Implications for Discount Rates
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-mdm-10.1177_0272989X221097106 for Trends in Author-Reported Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds in the United States from 1995 to 2018: Implications for Discount Rates by Ankur Pandya, Mike Paulden, Jinyi Zhu, Tara A. Lavelle and James Hammitt in Medical Decision Making</p
Transient Thermal Analysis of Brake Disc in Regenerative Braking System Using Finite Element Analysis
No full textDefining critical literacy
No full textThis article traces the lineage of critical literacy from Freire through critical pedagogies and discourse analysis. The author discusses the need for a contingent definition of critical literacy, as a situated and contextual response to political economies, institutional and cultural relations of power
Association of Total Shareholder Return with other value based measures of financial performance
Get PDFPurpose- The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between total shareholder return (TSR) and other value based measures like created shareholder value (CSV), market value added (MVA), and economic profit (EP) in Indian banking sector and provide empirical evidences.
Design/methodology/approach- The paper uses a sample of 21 listed Indian banks segregated into 10 public sector banks and 11 private sector banks. The study period ranges from year 200-01 to 2009-10. Pooled ordinary least square regression is used to test the relationship between the variables in question.
Findings- The results reveal that CSV, EP individually explain the variation in TSR of Indian banks. Whereas, MVA as an individual independent variable does not explain variation in TSR of Indian banks. However CSV, MVA and EP jointly explain variation in TSR of Indian banks.
Research limitations/implications- The study was specifically restricted to listed banks in India. It did not consider unlisted banks.
Originality/value- Author concludes that individual value based measure should not be blindly used while measuring the shareholder value creation by a firm. Rather, a mix of these measures should be used to accurately measure the shareholder value creation.
Research paper
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Pandya, B. (2014). “Association of Total Share-holder Return with other value based measures of financial performance: Evidence from Indian Banking Sector”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 26–44
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Sub-50nm roll-to-roll nanoimprint lithography for manufacturing high-index inorganic nanophotonics
Get PDFPhotonic devices such as diffractive optics and metasurfaces are increasingly being utilized in extended reality (XR) displays and flat optics. High refractive index materials are the ideal choice in which nanostructures need to be fabricated for these applications. In addition, the desired patterns comprise of complex geometries such as slanted or multitiered nanostructures and variable pitch nanostructures with minimum feature size that is on the order of 1/10th or less of the operational wavelengths with aspect ratios approaching 10:1. Many of the current XR products in the market utilize direct nanoimprint of polymers with refractive index (RI) of 1.5-1.7 in the visible spectrum. Extending to higher RI beyond this using imprintable polymers has faced scalability challenges due to limitations in polymer material properties as well as inconsistent optical performance due to material variability, particularly over the lifetime of the device. Inorganic high-index materials can lead to best-in-class performance and reliability in these devices. However, etching of these nanoscale features in high-index substrates is difficult due to the inability to create volatile reactants during reactive ion etching requiring the use of ion milling which is known to be defect-prone. In addition, uniformity of etched geometries in nanoscale features with high aspect ratios and 3-dimensional geometries is critical as variations can significantly diminish the optical properties of these devices. In this dissertation, a scalable fabrication method for high-index inorganic waveguides and metasurfaces is explored that circumvents the need for etching nanoscale features in high-index materials. The key elements of this dissertation that contribute to the above capability are as follows: • Precision machine design for achieving continuous R2R nanoimprint for sub-50 nm high-throughput nano-manufacturing with sub-25 nm residual layer thickness • Plate-to-Roll (P2R) nanoimprint that enables the creation of a roll-based working template that is used in the above R2R nanoimprint equipment to allow long template life in volume manufacturing • Enhanced precision in nanofluidic-based processes such as nanoimprint lithography by incorporating spatiotemporal thermal actuation that could potentially address systematic nanoimprint defects during high speed patterning • A process that uses a switchable adhesive layer that can create detachable nanostructures with a deposited high-index material followed by precision layer transfer to enable the desired optical componentsMechanical Engineerin
Trataka: A Promising Intervention to Reduce Anxiety in Children? A Randomized Controlled Trial with Cognitive and Electrodermal Measures
No full textBackground:
One in five children suffers crippling dental anxiety, and traditional calming methods often fall short. Trataka, an ancient yogic technique, offers a powerful new approach to manage this anxiety.
Objective:
The objective is to investigate whether Trataka practice is more effective than relaxation techniques in reducing anxiety in children undergoing dental procedures.
Methodology:
A two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 120 children aged 8–11 years requiring local anesthesia for dental procedures. Participants were randomized to either a Trataka group (n = 60) or a relaxation techniques group (n = 60). Both groups received 4 weeks of training on their assigned intervention. The primary outcome was anxiety level measured by the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ) administered pre- and postintervention. Secondary outcomes included electro-dermal activity (EDA) test results and the Stroop Colour Word Test (SCWT), both performed pre- and postintervention, and observed anxiety-related behaviors during procedures.
Results:
Children in the Trataka group exhibited a significantly greater reduction in anxiety compared to the relaxation techniques group, as measured by the MASQ score (P < 0.001) and lower EDA response during the SCWT (P < 0.01). The Trataka group also displayed fewer observed anxiety-related behaviors during procedures (P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
The findings suggest that Trataka may be more effective than relaxation techniques in reducing anxiety in children undergoing dental procedures
Under-diagnosis of asthma in elderly
No full textIntroduction: The concept of asthma affecting the old age people has been universally denied in past. Therefore, rather than suspecting asthma in old age patients, it often gets misdiagnosed as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), leading to sub-optimal management of disease. Considering the fact that only one in five life-long smokers ever develop COPD, we must not blindly diagnose it in elderly smokers without going through clinical evaluation. Spirometry can be helpful in differentiating asthma; however, demonstration of small degree of reversibility to bronchodilators alone does not distinguish asthma. Comorbidities in old age or the drugs taken to treat them may exacerbate asthma. Conversely, bronchodilators and corticosteroids used to treat asthma often worsen these co-morbid conditions, such as osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, and cardiac arrhythmias - making our regimens even narrower. Objectives: To highlight the misdiagnosis of asthma in old age. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was done involving 350 clinically diagnosed obstructive airway diseases (OADs) patients at SBKS Medical Institute and Research Center and their evaluation was done. Results: Out of 350 patients clinically appearing as OAD, 292 had obstructive pattern in pulmonary function tests; from which 100 were found to be asthmatic and 192 were of COPD. Out of these 100 diagnosed asthma patients, 16 were of age more than 60 years, from which five were previously treated as COPD. Conclusion: There is considerable prevalence of asthma in old age too, which, if misdiagnosed, can lead to sub-optimal treatment of the asthma
From impression to addiction: The pathways of adolescent tobacco use
No full textAim: To understand the psychodynamics of tobacco use among 11- to 14-year-olds in Ahmedabad, India. Materials and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather information on tobacco use from 5,266 students, aged 11 to 14, enrolled in government-aided English medium schools in Ahmedabad. IBM® SPSS® 26.0 software along with Chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 7.2% (376) had ever used tobacco. Of the users, 96.6% (363) knew it was harmful, 76.3% (287) were boys, and 85.2% (320) were initiated by family and friends. Conclusion: Despite being aware of the dangers of tobacco and being unable to purchase from vendors, children continued to obtain tobacco products, being influenced by their close social networks. An effective cessation measure should be directed toward this psychodynamic etiology
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