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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The causes of terrorist radicalisation among Northern Irish Catholics
No full textThis work deals with the question of whether, in the case of terrorist radicalization of Northern Irish Catholics (being both national and a religious minority in the Northern Ireland and de facto also in the UK) during 'The Troubles', was ideology only a function of Catholics' socio-economic grievances, or a standalone, individually decisive factor. The thesis explores the motivations for terrorism as they are stated in personal testimonies, group surveys, or other sources. The theory of Radicalization Puzzle, viewing the radicalization as a complex non-linear combination of four variously strong categories of reasons (grievances, ideologies, networks and support structures) is used. After establishing the definitions of terrorism and minority status, exploring the Irish-British history and the validity of minority status of Northern Irish Catholics, the paper brings together the stated reasons for radicalisation and combines them in a "mental map." Several broad categories of reasons are identified and overlaid with the Puzzle categories. It is found that grievances were a big motivational factor for terrorism, but they were overwhelmingly of social kind, mostly sectarian or state violence. Economic grievances as a dominant radicalising factor were very rare. The Republican ideology has also been a..
Poland as a new regional power
No full textThis work concerns the question whether it is possible to consider Poland a new regional power in the Central and/or Eastern Europe. The work is based on constructivist viewpoint and it therefore examines the self-perception of Poland and the perception of its role by other relevant actors. It establishes a definition of a regional power, by which a regional power is a state that considers itself to be such power, that is considered to be such power by other relevant actors, that provides public goods in its region and the projects its ideology onto the secondary regional actors. I examine how well does Poland fit into these criteria. It surely considers itself a regional power and is even considered one by its western allies. Its actual acting as a regional power is complicated, though, by its insufficient economic power (in comparison with, for example, Germany) as it does not allow him an effective provision of public goods. Also its regional ideology is not sufficiently coherent and inclusive and interesting for the other actors. Besides all that, it is faced by a Russian competition in the Eastern Europe and by the indifference of the potential secondary actors in the Central Europe, as they tend to orientate themselves to Germany, rather than Poland. Poland undeniably has the potential to..
Příčiny teroristické radikalizace mezi severoirskými katolíky
No full textThis work deals with the question of whether, in the case of terrorist radicalization of Northern Irish Catholics (being both national and a religious minority in the Northern Ireland and de facto also in the UK) during 'The Troubles', was ideology only a function of Catholics' socio-economic grievances, or a standalone, individually decisive factor. The thesis explores the motivations for terrorism as they are stated in personal testimonies, group surveys, or other sources. The theory of Radicalization Puzzle, viewing the radicalization as a complex non-linear combination of four variously strong categories of reasons (grievances, ideologies, networks and support structures) is used. After establishing the definitions of terrorism and minority status, exploring the Irish-British history and the validity of minority status of Northern Irish Catholics, the paper brings together the stated reasons for radicalisation and combines them in a "mental map." Several broad categories of reasons are identified and overlaid with the Puzzle categories. It is found that grievances were a big motivational factor for terrorism, but they were overwhelmingly of social kind, mostly sectarian or state violence. Economic grievances as a dominant radicalising factor were very rare. The Republican ideology has also been a...Tato práce se zabývá otázkou, jestli v případě teroristické radikalizace severoirských katolíků (národnostní a náboženské menšiny v Severním Irsku a de facto i v UK) během "Troubles" byla ideologie pouze funkcí katolických socio-ekonomických grievances, nebo samostatným rozhodujícím faktorem. Práce zkoumá motivace k terorismu líčené v osobních svědectvích, skupinových výzkumech a dalších zdrojích. Je použita teorie Radicalization Puzzle, vnímající radikalizaci jako komplexní nelineární kombinaci čtyř variabilně významných kategorií důvodů (grievances, ideologie, networky, podpůrné struktury). Po stanovení definic terorismu a menšinového statusu, prozkoumání Irsko-Britské historie a validity minoritního statusu severoirských katolíků práce snáší dohromady stanovené důvody radikalizace a kombinuje je do "mentální mapy." Je identifikováno několik širších kategorií důvodů, které jsou srovnány s kategoriemi z Puzzle. Je zjištěno, že grievances byly velkou motivací k terorismu, šlo ale většinou o sociální faktory, obvykle státní či sektářské násilí. Ekonomické grievances byly jakožto dominantní radikalizační faktor velmi vzácné. Republikánská ideologie, rozšiřovaná skrze komunitu, byla také důležitým faktorem. Lze ji ale jen do určité míry považovat za za funkci socio-ekonomických faktorů, jelikož jde o nezávisle...Department of Security StudiesKatedra bezpečnostních studiíFaculty of Social SciencesFakulta sociálních vě
Evaluace vlastností polymerních konjugátů specificky vážících proteiny pro použití v molekulární biologii
Get PDFV posledních třech desetiletích bylo vloženo značné úsilí do vývoje polymerních konjugátů nízkomolekulárních léčiv. Hlavním důvodem této snahy byla skutečnost, že vytvořené makromolekulární konjugáty mají nejen výhodnější distribuční profil než původní nízkomolekulární léčivo. Při konjugaci má zásadní roli molekulární spojka mezi páteří polymeru a léčivem: spojku je možné vytvořit buď enzymaticky rozložitelnou, nebo odolnou vůči degradačním enzymům. Výběr správného polymerního nosiče je taktéž klíčový, neboť musí splňovat přísné požadavky na biokompatibilitu. Vzniklé makromolekulární konjugáty mají tendenci se akumulovat v solidních nádorech díky efektu nazývanému EPR ("Enhanced Permeability and Retention" efekt). V praxi existuje řada možností využití makromolekulárních konjugátů nízkomolekulárních léčiv. V úvodu této práce jsem shrnul různé práce o kopolymerech poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)metakrylamidu (HPMA). V této části práce jsem též stručně představil proteiny experimentálně používané v terapii. Vyvinuli jsme HPMA kopolymery obsahující cílící ligand (inhibitor), afinitní kotvu (biotin) a signalizační prvek (fluorescenční skupina). Pro testování našich HPMA kopolymerů jsme vybrali následující terapeuticky významné proteiny: glutamátkarboxypeptidasa II (membránový marker karcinomu prostaty), HIV-1...During last three decades, a great effort was invested to the development of polymer conjugates of low molecular drugs with the aim to improve the specific targeting of drugs to diseased tissues, cells and organs. The main reason for this effort was the fact that high molecular weight copolymers have a favourite distribution profile in tissues and organisms. A linker between a polymer backbone and drug has very important role: it is possible to synthesize a biodegradable linker, which can be enzymatically hydrolyzed. Conversely, there is a possibility to synthesize an inert linker, resistant to the hydrolysis. Proper choice of the suitable precursor- polymer is also essential, hence it has to accomplish all of the stringent demands for biocompatibility. Macromolecular polymer-drug conjugates tend to accumulate in solid tumors because of the so called enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. There is a whole range of possible applications of high molecular polymer-drug conjugates. In the introduction part of this thesis, I summarize potential use of drugs based on poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (HPMA) copolymers. Moreover, I introduce some therapeutically important proteins used in experimental drug discovery. In our laboratory, we have developed a concept of HPMA copolymers...Department of BiochemistryKatedra biochemiePřírodovědecká fakultaFaculty of Scienc
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