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Daya antifungal ekstrak Sambiloto (Andrographis Pantculata (Burm F.) Ness.) terhadap pertumbuhan Jamur Colletotrichum Musae (Berk, Et Curt.) Arx. dan Fusarium Oxysporum Schlecht.F.Sp. Cubense (E.F.Smith) Synd Et Hans.
No full textABSTRAK
Jamur Colletotrichum musae dan Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht.fsp. cubense merupakan jamur patogen pada tanaman pisang. Saat ini kedua jamur dipandang sebagai penyakit yang sangat merugikan. Pengendalian hayati dipertimbangkan setelah penggunaan fungisida sintetis terbukti dapat merusak ekosistem. Tumbuhan sambiloto mengandung senya٦va diantaranya adalah diterpen lakton yang bersifat fungistatik. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengetahui daya antifungal ekstrak sambiloto {Andrographis paniculata (Burm f.) Ness} terhadap pertumbuhan koloni jamur Colletotrichum musae dan Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtfsp. cubense. (2) Mengetahui daya antifungal ekstrak sambiloto {Andrographis paniculata (Burm f) Ness} yang paling efektif untuk menghambat atau membunuh pertumbuhan jamur Colletotrichum musae dan Fusarium oxysponim Schlecht.fsp. cubense.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di ]Laboratorium Biologi Universitas Islam Negeri Malang, pada bulan Juli-September 2005- Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Data yang diperoleh berupa diameter pertumbuhan jamur pada media Potato Dextrosa Agar dan persentase penghambatan ekstrak sambiloto terhadap kedua jatnur. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan Anava tunggal dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil perlakuan digunakan Uji Jarak Duncan (37ل) dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Ekstrak sambiloto yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ekstrak dari tumbuhan sambiloto yang didapat dari kawasan Hutan Jati di RPH Sentul, Ngawi dalam berbagai konsentrasi yaitu: 0%و 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% dan 100%.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Ekstrak sambiloto mempunyai daya antifimgal terhadap pertumbulian jamur Colletotrichum musae dan Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht.fsp. cubense, semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak sambiloto semakin tinggi pula daya antifungalnya. (2) Konsentrasi ekstrak sambiloto yang paling efektif dalam mengliambat pertumbuhan jamur Colletotrichum musae dan Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht.fsp. cubense adalah konsentrasi 60% yang ditunjukkan dengan rerata diameter pertumbuhan koloni kedua jamur yang berbeda nyata dengan konsentrasi 0% (kontrol), 20% dan 40% serta tidak berbeda nyata dengan konsentrasi 80% dan 100% dan persentase daya hambat ekstrak samiloto seesar 92,42% untuk jamur Colletotrichum musae dan 93,90% untuk jamur Fusarium oxysponim Schlecht.fsp. cubense pada pengamatan hari terakhir
The Effect of Type and Duration of Seed Storage on Sugarcane Growth
Full text linkSugarcane propagation is mostly done by stem cuttings aged 5 to 8 months. Sugarcane seeds in the form of stalks have limited storage capacity, the germination of seeds will decrease rapidly if the seeds are stored for too long time. The high weight and volume for the use of sugarcane seeds is one of the limiting factors if planting is to be carried out far from the seed breeding place. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the type and storage time of sugarcane seeds on the growth of sugarcane.The research was conducted at the Karangploso Experimental Garden Balittas in January-December 2016. The research was carried out in the field using a divided plot design with 3 replications. The main plot is the type of seed, namely B1 (bud sett) and B2 (bud chip). As subplots are the storage time P0 (without storage/control), P1 (24 hours storage), P2 (48 hours storage), and P3 (72 hours storage). The results showed that the germination power of bud set did not decrease significantly. The increase in germination and first count germination was noticeable at 24-72 h storage compared to control. The percentage of bud chip seed germination rate decreases with increasing storage time. In the polybags phase, the growth of bud sett seeds is faster than bud chip seeds. The growth of 3 months old plants after transplanting the number of seedlings of bud sets and bud chips was not significantly different. The variables of plant height, stem diameter and number of internodes were significantly different. All the observation variables at the age of 6 months showed no significant difference between bud set seeds and bud chip seeds
Pola Pewarisan Sifat Ketahanan Tanaman Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus L) Persilangan Varietas Kenafindo 2 X Karangploso 15 Terhadap Nematoda Puru Akar (Meloidogyne Incognita)
Full text linkKenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) adalah hari pendek, tumbuh cepat tahunan tanaman herbal, yang dibudidayakan untuk batang berserat. Itu adalah salah satu yang paling tanaman serat industri penting di dunia dan merupakan sumber serat ramah lingkungan untuk pengemasan, kurang berkembangnya kenaf di lahan kering disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain rendahnya produktivitas kenaf dilahan kering dan penyakit Nematoda Puru Akar (NPA) sehingga kenaf kurang bersaing dengan komoditas lain, sehingga perlu dilakukan strategi program pemuliaan yang efektif dan efisien untuk memperoleh varietas Kenaf tahan penyakit Nematoda Puru Akar, penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kriteria genotipe kenaf terhadap NPA, mengetahui nilai heritabilitas, dan mengetahui pola pewarisan sifat terhadap NPA. Penelitian dilaksanakan Oktober 2019 sampai dengan Februari 2020 di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat, Malang, Jawa Timur. Alat yang digunakan polybag, mulsa, meteran, penggaris, jangka sorong, tugal, gembor, selang, alfaboard, kayu, gunting, sentrifuge, baskom, gelas ukur, blender, kain, timbangan analitik, cawan petri, saringan, beaker glass, botol semprot, botol sentrifugasi, mikroskop, suntikan, sendok plastik, alat tulis dan kamera. Penelitian terdiri dari Persiapan Media Tanam, Isolasi dan Perbanyakan NPA, Persiapan Inokulum, Penanaman Kenaf, Inokulasi NPA dan Panen. Berdasarkan nilai rerata dan kisaran pada enam generasi menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh tetua KIN2 lebih kuat dibandingkan tetua KR15. Ketahanan kenaf terhadap NPA dikendalikan oleh gen sederhana (simple gen) dimana tidak dipengaruhi Lingkungan. Nilai heritabilitas dalam arti sempit tergolong rendah sampai dengan sedang. Pola Pewarisan sifat yang sesuai untuk karakter ketahanan terhadap nematoda puru akar berupa faktor reproduksi dan jumlah telur per 10 g akar adalah model aditif-dominan (m[d][h])
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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