1,721,084 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Validation of a new instrument to guide and support insanity evaluations: the defendant’s insanity assessment support scale (DIASS)
Full text linkThe insanity defense represents one of the most controversial and debated evaluations performed by forensic psychiatrists and psychologists. Despite the variation among different jurisdictions, in Western countries, the legal standards for insanity often rely on the presence of cognitive and/or volitional impairment of the defendant at the time of the crime. We developed the defendant’s insanity assessment support scale (DIASS) based on a wide view of competent decision-making, which reflects core issues relevant to legal insanity in many jurisdictions. To assess the characteristics of the DIASS we asked 40 forensic experts (16% women; years of experience = 20.6 ± 12.9) to evaluate 10 real-life derived forensic cases with the DIASS; cases included defendants’ psychiatric symptom severity, evaluated through the 24-itemBrief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Exploratory factor analysis by principal axis factoring was conducted, which disclosed a two-factor solution explaining 57.6% of the total variance. The DIASS showed a good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.86), and substantial inter-rater reliability (Cohen’s kappa = 0.72). The capacities analyzed through the DIASS were mainly affected by mania/excitement and psychotic dimensions in nonresponsible and with substantially diminished responsibility defendants, while by hostility and negative symptoms in responsible defendants. The DIASS proved to be an effective psychometric tool to guide and structure insanity defense evaluations, in order to improve their consistency and reliability
A Bayesian Hierarchical Approach of Combining Case-Control and Prospective Studies
No full textMotivated by the absolute risk predictions required in medical decision making and patient counseling, we propose an approach for the combined analysis of case-control and prospective studies of disease risk factors. The approach is hierarchical to account for parameter heterogeneity among studies and among sampling units of the same study. It is based on modeling the retrospective distribution of the covariates given the disease outcome, a strategy that greatly simplifies both the combination of prospective and retrospective studies and the computation of Bayesian predictions in the hierarchical case-control context. Retrospective modeling differentiates our approach from most current strategies for inference on risk factors, which are based on the assumption of a specific prospective model. To ensure modeling flexibility, we propose using a mixture model for the retrospective distributions of the covariates. This leads to a general nonlinear regression family for the implied prospective likelihood. After introducing and motivating our proposal, we present simple results that highlight its relationship with existing approaches, develop Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for inference and prediction, and present an illustration using ovarian cancer data
Lamotrigina nel disturbo bipolare a cicli rapidi: follow-up a otto anni
No full textLa gestione a lungo termine del paziente con disturbo bipolare a cicli rapidi pone alcuni problemi nella pratica clinica. È stata dimostrata la scarsa efficacia terapeutica del litio. Per ottenere risultati di rilievo in termini di miglioramento della sintomatologia è necessario talvolta l'utilizzo contemporaneo di più stabilizzanti dell'umore. Lamotrigina viene da tempo utilizzata con beneficio nel disturbo bipolare, tuttavia non è chiaro se sia efficace anche nel trattamento dei cicli rapidi. Il caso. Esponiamo il caso di una paziente con diagnosi di disturbo bipolare a cicli rapidi trattata con lamotrigina. Nei precedenti vent'anni di malattia la paziente aveva intrapreso senza successo numerosi trattamenti. Lamotrigina è stata introdotta a una dose iniziale di 25 mg/die e gradualmente aumentata fino a 150 mg/die. Viceversa, il valproato di sodio è stato interrotto. La paziente era peraltro in terapia con 1-tiroxina in quanto affetta da tiroidite cronica autoimmune. Il progressivo incremento nel dosaggio di lamotrigina ha determinato in breve tempo un notevole miglioramento'della sintomatologia, con riduzione dei cicli rapidi. Attualmente, a otto anni dall'inizio della terapia, la paziente riferisce una condizione di benessere ed eutimia duratura nel tempo. Conclusioni. Sulla base delle evidenze osservate nel caso suddetto, il trattamento con lamotrigina appare efficace nel trattamento del disturbo bipolare a cicli rapidi. Nonostante il nostro risultato sia limitato, è auspicabile che studi futuri possano approfondire ed eventualmente confermare il ruolo di questo farmaco nella gestione del disturbo
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Lamotrigina nel disturbo bipolare a cicli rapidi: follow-up a otto anni
No full textLa gestione a lungo termine del paziente con disturbo bipolare a cicli rapidi pone alcuni problemi nella pratica clinica. È stata dimostrata la scarsa efficacia terapeutica del litio. Per ottenere risultati di rilievo in termini di miglioramento della sintomatologia è necessario talvolta l'utilizzo contemporaneo di più stabilizzanti dell'umore. Lamotrigina viene da tempo utilizzata con beneficio nel disturbo bipolare, tuttavia non è chiaro se sia efficace anche nel trattamento dei cicli rapidi. Il caso. Esponiamo il caso di una paziente con diagnosi di disturbo bipolare a cicli rapidi trattata con lamotrigina. Nei precedenti vent'anni di malattia la paziente aveva intrapreso senza successo numerosi trattamenti. Lamotrigina è stata introdotta a una dose iniziale di 25 mg/die e gradualmente aumentata fino a 150 mg/die. Viceversa, il valproato di sodio è stato interrotto. La paziente era peraltro in terapia con 1-tiroxina in quanto affetta da tiroidite cronica autoimmune. Il progressivo incremento nel dosaggio di lamotrigina ha determinato in breve tempo un notevole miglioramento'della sintomatologia, con riduzione dei cicli rapidi. Attualmente, a otto anni dall'inizio della terapia, la paziente riferisce una condizione di benessere ed eutimia duratura nel tempo. Conclusioni. Sulla base delle evidenze osservate nel caso suddetto, il trattamento con lamotrigina appare efficace nel trattamento del disturbo bipolare a cicli rapidi. Nonostante il nostro risultato sia limitato, è auspicabile che studi futuri possano approfondire ed eventualmente confermare il ruolo di questo farmaco nella gestione del disturbo
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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