1,720,960 research outputs found
The Interpolation Capabilities of the Binary CMAC
No full textWithin the neurocontrol field the CMAC has often been proposed as a basic learning element because of its simple design and its rapid learning rate. However despite it being used as a general nonlinear functional approximator, very little theory exists about the interpolation capabilities of the binary CMAC. In this paper the binary CMAC is described and an expression for the memory requirements is derived. Then it is shown that the basis function vectors span a space which has a dimension dependent on the length of the weight vector and the generalisation parameter. From these two expressions it is possible to measure the space of the functions which the CMAC can interpolate and it is shown that, in general, the binary CMAC cannot reproduce an arbitrary multivariate look-up table. This provides an upper bound on the size of the class of functions which the multivariate CMAC can interpolate. Next it is shown that if the desired multivariate (look-up table) function is formed from a linear combination of bounded univariate piecewise constant functions then there exists a well-defined binary CMAC which is output equivalent to the desired function. This provides a lower bound on the type of functions that the multivariate CMAC can interpolate. A set of consistency equations is then derived which the training data must satisfy if the CMAC is required to store the information exactly. Finally these consistency equations are used in the construction of a set of desired functions which the CMAC is completely unable to model. Many neural networks can approximate continuous nonlinear functions arbitrarily well, given infinite resources. However this work is aimed at a more useful measure of the modelling (approximation) capabilities of a network: that is, given a particular network structure (finite resources) what functions can be modelled exactly
Design Improvements in Associative Memories for Cerebellar Model Articulation Controllers (CMAC)
No full textA number of recent improvements to the design of associative memories for CMAC systems are described. These are (i) an improved scheme for allocating C weights to a given input vector in Rn, (ii) design of receptive field shapes within the hypercube associated with an individual weight (including some experimental evaluations of these shapes), (iii) matching the field shapes to the hypercube itself using the concept of superspheres, (iv) speeding up the convergence of the weight training procedure
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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