1,720,973 research outputs found
ASSESSING TWO INTERDEPENDENT RISK FACTORS FOR BREAST CANCER: OBESITY AND DYSBIOSIS
No full textBackground: Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in women and the second-highest cause of cancer-related mortality. A combination of non-modifiable factors such as genetics, family history, age, gender as well as modifiable factors including environmental exposures, obesity and microbiota influence the incidence and progression of breast cancer. Our primary goal was to investigate the influence of two important modifiable risk factors, obesity and microbiota dysbiosis, on breast cancer and delineate the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Methods: We used RT-PCR, western-blotting, and immunofluorescence to test the stemness and signature gene expression levels. The effects of obesity and microbial dysbiosis were also evaluated in vivo in mice. The tumor-dissociated cells from these mice were, thereafter, used for various functional assays for further corroboration.
Result: Our results demonstrated an enrichment of pre-adipocytes in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), showing a potential link between obesity and a predominant class of breast cancer. We showed that obesity led to increased proliferation and stemness of IBC cells in vivo. Our data strongly implicated the involvement of lipocalin2 (LCN2) as an adipocytokine in IBC progression. Additionally, we found a notable rise in cancer cell proliferation, migration and stemness upon microbial dysbiosis both in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusion: Our collated evidences showed that obesity contributes to the development of IBC via an adipocytokine LCN2, which can, therefore, serve as an attractive target for chemoprevention. Our observations indicated that Fusobacterium nucleatum was overabundant in breast tumors, which enhanced neoplastic transformations, thus strengthening the role of microbial dysbiosis in breast cancer development. Our study, thus, identified the intimate interplay of these emerging risk factors in breast carcinogenesis and our next aim involves further research in these areas for better therapeutic and disease management strategies
ASSESSING TWO INTERDEPENDENT RISK FACTORS FOR BREAST CANCER: OBESITY AND DYSBIOSIS
No full textBackground: Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in women and the second-highest cause of cancer-related mortality. A combination of non-modifiable factors such as genetics, family history, age, gender as well as modifiable factors including environmental exposures, obesity and microbiota influence the incidence and progression of breast cancer. Our primary goal was to investigate the influence of two important modifiable risk factors, obesity and microbiota dysbiosis, on breast cancer and delineate the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Methods: We used RT-PCR, western-blotting, and immunofluorescence to test the stemness and signature gene expression levels. The effects of obesity and microbial dysbiosis were also evaluated in vivo in mice. The tumor-dissociated cells from these mice were, thereafter, used for various functional assays for further corroboration.
Result: Our results demonstrated an enrichment of pre-adipocytes in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), showing a potential link between obesity and a predominant class of breast cancer. We showed that obesity led to increased proliferation and stemness of IBC cells in vivo. Our data strongly implicated the involvement of lipocalin2 (LCN2) as an adipocytokine in IBC progression. Additionally, we found a notable rise in cancer cell proliferation, migration and stemness upon microbial dysbiosis both in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusion: Our collated evidences showed that obesity contributes to the development of IBC via an adipocytokine LCN2, which can, therefore, serve as an attractive target for chemoprevention. Our observations indicated that Fusobacterium nucleatum was overabundant in breast tumors, which enhanced neoplastic transformations, thus strengthening the role of microbial dysbiosis in breast cancer development. Our study, thus, identified the intimate interplay of these emerging risk factors in breast carcinogenesis and our next aim involves further research in these areas for better therapeutic and disease management strategies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Isolation, characterization and stress response of dental plaque forming bacteria
Get PDFThe current work deals with the studies of isolation and characterization of oral biofilm forming bacteria. The major constituent of biofilm other than bacterial cells is the Extracellular Polymeric Slime matrix (EPS) which is secreted by the bacterial cells themselves. Physical properties of biofilms like attachment, mechanical strength, antibiotic resistance can be attributed to EPS matrix. In this study, attempts were made to study the stress response of bacteria isolated and their chemotactic response. Further attempts were made to characterize the EPS matrix by chemical as well as spectroscopic studies. The bacterial strains isolated were characterized to be Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus salivarius, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Bacillus subtilis by biochemical identification method. SEM micrographs taken confirmed the formation of biofilm. It was observed that cell attachment was maximum when glucose was used as the sole carbon source. Test for biofilm formation in presence of metal salts of Iron and Zinc showed moderate to high inhibition of film formation. The chemotaxis studies carried out in present work indicates the poor response of two strains towards fructose and sucrose. The EPS characterization result indicated the presence of a macromolecular complex constituting of carbohydrate, protein, lipids and nucleic acids
Combining EP4 Prostanoid Receptor Inhibition with Photothermal Therapy for Effective Treatment of Cervical Cancer
Get PDFDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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