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Importance of Knowledge of Mahasrotas (Gastrointestinal Tract) in the Development of Diseases
Get PDFJatharagni is the bio-fire present in the Jathara (gastrointestinal tract) and its main seat is grahani (duodenum), so called because it withholds the food for a certain period of time inside the stomach and small intestine to facilitate the digestion. Agni is responsible for the longevity, health, valour, ojas (essence of the dhatus), provides strength to remaining agni’s .i.e. bhutagni and dhatvagni. The strength of the grahani depends on status of Agni and the strength of Agni is dependent on status of grahani. When the Agni undergoes vitiation, grahani also gets vitiated and produces diseases and vice versa. Jatharagni is considered to be the chief agni among all agni’s because entry of food into the gastrointestinal tract stimulates agni as a result secretion, absorption, motor activity, growth and differentiation of the gut functions takes place normally. According to modern science these are all modulated by a combination of neuronal and hormonal factors. GI diseases are manifestations of alterations in nutrient assimilation or waste evacuation or in the activities supporting these main functions and all these functions depend on agni and doshas. Hence Ayurveda mentioned most of the diseases arise due to disturbed functions of agni.
Importance of Knowledge of Mahasrotas (Gastrointestinal Tract) in the Development of Diseases
No full textPhysiological Understanding of Medovaha Srotas in the Current Perspective
Get PDFSrota is a pathway (channel) that carries substances or energy from one place to another in the human body. Sushruta mentioned that the channels of circulation are present in intra-cellular, inter-cellular and extra cellular spaces of the human body. Acharya Charakaa has broadly described thirteen types of srotas, while Sushruta mentioned eleven pairs of srotas. Both Charakaa and Sushruta quoted medovaha srotas, which are self-explanatory to explicate the importance of medovaha srotas. According to Sushruta medovaha sroto-dushti (vitiation) lakshanas are sweda agaman (excessive sweating), snigdha angataa (oily appearance of the body), talu shosha (dryness of the palates), sthaulya (obesity), shophataa (edema) and pipasa (thirst). According to Charakaa, the vitiation of medovaha srotas will lead to prameha purvarupas. All these characters described by Sushruta are due to hyper- or hypo-secretions of epinephrine, norepinephrine, estrogen, leptin, insulin, androgens, growth hormone, ADH and aldosterone, thyroid hormone, glucagon, amylin, GIP, GLP-1, epinephrine, cortisol and insulin. From physiological point of view, all these characters either described by Charakaa or Sushruta seem to be the diseases or conditions related to hormonal imbalances
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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