1,720,981 research outputs found
Framing the loss: Preferences for vaccine hesitancy and gender effect in France and Italy
No full textUtilizing data from a randomized controlled trial conducted in France and Italy, we propose a seven-category classification system for vaccine behaviors to better investigate the instability of individual preferences in response to two different information framings of the adverse event of vaccine-related death in different languages—one more scientific and abstract, and the other more anecdotal and concrete. We find that loss-framed messages increase vaccine hesitancy in both France and Italy, with abstract framing contributing to a greater extent than concrete framing. The results also highlight significant gender effects. Contrary to previous studies, women exhibit less hesitancy than men. Furthermore, gender differences in reactions to the framing of the loss are revealed: reading the concrete framing, men become less willing to be vaccinated, whereas women become more hesitant with the abstract framing. To enhance vaccine acceptance, effective communication should consider how different loss-framed messages impact vaccine decision-making differently based on gender
A BEM approach to the evaluation of warping functions in the Saint Venant theory
Full text linkThe paper illustrates the numerical procedure, based upon a Boundary Element (BE) approach, developed to efficiently evaluate the warping functions in the Saint Venant theory of beam-like solids having both compact and thin-walled sections. Specifically, Chebyshev nodes are selected as collocation points of the BE formulation associated with the relevant pure Neumann problem and the entries of the resulting linear system of equations are evaluated analytically by invoking recursive formulas. Assuming a polynomial interpolation for the unknown function over each boundary element, we show that a reduction in the numerical accuracy of the solution is achieved if the polynomial degree exceeds a given order strictly related to the strategy adopted to discretize the boundary. For this reason, in order to automatically cope both with compact and thin-walled domains, a general criterion has been established for properly selecting the best combination of polynomial degree and edge discretization capable of reducing the numerical error of the procedure below a given tolerance
Smokers are different: The impact of price increases on smoking reduction and downtrading
No full textUsing data from an ad hoc survey conducted in July 2016 on Italian smokers’ habits, we investigate how different categories of smokers react to different types of price changes by means of latent class econometric analysis. While the previous literature focused on the effects of general price changes and overlooked substitution effects among brands, the present analysis unveils that the probability of reducing cigarette consumption is always higher for uniform rather than uneven price increases across brands. Moreover, downtrading to cheaper products is found to increase with the size of price changes, provided that these are uneven across brands. Finally, we provide a range for the implicit elasticity of cigarette demand. While being inelastic on average, it ranges between 0.2 and 0.9 depending on the smoker category. These findings have important implications for the design of both health and tax policies, as they provide new insights into the potential reactions of smokers to policy interventions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Shear properties of isotropic and homogeneous beam-like solids having arbitrary cross sections
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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