1,721,060 research outputs found
The ostracism and its consequences: A literature review
No full textOstracism is a negative and frequent social phenomenon in our daily relationships, see for example the different forms of bullying and mobbing. Because sociality and the need of belonging are basic human needs, when they are threatened by the ostracism, people experience pain and alienation with serious psychological consequences. Examining the studies in which the ostracism was manipulated through the Cyberball paradigm, the present review tries to provide an overview of the empirical evidence on the neuro-physiological, psychological - intrapersonal - and behavioral - interpersonal - consequences of ostracism, both from the perspective of those who are directly exposed to the ostracism and those who observe it
Sobre un tópico equivocado (las representaciones de las comedias de Plauto y Terencio en España a finales del siglo XV) y Celestina
No full text
NOCIRC of Italy: Scientific activities 2006-2009
No full textAs the majority of Italians are not circumcised, the knowledge of the various aspects of male circumcision (MC) is lacking. The waves of immigrants from Muslim countries presented various problems concerning ritual MC, among them the fact that an ambiguous legislation enabled fraudulent use of National Health Services (NHS) funding, as ritual MCs were falsely labelled as being therapeutic in order to have them performed for free under the NHS. To better understand MC in Italy, during the last three years, different graduation theses supervised by the author permitted the gathering of: (a) epidemiological data to update the first epidemiological survey on the topic, (b) the attitudes of 173 Italian urologists toward MC, that were assessed by means of a questionnaire during a national medical congress. A previous thesis allowed (c) the production of the questionnaire administered to these professionals and, finally, (d) interviews were carried out. They were performed in the 15 health facilities supposed to carry out ritual MC, in order to build a map of these facilities in Italy and to better understand the underlying motivations and implications. Data confirm the fact that MC in Italy exists as a delicate, underground, and multifaceted problem. It appears that, behind the scenes, not only unnecessary interventions are performed but also that legal violations are common
Vicarious ostracism: behavioral responses of women observing an ostracized gay man
Full text linkResearch on vicarious ostracism showed that people observing another person ostracized try to support him or her and punish the perpetrators. The current brief report investigated the effect of observing an ostracized or included gay man (vs. heterosexual man), among 87 Italian female university students. They firstly observed a first interaction game named Cyberball and then took part in a second Cyberball with the same fictitious players. The results confirmed our expectations, showing that they restored the social pain of the ostracized player more when he was gay than heterosexual, through more ball tosses. Limitations and future directions are discussed
Local university supply and distance. A welfare analysis with centralized and decentralized tuition fees
No full textWe consider a two-city model in which two university systems may occur: a centralized system in which a social planner sets the tuition fee and a decentralized system in which universities are free to set their own fees. Within these two systems we also analyze two further scenarios, one with only one university and another with one university in each city. Individuals with heterogeneous innate ability decide whether to go to university according to the average ability (peer group effect henceforth), a tuition fee and mobility costs, if any. In the centralized system, the welfare is maximized by opening two free-of-fees universities, one in each city. This maximizes university participation and eliminates the impediment of mobility costs. In the decentralized system, whether a single-university or a two-university system is more welfare enhancing depends on the mobility costs. When mobility costs are sufficiently low, then having only one university is welfare maximizing. When, instead, mobility costs are high, two universities result to be welfare enhancing
Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Parents: Examining the Antecedents of Parenting Ability Evaluation
No full textHostility toward same-sex parenting is widespread. Literature supports one persistent argument against same-sex parenting which focusses on the concern for children’s wellbeing, whereas lesbian and gay parents’ ability is sometimes evaluated positively. In particular, the belief that children need both a father and a mother impacts the evaluation that same-sex parents are unfit to raise well-adjusted children. The present research aimed to investigate linking mechanisms and conditional processes underlying the evaluation of same-sex parents’ ability. Cisgender heterosexual Italian participants (N = 320) read one of four vignettes describing a family situation–two types of same-sex (step)parents (i.e., lesbian and gay (step)parents) vs. two types of different-sex (step)parents (i.e., heterosexual (step)parents)–in which a child misbehaved in the context of a mild family disagreement. After reading the vignette, the participants rated parenting ability and to what extent the child’s misbehavior was attributable to the parenting relationship. Moderated-mediation analyses indicated that same-sex (step)parents were perceived as being less capable parents compared to different-sex (step)parents by giving them greater responsibility for the child’s misbehavior, among participants with medium and high levels of gender role beliefs. Implications for research on sexual discrimination are discussed
- …
