1,720,957 research outputs found
Thermal comfort, thermal stress factors and mitigating actions during the transport of pigs: Original title in French: "Confort thermique, facteurs de stress thermique et leviers d'action pendant le transport des porcs"
No full textThis report by the French Reference Centre for Animal Welfare (FRCAW) summarises the key points of the EFSA Opinion on the Welfare of Pigs during Transport (EFSA 2022b), and deals exclusively with information relating to thermal stress. The FRCAW report concentrates on three main areas. First, it details the physiological and behavioural mechanisms involved in the regulation of temperature in pigs. It then lists all those factors likely to generate heat stress in pigs during transport. Last, the FRCAW proposes a number of mitigating actions to improve the thermal comfort of the animals during the various stages of road transport: loading/unloading, transit, and journey breaks. The conclusion highlights the main points of the report and identifies directions for further research to 1) obtain an understanding of the thermal comfort conditions required by pigs (at all life stages) and 2) confirm that the suggested mitigating actions are appropriate
Thermal comfort, thermal stress factors and mitigating actions during the transport of cattle: Original title in French: "Confort thermique, facteurs de stress thermique et leviers d'action pendant le transport des bovins"
No full textThis report by the French Reference Centre for Animal Welfare (FRCAW) summarises the key points of the EFSA Opinion on the Welfare of Cattle during Transport (EFSA, 2022), and deals exclusively with information relating to thermal stress. This FRCAW report concentrates on three main areas. First, it details the physiological and behavioural mechanisms involved in the regulation of temperature in cattle. It then lists all those factors likely to generate heat stress in cattle during transport. Last, the FRCAW proposes a number of mitigating actions to improve the thermal comfort of animals during the various stages of road transport: loading/unloading, transit, and journey breaks. The conclusion highlights the main points of the report and identifies directions for further research to 1) obtain an improved understanding of the thermal comfort conditions required by cattle (at all life stages) and 2) confirm that the suggested mitigating actions are appropriate
Opinion of the FRCAW on the impact of the housing dimensions on cat welfare
No full textTo assist in its revision of the Order of 3 April 2014 laying down the animal health and protection rules that must be complied with in the course of activities related to domestic species companion animals, the Animal Welfare Office (BBEA) has asked the FRCAW to report on the consequences for cat welfare of the provision of accommodation, for both long-term occupation and short stays of 15 days or fewer, where the housing surface area is restricted to less than 2 m2 per cat, in comparison with the provision of a surface area of 2 m2 or more per cat. The report summarises the relevant fundamental features of cat ethology and addresses the BBEA’s question through five sub-questions that enable distinctions to be made between cats housed alone or in groups and between different lengths of stay. They also allow consideration of the effects of the provision of environmental features other than floor area, and of differences between the characteristics of individual cats.Increasing surface area, including vertical provision, contributes to a reduction in the stress experienced by cats in different contexts, particularly through the increased control it gives them over their surroundings, and the expression of greater behavioural variety it encourages. The report makes clear that it should be combined with other environmental factors (hiding places, complex three-dimensional spaces, access to the outdoors, regular interaction with humans). Although the findings in the literature do not offer an answer to the question precisely as posed, they all point to the same conclusion: reducing floor area to less than 2 m2 per cat reduces cat welfare in both the short and long term
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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