1,720,992 research outputs found
The optimum distribution of investments between two sectors — the results of simple empirical studies
No full textThe paper is composed of two parts. In the first, theoretical one, the author
presents the Leontief dynamic model and investigates the variants of the solution
of the problem of optimum distribution of investment between sectors in the
two-sector version of that model. The solution is obtained by means of the
Pontriagin maximum principle.
In the second, empirical part, the author presents the results of calculations
made on the basis of statistical data concerning Poland in the years 1965 - 1975.
The author critically evaluates economically unrealistic variants of solution which
postulat sudden "switches" in the distribution of investment between sectors. In
the author's opinion, fully realistic processes taking place in real economies are
characterized by "smooth" trajectories of investments and consumption. He shows
that if the rules of investments distribution between sectors resulting from that
solution had been applied in years 1965 -1975, a higher level of production of
means of production and similar level of production of consumption goods would
have been achieved.
The author indicates that in view of the above solutions the leading plans
of socio-economic development formulated on the highest level of authority should
cover longer periods than the five-year-ones.Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/201
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Macroeconomic problems of optimum control in the mathematical theory of growth
No full textThe work presents three tasks of optimum control of growth in a one-sector
economy with a two-factor function of production of Cobb and Douglas, differing
in assumptions on national income growth and consumption. Maximalization of
consumption in a fixed period of time serves as a growth criterion in the first
two tasks. In the third one the growth criterion being time necessary for the
economy to reach a target level of consumption goods production. A certain
group of conditions eliminating discontinuities („leaps") in the national income
distribution revealed in the solutions of the preceding tasks was introduced here.
On the marigin of the reached solutions, the author touches on certain general,
as it seems, regularities, which are ruling optimum processes of growth in the
long run.Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/201
Almost “very strong” multilane turnpike effect in a non-stationary Gale economy with a temporary von Neumann equilibrium and price constraints
Full text linkMathematical models of economic dynamics and growth are usually expressed in terms of differential equations/inclusions (in the case of continuous time) or difference equations/inclusions (if discrete time is assumed).3 This class of models includes von Neumann-Leontief-Gale type dynamic input-output models to which the paper refers. The paper focuses on the turnpike stability of optimal growth processes in a Gale non-stationary economy with discrete time in the neighbourhood of von Neumann dynamic equilibrium states (so-called growth equilibrium). The paper refers to Panek (2019, 2020) and shows an intermediate result between the strong and very strong turnpike theorem in the non-stationary Gale economy with changing technology assuming that the prices of temporary equilibrium in such an economy (so-called von Neumann prices) do not change rapidly. The aim of the paper is to bring mathematical proof that the introduction of these assumptions making the model more realistic does not change its asymptotic (turnpike-like) properties
Optimal growth processes in a non-stationary Gale economy with a multilane production turnpike
Full text linkThe topic of the paper is relevant in the field of optimal growth theory and therefore might be seen as an intellectual underpinning for research and practice in the field of transition economies and sustainable long-time development as well. It refers to the papers Panek (2015a, 2018) devoted to asymptotic properties of optimal growth properties in the non-stationary Gale type economy with single and multi-lane turn-pikes in which it was assumed that changing production technology converges in time with certain limits of technology. As far as the postulate of a non-stationary economy (here: technology change) is consistent with real processes, the hypothesis of the existence of some limiting technology may raise controversies and be difficult to verify
The minimal-time growth problem and turnpike effect in the stationary Gale economy
Full text linkIn mathematical economics there is a number of so called “turnpike theorems” proved mainly on the basis of multiproduct models of economic dynamics. According to these theorems, all optimal paths of economic growth over a long period of time converge to a certain path (turnpike) in which the economy achieves the highest growth rate while remaining in a specific dynamic (von Neumann) equilibrium. The article refers to this trend and presents some properties of optimal growth processes in the Gale-type model of the stationary economy when the quality criterion of growth processes is not the utility of production—which is normally postulated in the turnpike theory—but the time needed by the economy to achieve the desired final state, e.g. the level of production or production value. According to the author’s knowledge, the idea of using time as a criterion for growth in turnpike theory (especially in Gale-type economy) is innovative
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
On a certain version of the multilane turnpike theorem in Gale’s non-stationary economy
No full textW zdecydowanej większości prac poświęconych asymptotycznym (magistralnym) własnościom optymalnych procesów wzrostu w stacjonarnych gospodarkach typu Neumanna-Gale’a-Leontiefa obrazem geometrycznym magistrali jest pojedyncza półprosta, nazywana promieniem von Neumanna. Mimo że ani postulat stacjonarności,
ani jednoznaczności magistrali produkcyjnej nie są zgodne z obserwacją realnych procesów gospodarczych, lista publikacji poświęconych efektowi magistrali w niestacjonarnych gospodarkach Neumanna-Gale’a-Leontiefa (ze zmienną technologią) oraz wieloma magistralami jest znacznie skromniejsza. Należą do nich w szczególności prace Panka (2017, 2018), w których pojedyncza magistrala produkcyjna w niestacjonarnej gospodarce Gale’a jest zastąpiona przez wiązkę magistrali (magistralę wielopasmową). Artykuł nawiązuje bezpośrednio do publikacji Panka (2019), prezentującej dwa twierdzenia o magistrali, przy założeniu, że w niestacjonarnej gospodarce Gale’a optymalna
struktura produkcji w okresie t pozostaje optymalna także w przyszłości. Obecnie założenie to zostało znacznie osłabione.In the vast majority of papers concerning asymptotic (main) properties of the optimal growth processes in Neumann-Gale-Leontief’s stationary economies, the geometric image of a turnpike is expressed by a single ray, called von Neumann’s ray. Even though neither the postulate of stationariness nor unambigiousness of a production turnpike are consistent with the observations of real economic processes, the list of papers devoted to the effect of a multilane turnpike in Neumann-Gale-Leontief’s non-stationary economies (with changing technology and multiple lanes) is much more modest. These works include mainly papers by Panek (2017, 2018), where the author replaces a single production turnpike in Gale’s non-stationary economy with a multilane turnpike. This paper draws directly upon the author’s earlier work (Panek, 2019), where two turnpike theorems were presented. Both of them were based on the assumption significantly weakened by this paper – that in Gale’s non-stationary economy the optimal production structure in period t remains optimal also in the future
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