170,377 research outputs found
Semantically annotated hypermedia services
No full textHypermedia systems’ researchers investigate the various approaches in the way documents and resources are linked, navigated and stored in a distributed environment. Unfortunately, those systems fail to provide effortlessly usable discrete services, since it is difficult both to discover and to invoke any of them. This paper proposes the usage of emerging technologies that try to augment the Web resources with semantics in order to provide Hypermedia services that can be easily discovered, and integrated by potential third party developers. In this context, we analyze the benefits for the Hypermedia community upon the adoption of Semantic Web technologies for the description of Hypermedia services, and we implement an initial corresponding ontology
Biomechanics of Self-Ligation: Analysis of Forces and Moments Exerted by Self-ligating Brackets
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A lumped species approach for the simulation of secondary organic aerosol production from intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs): application to road transport in PMCAMx-iv (v1.0) (Geoscientific Model Development)
No full textSecondary organic aerosol (SOA) is formed in the atmosphere through the oxidation and condensation of organic compounds. Intermediate volatility compounds, compounds with effective saturation concentration (C*) at 298 K between 103 and 106 μg m-3, have high SOA yields and can be important SOA precursors. The first efforts to simulate IVOCs in chemical transport models (CTMs) used the volatility basis set (VBS), a highly parametrized scheme that oversimplifies their chemistry. In this work we propose a more detailed approach for simulating IVOCs in CTMs, treating them as lumped species that retain their chemical characteristics. Specifically, we introduce four new lumped species representing large alkanes, two lumped species representing polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and one species representing large aromatics, all in the IVOC range. We estimate IVOC emissions from road transport using existing estimates of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and emission factors of individual IVOCs from experimental studies. Over the European domain, for the simulated period of May 2008, estimated IVOC emissions from road transport were about 21 Mmol d-1, a factor of 8 higher than emissions used in previous VBS applications. The IVOC emissions from diesel vehicles were significantly higher than those from gasoline ones. SOA yields under low-NOx and high-NOx conditions for the lumped IVOC species were estimated based on recent smog chamber studies. Large cyclic alkane compounds have both high yields and high emissions, making them an important, yet understudied, class of IVOCs.Manavi, S. E. I. and Pandis, S. N.: A lumped species approach for the simulation of secondary organic aerosol production from intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs): application to road transport in PMCAMx-iv (v1.0), Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7731–7749, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7731-2022, 202
Forces and moments on posterior teeth generated by incisor intrusion biomechanics
No full textTo cite this article: Sifakakis I, Pandis N, Makou M, Eliades T, Bourauel C: Forces and moments on posterior teeth generated by incisor intrusion biomechanics Orthod Craniofac Res 2009;12:305-311 Structured AbstractAuthors - Sifakakis I, Pandis N, Makou M, Eliades T, Bourauel C Objectives - To comparatively evaluate the extrusive forces and torquing moments on the posterior dentition generated during anterior intrusion with different intrusion techniques in the maxillary and mandibular dental arch. Material and Methods - Seven wire specimens were used for each of the following intrusive arches: Utility arch 0.016 × 0.016′ Blue Elgiloy®, Utility arch 0.017 × 0.025′ TMA® and Burstone Intrusion arch 0.017 × 0.025′ TMA®. The wires were inserted on bracketed dental arches constructed on maxillary Frasaco models, segmented mesially to the maxillary canines. Simulated intrusion from 0.0-3.0 mm was performed on the Orthodontic Measurement and Simulation System (OMSS). The forces and moments were recorded in all three planes of space at 0.1 mm increments and the values at 3.0 mm for all wires were used for all statistical evaluations. The data were analyzed, separately for the forces and moments, by means of two-way analysis of variance (anova) with forces and moments serving as the dependent variables and intrusion technique and jaw (maxilla or mandible) as the independent variable. Post hoc multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey test at.05 error rate. Results - The 0.016 × 0.016′ Blue Elgiloy® utility arch exerted the highest posterior extrusive forces, 15% higher than the 0.017 × 0.025′ TMA® utility and 40% higher in comparison with the 0.017 × 0.025′ TMA® Burstone intrusion arch.The lowest posterior moment in the saggital plane was generated by the 0.017 × 0.025′ TMA ® Burstone intrusion arch. The 0.016 × 0.016′ Blue Elgiloy® utility arch exerted 15% higher posterior moments and the 0.017 × 0.025′ TMA® utility 25% higher. Forces and moments were consistently larger for the mandible compared to the maxilla for the same intrusion technique. Conclusions - The upper Burstone 0.017 × 0.025′ TMA® intrusion arch exerted the lowest forces/moments on posterior teeth. The highest forces were generated by the 0.016 × 0.016-inch Blue Elgiloy® utility arch and the highest moments by the lower 0.017 × 0.025-inch TMA® utility arch. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S
Most recommended medical interventions reach P<0.005 for their primary outcomes in meta-analyses
No full textBackground: It has been proposed that the threshold of statistical significance should shift from P-value < 0.05 to P-value < 0.005, but there is concern that this move may dismiss effective, useful interventions. We aimed to assess how often medical interventions are recommended although their evidence in meta-analyses of randomized trials lies between P-value = 0.05 and P-value = 0.005.
Methods: We included Cochrane systematic reviews (SRs) published from 1 January 2013 to 30 June 2014 that had at least one meta-analysis with GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) assessment and at least one primary outcome having favourable results for efficacy at P-value < 0.05. Only comparisons of randomized trials between active versus no treatment/placebo were included. We then assessed the respective UpToDate recommendations for clinical practice from 22 May 2018 to 5 October 2018 and recorded how many treatments were recommended and what were the P-values in their meta-analysis evidence. The primary analysis was based on the first-listed outcomes.
Results: Of 608 screened SRs with GRADE assessment, 113 SRs were eligible, including 143 comparisons of which 128 comparisons had first-listed primary outcomes with UpToDate coverage. Altogether, 60% (58/97) of interventions with P-values < 0.005 for their evidence were recommended versus 32% (10/31) of those with P-value 0.005-0.05. Therefore, most (58/68, 85.2%) of the recommended interventions had P-values < 0.005 for the first-listed primary outcome. Of the 10 exceptions, 4 had other primary outcomes with P-values < 0.005 and another 4 had additional extensive evidence for similar indications that would allow extrapolation for practice recommendations.
Conclusions: Few interventions are recommended without their evidence from meta-analyses of randomized trials reaching P-value < 0.005.
Keywords: P-value; Cochrane; UpToDate; meta-analysis; recommendation; statistical threshold
Cortical sources of resting state electroencephalographic rhythms in Parkinson's disease related dementia and Alzheimer's disease
No full textA Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
- …
