823 research outputs found
Decision Support System (DSS) for Manufacturing Engineering of Cans Rolling
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2025.Decision Support Systems (DSS) can help factory workers in the decision-making step of multiple tasks. In digital factories, these systems make use of data towards a human-centered manufacturing. Rolling of large and thick plates into cans is a common practice in the metal forming industry to fabricate pipes or tanks. The process is adjusted by trial and error with a high level of operator intervention. Furthermore, only a small number of cans are identical. The objective of this work is to prescribe, by means of a DSS, the process parameters to be applied by the operator in the machine to optimize the can fabrication. The development of the DSS involved several steps, including firstly signal preprocessing and classification and then data extraction, aggregation, and regression in a multi-stage prediction framework. A significant use of domain knowledge for a data-centric solution contributes to the quality of the recommendations and the ability to organize and transfer know-how among operators.Peer reviewe
Validation of the German Revised Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination for Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment, Mild Dementia in Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
No full textBackground/Aims: The diagnostic accuracy of the German version of the revised Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE-R) in identifying mild cognitive impairment (MCI), mild dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild dementia in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) in comparison with the conventional Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was assessed. Methods: The study encompasses 76 cognitively healthy elderly individuals, 75 patients with MCI, 56 with AD and 22 with FTLD. ACE-R and MMSE were validated against an expert diagnosis based on a comprehensive diagnostic procedure. Statistical analysis was performed using the receiver operating characteristic method and regression analyses. Results: The optimal cut-off score for the ACE-R for detecting MCI, AD, and FTLD was 86/87, 82/83 and 83/84, respectively. ACE-R was superior to MMSE only in the detection of patients with FTLD {[}area under the curve (AUC): 0.97 vs. 0.92], whilst the accuracy of the two instruments did not differ in identifying MCI and AD. The ratio of the scores of the memory ACE-R subtest to verbal fluency subtest contributed significantly to the discrimination between AD and FTLD (optimal cut-off score: 2.30/2.31, AUC: 0.77), whereas the MMSE and ACE-R total scores did not. Conclusion: The German ACE-R is superior to the most commonly employed MMSE in detecting mild dementia in FTLD and in the differential diagnosis between AD and FTLD. Thus it might serve as a valuable instrument as part of a comprehensive diagnostic workup in specialist centres/clinics contributing to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the cause of dementia. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Base
Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing II
No full textThis open access book reports on recent developments of artificial intelligence applications in the manufacturing industry. Gathering contributions to the second European Symposium on Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing, held on October 16, 2024, in Athens, Greece, it reports on machine learning, deep learning and generative AI models for process monitoring, optimization, and control, flexible and precise industrial robots, human-robot collaboration, data management and information technologies, digital twins, data augmentation and synthetic data. Giving a special emphasis to the integration of artificial intelligence in manufacturing systems, automation and processes, this book offers a timely and practice-oriented guide to a multidisciplinary audience of engineering researchers, system developers, AI scientists and industrial managers
Effect of corrosion-induced hydrogen embrittlement and its degradation impact on tensile properties and fracture toughness of (Al-Cu-Mg) 2024 alloy
No full textAbstractIn the present work, the effect of artificial ageing of AA2024-T3 on the tensile mechanical properties and fracture toughness degradation due to corrosion exposure will be investigated. Tensile and fracture toughness specimens were artificially aged to tempers that correspond to Under-Ageing (UA), Peak-Ageing (PA) and Over-Ageing (OA) conditions and then were subsequently exposed to exfoliation corrosion environment. The corrosion exposure time was selected to be the least possible according to the experimental work of Alexopoulos et al. (2016) so as to avoid the formation of large surface pits, trying to simulate the hydrogen embrittlement degradation only. The mechanical test results show that minimum corrosion-induced decrease in elongation at fracture was achieved for the peak-ageing condition, while maximum was noticed at the under-ageing and over-ageing conditions. Yield stress decrease due to corrosion is less sensitive to tempering; fracture toughness decrease was sensitive to ageing heat treatment thus proving that the S΄ particles play a significant role on the corrosion-induced degradation
Advances in Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing II
No full textThis open access book reports on recent developments of artificial intelligence applications in the manufacturing industry. Gathering contributions to the second European Symposium on Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing, held on October 16, 2024, in Athens, Greece, it reports on machine learning, deep learning and generative AI models for process monitoring, optimization, and control, flexible and precise industrial robots, human-robot collaboration, data management and information technologies, digital twins, data augmentation and synthetic data. Giving a special emphasis to the integration of artificial intelligence in manufacturing systems, automation and processes, this book offers a timely and practice-oriented guide to a multidisciplinary audience of engineering researchers, system developers, AI scientists and industrial managers
Short-term influence of elevation of plasma homocysteine levels on cognitive function in young healthy adults
No full textBackground Acute homocysteine elevation has been shown to have a significant impact on cognitive function in animal models. Objectives Investigation of the short-term impact of elevation of plasma homocysteine levels through a dietary intervention on cognitive abilities of young healthy adults. Participants 100 healthy medical students of both genders were enrolled in the study. Design and Measurements Homocysteine levels and cognitive abilities were measured at 08:30 (before breakfast) and at 15:00 (two hours after lunch and six hours after breakfast). Food intake was restricted to specified comestibles. The cognitive assessment comprised a version of the Short Test for General Intelligence, three subtests of the Syndrome Short Test and the Stroop test. Results At 15:00 plasma homocysteine was significantly elevated in 56 participants (P0.05) and the direction of the changes did not differ between them. Accordingly, the multiple linear regression analysis did not reveal an important influence of homocysteine elevation on cognitive performance variations. Conclusions Significant increase of plasma homocysteine is not associated with a straightforward inhibitory or facilitatory short-term effect on physiological cognitive parameters in young healthy adults
Influence of brain-derived neurotrophic-factor and apolipoprotein E genetic variants on hippocampal volume and memory performance in healthy young adults
No full textThe Liturgical Book of the Oktoechos. Function, Forms, and Manuscript Tradition
No full textThis chapter offers a detailed investigation into the liturgical book known as the Oktoechos within the Byzantine tradition, focusing on its function, structure, and manuscript history. The Author clarifies the multiple meanings of the term "oktoechos" in Byzantine sources, distinguishing between the musical eight-mode system, the weekly liturgical cycle, and the book itself. The study explores the evolution of the Oktoechos from its early roots in the Jerusalem liturgical tradition, particularly through Georgian and Greek sources such as the Old and New Tropologion. The work highlights the interplay between the Oktoechos and other liturgical books like the Menaion, Triodion, and Pentekostarion, and traces the contribution of major hymnographers including John of Damascus and Andrew of Crete. Special attention is given to terminological ambiguities, manuscript variants, and regional adaptations. Overall, the chapter presents a nuanced reconstruction of the development and standardization of this central Byzantine liturgical book
AI Based Solutions for Manufacturing Mass Customization
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2025.This paper analyses how to solve the challenges in the implementation of Mass Customization in manufacturing using Artificial Intelligence agents/services/tools. Considering that humans alone cannot cope with mass customization due to the huge amount of information, it is required AI based solutions that help humans to take decisions. We consider that those AI based solutions must communicate with other AI based solutions in order to obtain a holistic improvement (this is the Multi Agent System concept). More in detail, this paper addresses how to solve the challenges identified when AI based agents use external data coming from outside the company, so a Data Space to guaranteeing a secure data transaction and data ownership and sovereignty is required. This paper presents the solutions implemented in several projects to address the challenges created by the requirements on a-the implementation and scalability of AI based solutions in Manufacturing, b-for the implementation of multi-Agent AI-based systems and for c-implementing Data Spaces.Peer reviewe
THE CONCEPT OF DECLASSIFYING DISABILITIES IN LIFE AND THE PERSPECTIVE INVOLVING NEW TECHNOLOGIES: TRIBUTION TO THE TEACHER AND WRITER KOSTAS CHRISTAKIS
No full textIn the context of a tribute to the author and pedagogist Kostas Christakis, this paper discusses issues of special education concerning the inclusive education of children with difficulties, with emphasis on de-categorization, de-ageing, and the perspective of New Technologies (NT). The following text is the product of an immersion in his publications, particularly his two-volume academic book (2011), 'The Education of Children with Special Difficulties - Introduction to Special Education,' which is used by students in Greek universities. De-categorization and de-ageing examine the difficulties of individuals in the context of inclusive education. The purpose of this paper is to highlight contemporary and timeless pedagogical issues of concern to the educational community, such as the understanding of diversity. The conclusions, according to the literature review, emphasize the necessity of de-categorization and de-ageing and their implications for New Technologies (NT). Article visualizations
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