2,447,771 research outputs found
Labour pain: the hidden influences of anxiety and social deprivation
Full text linkNo abstract available
A comprehensive categorical and bibliometric analysis of published research articles on pediatric pain from 1975 to 2010
Full text linkThe field of pediatric pain research began in the mid-1970s and has undergone significant growth and development in recent years as evidenced by the variety of books, conferences, and journals on the topic and also the number of disciplines engaged in work in this area. Using categorical and bibliometric meta-trend analysis, this study offers a synthesis of research on pediatric pain published between 1975 and 2010 in peer-reviewed journals. Abstracts from 4256 articles, retrieved from Web of Science, were coded across 4 categories: article type, article topic, type and age of participants, and pain stimulus. The affiliation of the first author and number of citations were also gathered. The results suggest a significant increase in the number of publications over the time period investigated, with 96% of the included articles published since 1990 and most research being multiauthored publications in pain-focused journals. First authors were most often from the United States and affiliated with a medical department. Most studies were original research articles; the most frequent topics were pain characterization (39.86%), pain intervention (37.49%), and pain assessment (25.00%). Clinical samples were most frequent, with participants most often characterized as children (6-12 years) or adolescents (13-18 years) experiencing chronic or acute pain. The findings provide a comprehensive overview of contributions in the field of pediatric pain research over 35 years and offers recommendations for future research in the area. © 2015 International Association for the Study of Pain
Attention focus, trait anxiety, and pain perception in patients undergoing colposcopy
No full textFew studies have compared the relative efficacy of attention-focus strategies in reducing clinical pain. Colposcopy, a medical diagnostic examination performed to identify premalignant cervical cell changes, elicits both anxiety and pain in patients, while allowing little or no behavioural control over the event. Employing a multi-group experimental design, the present study sought to investigate how different types of attention-focus strategies impacted upon pain perception, state anxiety, and affect, in a sample of 123 colposcopy patients. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: sensory focusing, active distraction, and undirected control. Psychometric measures of pre-colposcopy pain expectancy and dispositional trait anxiety were also taken, in order to assess whether these factors further contributed to outcomes. Overall, when controlling for pain expectancy and trait anxiety, self-reported pain intensity, sensory pain, and affective pain did not differ across groups. Further, there were no significant between-groups differences in colposcopy-related state anxiety or affect. However, pre-colposcopy psychometric measures were found to be predictive of a range of outcomes. Pre-colposcopy pain expectancy, but not trait anxiety, was found to be positively related to colposcopy-related pain. It was further demonstrated that heightened state anxiety following colposcopy was due to experienced pain and pain unpleasantness, rather than to aspects of the pre-colposcopy prediction of pain. The results have implications for management of acute clinical pain
'I think positivity breeds positivity': a qualitative exploration of the role of family members in supporting those with chronic musculoskeletal pain to stay at work
Full text linkBackground: It is proposed that family members are important sources of support in helping those with chronic musculoskeletal pain to remain at work, but the phenomenon remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to examine the extent and nature of support provided by family members in this respect.
Methods: Qualitative data were collected from workers and their ‘significant others’ spouses/partners/close family members) in two un-related studies focused on working with pain; one conducted in the United Kingdom (n = 10 dyads) and one in the Netherlands (n = 21 dyads). Thematic analysis techniques were applied to both sets of data independently, and findings were then assimilated to establish common themes.
Results: Findings were broadly similar in both studies. Workers acknowledged significant other support in helping them to manage their pain and remain at work, and their descriptions of the type of support provided and required were echoed by their significant others. Three common themes were identified - ‘connectivity’, ‘activity’ and ‘positivity’. Worker and significant other responses were largely congruent, but significant others provided more in-depth information on the nature of their support, their concerns and the impact on their relationship.
Conclusions: This research presents novel insights about the specific contribution made by significant others in helping their relatives with chronic musculoskeletal pain to stay at work. These findings add to the under-represented ‘social’ dimension of the biopsychosocial model currently applied to our understanding and treatment of pain, and point to harnessing support from significant others as a potentially effective management strategy
Declaration of Montréal: declaration that access to pain management is a fundamental human right
No full textAt the conclusion of the 13th World Congress on Pain in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) hosted an International Pain Summit on September 3, 2010, to address the tragedy of unrelieved pain in the world. At the conclusion of the Summit, the delegates adopted a Declaration that Access to Pain Management is a Fundamental Human Right. That Declaration is presented
Innovation in Pain Management
No full textThe transcript of a Witness Seminar held by the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, London, on 12 December 2002.First published by the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, 2004.©The Trustee of the Wellcome Trust, London, 2004.All volumes are freely available online at: www.history.qmul.ac.uk/research/modbiomed/wellcome_witnesses/.Annotated and edited transcript of a Witness Seminar held on 12 December 2002. Introduction by Dr Christina Faull; edited interview with Professor Patrick Wall.Annotated and edited transcript of a Witness Seminar held on 12 December 2002. Introduction by Dr Christina Faull; edited interview with Professor Patrick Wall.Annotated and edited transcript of a Witness Seminar held on 12 December 2002. Introduction by Dr Christina Faull; edited interview with Professor Patrick Wall.Annotated and edited transcript of a Witness Seminar held on 12 December 2002. Introduction by Dr Christina Faull; edited interview with Professor Patrick Wall.Annotated and edited transcript of a Witness Seminar held on 12 December 2002. Introduction by Dr Christina Faull; edited interview with Professor Patrick Wall.Annotated and edited transcript of a Witness Seminar held on 12 December 2002. Introduction by Dr Christina Faull; edited interview with Professor Patrick Wall.Unrelieved pain caused by cancer is experienced by more than 5 million people worldwide, and over the past 50 years has been accepted as unnecessary by both clinicians and politicians. Major innovations in the understanding of pain and our ability to treat it have been made. This Witness Seminar, chaired by Professor David Clark, describes the development of pain clinics, the introduction of the hospice in Britain, and global implementation of innovative technologies for cancer pain relief and advances in research during the latter part of the twentieth century. International health planners argue that the outstanding challenge is to put this knowledge into practice in healthcare settings around the world, often where resources are limited. Reynolds L A, Tansey E M. (eds) (2004) Innovation in pain management, Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine, vol. 21. London: The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL.The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London is funded by the Wellcome Trust,which is a registered charity, no. 210183
The effectiveness of an acceptance and commitment therapy self-help intervention for chronic pain
No full textObjective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an Acceptance Commitment Therapy based self-help book for people with chronic pain.
Method: This was a randomized 2 group study design. Over a 6-week period, 6 participants read the self-help book and completed exercises from it with weekly telephone support whereas 8 others formed a wait-list control group. Subsequently, 5 of the wait-list participants completed the intervention. Participants completed preintervention and postintervention questionnaires for acceptance, values illness, quality of life, satisfaction with life, depression, anxiety, and pain. Initial outcome data were collected for 8 control participants and 6 intervention participants. Including the wait-list controls, a total of 11 participants completed preintervention and postintervention measures. Whilst completing the self-help intervention, each week participants' rated the content of the book according to reading level and usefulness, and their comprehension of the content was also assessed.
Results: Compared with controls, participants who completed the book showed improved quality of life and decreased anxiety. When data from all the treatment participants were pooled, those who completed the intervention showed statistically significant improvements (with large effect sizes) for acceptance, quality of life, satisfaction with life, and values illness. Medium effect sizes were found for improvements in pain ratings.
Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that using the self-help book, with minimal therapist contact adds value to the lives of people who experience chronic pain
Introduction to Advancing Practice in Pain Management
No full textThis book showcases the development and evaluation of innovative examples of pain management initiatives by advanced practitioners. It considers each service development or community initiative both in terms of advanced practice nursing and pain management. There is a wide range of examples of innovation in pain management included - from the introduction of ketamine use in one trust, to wider issues around meeting the needs of pain management in the community.\ud
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The book considers issues including use of research, education and interprofessional working in the advanced practitioner role. Each chapter looks at development of the service, challenges of implementation, evaluation of the service's success and justifying the importance of the advanced nurse in the service's achievements
Accelerated aging in adults with knee osteoarthritis pain: consideration for frequency, intensity, time, and total pain sites
Full text linkabstract: Introduction: Individuals with osteoarthritis (OA) show increased morbidity and mortality. Telomere length, a measure of cellular aging, predicts increased morbidity and mortality. Telomeres shorten with persisting biological and psychosocial stress. Living with chronic OA pain is stressful. Previous research exploring telomere length in people with OA has produced inconsistent results. Considering pain severity may clarify the relationship between OA and telomeres.
Objectives: We hypothesized that individuals with high OA chronic pain severity would have shorter telomeres than those with no or low chronic pain severity.
Methods: One hundred thirty-six adults, ages 45 to 85 years old, with and without symptomatic knee OA were included in the analysis. Peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length was measured, and demographic, clinical, and functional data were collected. Participants were categorized into 5 pain severity groups based on an additive index of frequency, intensity, time or duration, and total number of pain sites (FITT). Covariates included age, sex, race or ethnicity, study site, and knee pain status.
Results: The no or low chronic pain severity group had significantly longer telomeres compared with the high pain severity group, P50.025. A significant chronic pain severity dose response emerged for telomere length, P50.034. The FITT chronic pain severity index was highly correlated with the clinical and functional OA pain measures. However, individual clinical and functional measures were not associated with telomere length.
Conclusion: Results demonstrate accelerated cellular aging with high knee OA chronic pain severity and provide evidence for the potential utility of the FITT chronic pain severity index in capturing the biological burden of chronic pain.The final version of this article, as published in PAIN Reports, can be viewed online at: https://insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=01938936-201706000-0000
Prognostic Factors for Successful Percutaneous Disc Decompression Using the Navigable Device L'DISQ™ in Patients with Lumbar Discogenic Pain
Full text linkBackground: The navigable percutaneous disc decompression (PDD) device L'DISQ is an effective and safe option for the treatment of lumbar discogenic pain. However, few studies have evaluated the prognostic factors of successful PDD using this device.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors associated with the successful outcome of PDD using the L'DISQ for treating lumbar discogenic pain by following up patients before and one, 2, 3, and 6 months after the procedure.
Study design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: Tertiary university hospital.
Methods: A successful outcome was defined as a >= 50% reduction in the numeric rating scale scores for pain and a >= 40% reduction in the Oswestry Disability Index scores at 6 months after the procedure. Clinical parameters and patient demographics, including pain duration, history of surgery, number of treatment levels, and the radiographic findings of lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were also examined.
Results: Of the 106 patients included, 80 (75.5%) had successful outcomes at 6 months. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of high-intensity zones (HIZs) (P = 0.016) was an independent positive predictor of successful PDD outcomes; conversely, migration of the herniated disc (P = 0.017) and bilaterally herniated discs (P = 0.001) were negative predictors.
Limitations: The limitations of this study were its retrospective design, absence of a control group, and difficulty in predicting the effect when multiple levels were involved because of the use of MRI characteristics of the disc as a predictor.
Conclusions: The presence of HIZs, the absence of migration of herniated discs, and the presence of unilaterally herniated discs are positive predictors of successful outcomes of PDD using the L'DISQ.ope
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