1,720,971 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
FORAGERS AND COLLECTORS IN THE ARCHAIC AND WOODLAND PERIODS: LITHIC EVIDENCE FROM LAKE HUDSON, MAYES COUNTY
Get PDFThe archaeological record in northeastern Oklahoma has been infrequently plumbed for evidence regarding the timing and pace of the hunter-gatherer change from mostly “Forager” strategies to mostly “Collector” behavior. The best current evidence suggests that by 1,000 C.E. the populations of the region had adopted sedentary farming as a major subsistence regime. However intriguing indirect evidence of changes in hunting practices, complex subsistence strategies, and increasing sedentism has been noted for populations in the vicinity of Lake Hudson, in Mayes County. Analysis of stone projectile points has the potential to increase the resolution of our understanding of incipient residential sedentism in the region. Contemporaneous Archaic and Woodland components from four sites in the vicinity of Lake Hudson contain a projectile point assemblage ranging from the Early Archaic to the Terminal Late Woodland. In this thesis research I evaluate the extent to which these projectile points exhibit criteria associated with a shift from highly residentially mobile forager hunting and gathering subsistence to a more sedentary collector logistical strategy.
A research sample of Archaic and Woodland Period projectile points from these four sites was analyzed using morphological metrics analyses. The results of these analyses were statistically examined in search of correlations indicating of a shift in technological organization matching the increasing adoption of more sedentary Collector subsistence activity during the period in question. This research concluded that the lithic analysis produced inconclusive results that did not match the manufacturing and curation expectations set forth in the Forager-Collector subsistence and land-use model
Biomolecular Preservation in Dental Calculus from the Teotihuacan Ritual Landscape
Get PDFThe advent of high-throughput sequencing techniques has yielded a wealth of genomic information about the human oral microbiome. This research has expanded with the direct sequencing of DNA from dental calculus (calcified dental plaque) from archaeological material. Archaeological dental calculus is a biomineral that contains remnants of the oral (subgingival) microbiome. While preserved DNA in dental calculus has been characterized from a number of archaeological contexts, similar research in Mesoamerica is needed. This study aims to provide empirical data about biomolecular preservation in Mesoamerican dental calculus by performing DNA sequencing on dental calculus recovered from the Plaza of the Columns Complex and the Moon Pyramid, two archaeological contexts at Teotihuacan. DNA was extracted using a modified Dabney et al. (2013) protocol. The extracts were built into high-throughput (Illumina) shotgun sequencing libraries. Quality filtered sequences were analyzed to evaluate overall DNA preservation (microbial and host), and characterize microbial community profiles. While the samples selected from the Moon Pyramid (n=3) showed strong evidence of post-depositional environmental contamination, a well-preserved microbial community was identified from the Plaza of the Columns sample (n=1). Therefore, this thesis suggests the recovery of biomolecules from a Mesoamerican context varies within a site and that dental calculus is susceptible to taphonomic processes
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Cuyamungue Black-on-tan: Establishing Diversity in Tewa Pueblo Biscuitware to Improve Dating of the Protohistoric Period in Northern New Mexico
Get PDFResearchers know that during the Late Classic period (A.D. 1500-1598) Tewa Pueblo people living in the Lower Chama watershed started moving southeast towards the Rio Grande, a process that eventually lead to the depopulation of the valley. However, archaeologists are still unsure of why and when Tewa people started to depopulate the Chama. There are several explanations researchers use to explain why Tewa people started leaving the area that date to a specific time of Tewa history between the Late Classic period and Historic period (1598-1760). The explanations range from environmental instability in the Late Classic period (Towner and Salzer 2013), the spread of European diseases (Ramenofsky 1988), or the increased demands of Athapaskan raiding (Hammond and Rey 1953:1059) and Spanish colonial policies of population concentration (Wozniak 1992) during the Historic period. One way to address this challenge of understanding why Tewa people started moving south is to better date the later occupation of sites in the region. In this thesis I argue that a way to improve the dating Late Classic period sites in the Lower Chama watershed is to analyze the abundant and locally-produced biscuitware ceramics to better resolve the Tewa ceramic typology.
There are two accepted biscuitware types, Abiquiu Black-on-gray (Biscuit A) and Bandelier Black-on-gray (Biscuit B), with wide chronological dates. In this study I evaluated Harlow’s (1973) observations to investigate if there is an identifiable third and later type, Cuyamungue Black-on-tan (Biscuit C), that would allow researchers better address these chronological issues in the region. Harlow (1973) argued Late Classic period (A.D. 1500-1598) biscuitwares have taller rims, a tanner slip, and thinner
walls than the preceding Abiquiu Black-on-gray and Bandelier Black-on-gray. In this study, I evaluated Harlow’s (1973) observations about changing biscuitware forms during the Classic period at the site of Sapa’owingeh (LA 306), by analyzing 2,519 sherds from across the village. Based on this analysis there were statistically significant differences in the rim height, slip color, and wall thickness that support Harlow’s Cuyamungue Black-on-tan type. Additionally, I found statistically significant differences between types in the presence of firing cores, the shapes of rims, the correlation of banding lines to rim height, and the presence of mica in the slips of biscuitwares. Therefore, Cuyamungue Black-on-tan is a type that researchers can use to refine dating of Late Classic period sites in the Northern Rio Grande, which will help archaeologists to improve our understanding of why Tewa people started leaving the region during the Late Classic period. Understanding when and why Tewa people left the Chama has implications for the way that researchers understand Tewa connections to the Lower Chama watershed, and dealt with the many pressures of Spanish contact and colonization
Interpreting Land-Use During the Late Paleoindian Bull Creek Occupation on the Southern Plains
Get PDFThe Bull Creek late Paleoindian archaeological site (34BV176), located along a tributary of the Beaver River in the Oklahoma Panhandle, is among the few known earliest human occupation sites on the Southern Plains. Located less than 2 kilometers (0.75 miles) away is the contemporaneous Ravenscroft site (34BV198), where investigations have revealed two arroyos containing the remains of at least five separate, large-scale bison hunting events. By applying catchment analysis to the faunal, lithic, and botanical data acquired through excavation at the sites and integrating those results with data on temporality, a land-use model applicable to late Paleoindian occupants of the Bull Creek valley is constructed. This preliminary model outlines their subsistence and settlement strategies and situates them within the surrounding landscape. Utilization of the landscape approach offers a comprehensive and humanizing way of interpreting the late Paleoindian archaeological record in the Bull Creek valley
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