1,721,012 research outputs found
Sundby Kirkegård
No full textIn this project we use hermeneutical analysis to inform the developmental process that is to be enacted on Sundby Kirkegård. Utilising ethnographic fieldwork, this project seeks to create a vivid picture of the Sense of Place inherent to Sundby Kirkegård in its current form, reflect on the history of the locale, and lastly create a series of developmental options that are rooted within the sense of place described, and the historical character of the neighbourhood
The welfare city in transition; Housing development in Copenhagen 1990's-now
No full textThis essay is written as part of a project-oriented internship at Copenhagen Architecture Festival (CAFx). Each year, the festival explores and presents ideas on the relation between the architectural world and human life through a broad public program, in collaboration with various institutions and (inter)national partners. The theme of this years’ festival is ‘The Welfare City in Transition’. Architecture and urban planning were central elements in the foundation of the welfare city with ideals of healthy, socially conscious and productive capitalist futures inscribed across housing design, planning strategies and infrastructure projects. Today however, the welfare city is under pressure due to the current crises our cities are facing. Central issues to these crises are unaffordability, social exclusion, and the demand to respond to the climate crisis.In this essay, it is studied how the welfare city has transformed in terms of housing development in Copenhagen in the past 30 years. By analysing literature regarding (1) the history of the Danish welfare state, (2) notions of liveability and ‘the good life’ and (3) housing development in Copenhagen, it is investigated how the transition of the welfare city has occurred. In each section the literature is elaborately described, whereafter it is concluded what is left of the principles of the welfare state today. The purpose of this essay is to gain further insight in the housing development of Copenhagen, and how this has developed over the years. The Danish welfare state found its origin in the post-war decades after an increase of welfare and population growth, leading to a rapid development of the built environment. After the economic crisis in the mid-1970s, the national government started investing to stimulate the development of Copenhagen. The globalization of commercial property markets, in line with the inter-urban mentality of the 1990s and 2000s, led to an increase in foreign direct investments. When the public sector started embracing these private enterprises, the market economy took hold; Copenhagen saw record increases in housing prices and entire populations groups were being pushed out of the city. This was followed by municipalities started changing their housing policies, in order to develop the social and economic conditions that were desired. Furthermore, the municipality started privatizing their housing stock and investing in urban renewal. This led to further gentrification processes in neighbourhoods around Copenhagen. Eventually, this resulted in the liveability discussion of today. Copenhagen has been using concepts of liveability and ‘the creative city’ to attract even more investors and capital, leading to a further neoliberal restructuring of the urban development. We can conclude that during the past 30 years, the welfare city has changed remarkably. The welfare city has taken a turn from a social, community- and project-oriented identity towards a more market-oriented identity. While the post-war welfare city was primarily planned and managed by the state and municipalities, it is now dominated by private capital involved in urban development. To deal with the challenges this entails, we need to regulate the current housing development. This can be achieved with alternatives to the formal architecture and planning processes. From a top-down perspective, the current housing policies might need to be restructured. Furthermore, exchange and dialogue across disciplines are fundamental for the development of strategies that can identify and formulate new approaches. In this way, ideologies of the welfare city can be revitalized, helping to take on the challenges in architecture and urban planning in the late modern era
Transit-oriented development and gentrification in Copenhagen
No full textGentrification is a common point of discussion in cities, both in the Global North and South.Various studies are referring to transit oriented development (TOD) as a factor that could belinked to this phenomena. In Copenhagen, a 35,9 km metro system is developed as a part ofthe strategy to boost the city's image and attract investment. With the first two metro linesoperating for almost two decades, there are considerations related to their impact onneighbourhood development and gentrification processes. In this study, we analyse the effect ofthe construction of a new metro station on the social and economic situation in theneighbourhood of Amagerbro in Copenhagen. First, we review the relevant theory ongentrification, its causes and the studies that verify or disprove a relation between TOD andgentrification. Then, we examine the historical background that led to the decision ofconstructing a metro. Afterwards, we analyse demographic data about housing and populationin Copenhagen and we scrutinise some of the municipal planning documents. Finally, weexamine our knowledge through different interviews with experts and shop owners. Our findingsshow some relations between TOD and gentrification. However, it is not easy to prove a definitecausal relation, since there are multiple factors to gentrification and the phenomena occurs at amore universal level around the city. In order to study the phenomena to a greater extent,suggestions for further research in other neighbourhoods are given
Large-scale development in Mimersgadekvarteret
No full textThis master thesis examines which economic and planning trends formed the framework for the development of Mimersgadekvarteret. The thesis investigates how these trends were manifested on Den Røde Plads and what consequences this had for the residents’ socio-economic composition. Copenhagen has undergone a transformation from an industrial city to a city of knowledge. There-fore, the city has had to reinvent itself. The study confirms, based on Swyngedouw's theory of ne-oliberal urban development, that the purpose has been to attract large companies and create eco-nomic growth. Therefore, the City of Copenhagen's ambition with the development of Mim-ersgadekvarteret has been to make it popular and attractive for investors. In a public / private col-laboration with Fonden Realdania, the City of Copenhagen has carried out a large-scale develop-ment in the neighborhood. Here, the focus has been on the public urban space. Three major pro-jects have been completed. Mimersparken, Nørrebrohallen and Superkilen. But it is not enough to do large-scale development in order to achieve success and economic growth. The projects must also become popular. Therefore, Den Røde Plads in Superkilen has been studied to analyze what it takes to create a good and attractive public urban space. The study is based on Gehl's twelve quali-ty-criteria for a well-functioning urban space. The criteria are divided into three subcategories, Protection, Comfort and Glory. It turns out that the City of Copenhagen has adopted many of Geh-l's criteria and used them as policies for the development of public urban spaces in Copenhagen. Therefore, Den Røde Plads lives up to most of Gehl's criteria. Den Røde Plads has achieved great success and is very popular. The place is used mainly by young people and families. The huge in-vestments in the neighborhood have been made in order to make the area more popular, which has affected the housing prices. This has been investigated using Smith's theory about rent gaps and gentrification. Before the development of Mimersgadekvarteret was initiated, the neighborhood was unattractive and worn, and there was a big rent gap. After the project was completed, invest-ments were made in the properties and housing prices were raised. The rent gap was closed, and the area was gentrified. This does not align with the City of Copenhagen's ambitions to be a city for everyone. The poor people who lived in the neighborhood before the gentrification could po-tentially not afford to live there anymore. At the same time, the City of Copenhagen supported the sale of non-profit apartments in the area, which means that there will be less affordable housing. The analysis indicates that the City of Copenhagen's financial interests regarding the attraction of companies and increased growth has greater significance than being a city for everyone.<br/
Designed Urban Greens - A critical study of the experience of the High Line Park and Under the Crystal
No full textRecent examples of designed urban greens have changed the aesthetic language of green spaces within cities. Known as super natural, these designs do not look like na- ture. Rather, they integrate natural processes into design. By adopting a dual ontol- ogy encompassing phenomenology and vitalist philosophy, I argue it is possible to understand experience and immanence of these spaces. I present three arguments: Firstly, the experiences of designed urban greens are part of everyday meaning- making, providing people with a pause, potentially inspiring and adding value to their everyday life. Secondly, designers and planners acknowledge this potential but still demonstrate a disconnect between their intentions and actual experiences. Thirdly, this disconnect results in exclusive spaces that are not co-creative and open-ended as professed. I conclude that the designed urban greens under scrutiny, point in possible directions for future spatial design, but in their current form are experientially limiting.Recent examples of designed urban greens have changed the aesthetic language of green spaces within cities. Known as super natural, these designs do not look like na- ture. Rather, they integrate natural processes into design. By adopting a dual ontol- ogy encompassing phenomenology and vitalist philosophy, I argue it is possible to understand experience and immanence of these spaces. I present three arguments: Firstly, the experiences of designed urban greens are part of everyday meaning- making, providing people with a pause, potentially inspiring and adding value to their everyday life. Secondly, designers and planners acknowledge this potential but still demonstrate a disconnect between their intentions and actual experiences. Thirdly, this disconnect results in exclusive spaces that are not co-creative and open-ended as professed. I conclude that the designed urban greens under scrutiny, point in possible directions for future spatial design, but in their current form are experientially limiting
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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