1,721,069 research outputs found
The Predator Pit: Management of Lions (Panthera leo) in South African Reserves
No full textFaculty Advisor: Craig PackerThis research was supported by the Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP).Lafky, Victoria; Huebner, Sarah; Packer, Craig. (2019). The Predator Pit: Management of Lions (Panthera leo) in South African Reserves. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/203065
Data supporting Reactive anti-predator behavioral strategy shaped by predator characteristics
No full textSee readmeLarge mammalian herbivores use a diverse array of strategies to survive predator encounters including flight, grouping, vigilance, warning signals, and fitness indicators. While anti-predator strategies appear to be driven by specific predator traits, no prior studies have rigorously evaluated whether predator hunting characteristics predict reactive anti-predator responses. We experimentally investigated behavioral decisions made by free-ranging impala, wildebeest, and zebra during encounters with model predators with different functional traits. Here, we provide data from 365 trials between the focal herbivore species and models of African lion (Panthera leo), spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), African wild dog (Lycaon pictus), and two non-threatening controls (impala Aepyceros melampus and Thomson's gazelle Eudorcas thomsonii).National Science Foundation: GRFP #00039202, PRFB #1810586Palmer, Meredith S; Packer, Craig. (2021). Data supporting Reactive anti-predator behavioral strategy shaped by predator characteristics. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://doi.org/10.13020/8RKP-K493
Desert-adapted lions on communal land
Full text linkThough subsistence pastoralism is the primary land-use throughout much of Africa, lions (Panthera leo) living outside protected areas are largely overlooked in discussions of pan-African lion conservation. In northwest Namibia, a unique population of desert-adapted lions has grown by > 400% over the past twenty years. This growth has primarily taken-place upon communal conservancy land. Human-caused lion mortality following human-lion conflict (HLC) is now the primary direct threat to the persistence of these lions. HLC exacerbates challenges faced by pastoralists from an ongoing drought. Our survey is the first-ever attempt to quantitatively and qualitatively examine local pastoralists' perceptions of the desert-adapted lions and the impacts of living with lions in northwest Namibia. Results show that losses, due to drought and lions, are differentiated by livestock species and that the magnitude of livestock losses during the drought has been exacerbated by predation. Respondents in different conservancies reported different levels of hostility towards lions. Across all conservancies, though 83.9% do not benefit from living with lions, 75.9% state that it is important to continue to share communal land with lions. We discuss the cultural and livelihood effects of livestock losses as well as the implications of balancing the costs and benefits of living with lions for lion conservation.Heydinger, John M.; Packer, Craig; Tsaneb, Jendery. (2019). Desert-adapted lions on communal land. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, 10.1016/j.biocon.2019.06.003
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The use of contraceptive techniques in managed wild African lion (Panthera leo) populations to mimic open system cub recruitment
Full text linkArticle and Supplementary MaterialMcEvoy, Orla K.; Miller, Susan M.; Beets, Warren; Bodasing, Tarik; Borrego, Natalia; Burger, André; Courtenay, Brian; Ferreira, Sam; Hanekom, Cathariné; Hofmeyr, Markus; Packer, Craig; Robertson, Dave; Stratford, Ken; Slotow, Rob. (2019). The use of contraceptive techniques in managed wild African lion (Panthera leo) populations to mimic open system cub recruitment. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, 10.1071/WR18079
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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