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    Long-term evaluation of the effect of quetiapine on hallucinations, delusions and motor function in advanced Parkinson disease.

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    Mental disorders (MDs) are disabling complications of Parkinson disease (PD). We set out to demonstrate the short- and long-term efficacy of quetiapine, an antipsychotic drug, in controlling hallucinations and delusions in parkinsonian patients without worsening their motor function. Since current guidelines recommend that dopaminergic drugs be decreased or even withdrawn altogether upon the appearance of MDs, we also sought to establish whether quetiapine enables a modification of this common course of action, and hence improve the management of pre-existing motor complications in affected subjects. METHOD: Thirty-five PD patients with disabling MDs were enrolled in this open-label study. Motor function, MDs and cognitive state were evaluated before starting quetiapine therapy and after 1, 3, and 12 months of treatment. RESULTS: MDs significantly improved after 1, 3, and 12 months of quetiapine treatment. At the end of the study the mean daily dose of quetiapine (185 mg) did not produce significant changes in motor or cognitive function. Isolated hallucinations responded to low doses of quetiapine (110 mg daily), while delusions needed 265 mg daily. After 12 months, global dopaminergic therapy was reduced in 3 patients, modified (purely in terms of its components) in 17 patients, and increased in 15 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Quetiapine was effective in the treatment of hallucinations and delusions in PD. It did not worsen motor functions and allowed the dopaminergic treatment in PD patients affected by MDs to be managed safely

    Influence of L-5-HT with and without carbidopa on plasma -endorphin and pain reflex in man.

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    Studio clinico-farmacologico su serotonina con o senza carbidopa sui riflessi del dolore nel volontario san

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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