122,273 research outputs found
BEYOND HBIM: SERIOUS GAMES AND PROCEDURAL MODELLING FOR HERITAGE DISSEMINATION
No full textIn the study of built heritage, the potential offered by the BIM methodology finds effective application in the knowledge and dissemination process. Today, the HBIM methodology often develops from 3D scanning point clouds with the so-called Scan-to-BIM processes. The complexity that often characterizes the architectural elements of the historical heritage and the lack of information on construction details and geometries, constitute a critical factor that sometimes affects the effectiveness of the application of the BIM methodology. Procedural methods define an approach that can help us when it is necessary to use external modelling tools for the local modelling of complex elements. Algorithmic modelling potentially could significantly reduce the investment normally required in digital content modelling operations, also in terms of time consuming. Furthermore, in procedural modelling, the definition of the detail can be calibrated a priori according to the objectives of the workflow. The research addresses the difficult management of point clouds in workflows aimed at the realization of the so-called serious games, tools that have proved invaluable in educational and teaching processes, as well as in the dissemination and promotion of heritage. Involving a remarkable variety of digital instruments for representation, serious games define a research topic in which the different needs related to the representation of the complexity of the objects can be investigated. Aimed at defining an effective development process for serious games, the paper proposes an HBIM workflow for reconstruction of 3D environments of historic buildings starting from laser scanning surveying approach
Petits métiers du transport à Maroua (Cameroun)
No full textPaba Salé Mahamat. Petits métiers du transport à Maroua (Cameroun). In: Cahiers d'outre-mer. N° 137 - 35e année, Janvier-mars 1982. pp. 77-85
Newly Synthesized Compound, PABA-Ursodeoxycholic Acid, for Evaluation of Intestinal Bacteria
No full textFrom the standpoint of utilizing a distinctive feature of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and intestinal bile acid metabolism, a conjugate of ursodeoxycholic acid with PABA (PABA-UDCA) was newly synthesized for studying whether it can be a good material or not to evaluate enteric bacteria. In incubation experiment, this compound was reasonably deconjugated by cholylglycine hydrolase resulting in the release of PABA. In animal experiment, urinary excretions of PABA were determined during six hours following oral administration of 10 mg PABA-UDCA. Control rats (n=7) excreted 140.1 ± 59.5 μ,g (mean ± SD) of PABA. By contrast, the rats (n=9) with intestinal antisepsis by antibiotic administration excreted less (18.3 ± 16. 7 μg; P < 0.001) whereas those with intestinal bacterial overgrowth by making enteric blind loop excreted more (451.1 ± 223.6 μg; P < 0.01). These observations indicate that this new compound is likely to offer a simple and rapid method for evaluation of the intestinal microorganisms
Integrated digital survey for the knowledge and enhancement of the IIWW heritage. The natural Park Molentargius-Saline (Cagliari, Italy)
No full textThe essay illustrates the choices aimed at building a digital database of military architectures made in Sardinia during the Second World War.
It is a constructive stylistic repertoire characterized by an interesting historical-cultural and landscape value composed by more than 1.500 artifacts positioned along the coast of the island and designed to protect the major urban centers and areas of strategic interest.
The small bunkers built adapting the precise models designed by the Italian and German Military Genius gave rise to an interesting repertoire.
The need for mimesis in the landscape of these 'sentries' has in fact required an adaptation to the places of the typological solutions indicated in the archive documents. A possible recovery and enhancement of this heritage necessarily passes through an activity of knowledge and cataloging entrusted to integrated digital survey methods
Photolysis and Cellular Toxicity of the Organic Ultraviolet Filter Chemical Octyl Dimethyl Para-Aminobenzoic Acid (OD-PABA) and its Photoproducts
No full textOrganic ultraviolet filter chemicals (UVFCs) are the active ingredients used in many sunscreens to protect the skin from UV light. These chemicals have been found in numerous aquatic environments, leading to concerns about how they might affect aquatic organisms and humans. UVFCs have also been known to penetrate the skin and act as endocrine-disrupting compounds. Many personal care products like lip balms and makeups contain the UVFC octyl dimethyl para-aminobenzoic acid (OD-PABA), also known as Padimate O. Upon exposure to UV light, OD-PABA degrades into numerous photoproducts. Some of these photoproducts have been previously identified, whereas others have not. Furthermore, the cellular toxicity of OD-PABA and its photoproducts are not well-established. In this study, we have isolated and characterized the major products of OD-PABA photolysis. We have also determined the cellular toxicities of OD-PABA and some of its isolated photoproducts to mammalian cells in vitro. It was found that OD-PABA is toxic to mammalian cells at micromolar concentrations, which are relevant to current human usage. Additionally, the OD-PABA complete photolysate was shown to exhibit higher toxicity than that of the parent compound itself; photoproduct IV had comparable toxicity to OD-PABA. As OD-PABA is a commonly used UVFC, results from this study provide us with an enhanced understanding of OD-PABA photolysis and its potential human and environmental health effects, which will allow us to better evaluate the suitability of this UVFC as a sunscreen agent
The pab1 gene of Coprinus cinereus encodes a bifunctional protein for para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) synthesis: implications for the evolution of fused PABA synthases
No full textThe pab1 gene of the basidiomycete Coprinus cinereus encodes PABA synthase, necessary for para-aminobenzoic acid production. The C. cinereus protein is bifunctional with an N-terminal glutamine amidotransferase domain and a C-terminal chorismate amination domain. In most bacteria, these two functions are encoded in separate genes (e.g., pabA and pabB of E coli). Fused PABA synthases have so far been detected in actinomycetes, Plasmodium falciparum, fungi and Arabidopsis thaliana. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the fused PAB sequences form a tight group that also includes uncharacterized PabB homologues from several bacteria. Unfused bacterial PabA proteins group with the glutamine amidotransferase subunits of bacterial anthranilate synthases, independent of organismal systematics, indicating a complex and perhaps independent evolutionary origin. In contrast, unfused PabB group and fused PabA/B proteins form a monophyletic group on a branch separate from the chorismate amination subunits of anthranilate synthases, probably reflecting a need for recognition of different positions in the common substrate chorismate
Improved specificity of the PABA test with p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS)
No full textUntil now use of the PABA test together with [14C] PABA to calculate the PABA excretion index has probably been the best adaptation suggested to enhance the specificity of this non-invasive pancreatic function test. Drawbacks of the method are the application of radioactivity, the fact that children, pregnant women, and patients with renal insufficiency have to be excluded from the test, and the possible interference of drugs and isotopes. We propose simultaneous administration of p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) in the PABA test and quantification of the urinary PABA and PAS excretion with liquid chromatography. Urinary PABA and PAS excretion in six hours are comparable (69.5 +/- 8.4% and 65.6 +/- 18.4% respectively in five healthy volunteers). Application of the PABA/PAS ratio was compared with the urinary PABA excretion in 21 normal controls, 38 patients with pancreatic disease, and 42 patients without pancreatic pathology. The PABA/PAS ratio and the per cent PABA excretion correlated very well in pancreatic patients: (PABA/PAS ratio) = 0.0149 (% PABA) + 0.052 (r = 0.902). Use of the PABA/PAS ratio enhanced the specificity of the test from 76 to 89
Further evidence for the influence of intraduodenal pH on the PABA test
No full textThe effect of prior administration of 400 mg of cimetidine on the outcome of the PABA test was investigated. In 8 patients the PABA test result rose with on average 27.5% after the administration of cimetidine. Four of them were selected for these investigations, because a much lower PABA test result had been obtained than was expected from the Lundh test result. In one patient, the low PABA test result was in conflict with faecal fat excretion and the clinical condition. Three patients were selected with severe pancreatic dysfunction, as demonstrated by the PABA test, Lundh test and faecal fat excretion. The change effected by cimetidine was shown to be significantly related to duodenal pH and mean trypsin activity as measured in the Lundh test. In a control group of four patients with a PABA test result in the normal range, no significant effect of cimetidine administration was seen. The beneficial effect of cimetidine can be explained by its known inhibiting influence on gastric acid production, resulting in higher intraduodenal pH with subsequent enhanced enzymatic activity. The importance of intraduodenal pH for the PABA test result is further stressed by these result
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI KOMPLEKS Fe(II) DENGAN PARA-AMINOBENZOIC ACID (PABA) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI
No full textSINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI KOMPLEKS Fe(II) DENGAN PARA-AMINOBENZOIC ACID (PABA) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI ANISYA LISDIANA Jurusan Kimia. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Sebelas Maret ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara sintesis, karakteristik, perkiraan struktur kompleks Fe(II)-PABA. Kompleks disintesis dengan cara mencampurkan FeSO4.7H2O dan ligan p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) pada perbandingan mol logam dan mol ligan 1:6 dalam pelarut metanol serta diaduk selama tiga jam. Terbentuknya kompleks ditandai oleh adanya perubahan warna dan pergeseran panjang gelombang maksimum ke arah yang lebih kecil. Berdasar kadar Fe dalam kompleks diperkirakan bahwa formula kompleks Fe3(PABA)6.nH2O (n=2 dan 3). Hasil analisis TG/DTA menunjukkan adanya pengurangan massa yang setara dengan dua molekul H2O. Daya hantar listrik larutan kompleks menunjukkan perbandingan muatan kation dan anion dalam kompleks adalah 2:1. Formula kompleks diperkirakan Fe2[Fe(PABA)6].2H2O. Spektra elektronik menunjukkan satu puncak serapan pada 272 nm yang merupakan transisi Ligand to Metal Charge Transfer (LMCT). Kompleks bersifat paramagnetik dengan μeff sebesar 4,81±0,07 BM mengindikasikan kompleks bergeometri oktahedral. Data spektra IR mengindikasikan gugus fungsi -NH2 pada PABA terkoordinasi pada atom pusat Fe(II). Ion Fe(II) dari FeSO4, ligan PABA dan kompleks Fe2[Fe(PABA)6].2H2O menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S.Aureus (gram positif) dan E.Coli (gram negatif). PABA yang terkoordinasi pada Fe(II) menunjukkan sifat antibakteri yang sinergis terhadap S.aureus dan E.coli. Kata kunci : antibakteri, kompleks Fe2[Fe(PABA)6].2H2O, oktahedral, paramagneti
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