1,720,962 research outputs found
Multi-modality for All. Tecniche di sottotitolazione e trascrizione automatica in approccio human-centered.
Full text linkIl crescente utilizzo delle captions automatiche solleva le questioni 1) dell’affidabilità di questi strumenti nel sostenere i meccanismi di decodifica e la comprensione del linguaggio nei parlanti di inglese L2 e 2) i potenziali effetti degli errori su questi processi. La letteratura esistente ha mostrato come l’utilizzo di features grafiche nel testo delle captions (ad es., parole colorate) che mostrino il grado di sicurezza dei sistemi ASR nella loro trascrizione aumenta il grado di affidabilità nelle trascrizioni automatiche dell'utente.
Questa tesi dottorale riporta i risultati di tre studi. Il primo studio ha esaminato le abitudini degli studenti universitari (ITA L1, ENG L2) nell'utilizzo di vari tipi di sottotitoli per favorire la decodifica e la comprensione della L2, nonché le loro opinioni sull'uso delle captions automatiche durante le lezioni accademiche tenute in inglese. Il secondo studio ha valutato le prestazioni di un sistema ASR analizzando trascrizioni provenienti da contesti reali e ha valutato l'affidabilità dei valori di confidence per creare un set di elementi grafici (schemi di colori) che indichino agli utenti la probabilità di correttezza delle parole nelle captions automatiche. Il terzo studio mirava a valutare 1) gli effetti sulla comprensione delle captions automatiche in contesto accademico e 2) l'impatto degli elementi grafici nelle captions automatiche sulla comprensione nei parlanti di inglese L2, nonché l'utilità di tali elementi grafici. Sebbene i diversi tipi di features grafiche sperimentali non abbiano influenzato la comprensione dei contenuti, i partecipanti hanno riferito di aver trovato la presenza di errori nelle captions distraente, riducendo così l'utilità delle captions stesse.The growing availability of automatically generated (ASR) captions raises the question of whether these systems can be immediately assumed to be helpful in aiding speech processing and content comprehension in L2 speakers of English or whether the presence of errors harms these processes. Previous research has shown that providing graphical cues in the text of captions (e.g., colored words) about the confidence levels of ASR systems can enhance user reliability in automatic transcriptions.
Intending to expand the existing literature on the topic, this doctoral thesis reports on the results of three studies. Study 1 examined the habits of university students (L1 Italian, L2 speakers of English) in using audiovisual translation products to aid speech processing and content comprehension when watching audiovisual products in their L2, as well as their views on the use of automatic captions during academic lectures delivered in English. Study 2 assessed the performance of an ASR system by analyzing transcripts from real-world contexts and evaluated the reliability of confidence scores in building a set of graphical (color-coded) features indicating to users the probability of correctness of the words in the automatic captions. Study 3 aimed to assess 1) the effects of ASR-generated captions in an academic setting and 2) the impact of the graphical features in the automatic captions on L2 speakers' content comprehension, as well as the helpfulness of these graphical features. While the different sets of experimental graphical features did not affect overall content comprehension, participants reported that they found the presence of errors in the captions challenging and distracting, thus reducing the utility of having the supporting text
Preliminary Results of a Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Cardiometabolic Effects of Levothyroxine and Liothyronine Compared to Levothyroxine with Placebo in Athyreotic Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer Patients.
No full textBackground: Evidence is needed on the risks and benefits of combination therapy with levothyroxine (LT4)+liothyronine (LT3) for the treatment of hypothyroidism. Objective and Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study to assess the effects of LT4+LT3 therapy versus LT4+placebo in a homogeneous group of athyreotic patients, without cardiovascular risk factors during long-term replacement monotherapy with LT4. The primary objective of the study was to assess the effects of combination LT4+LT3 therapy on heart rate, cardiac rhythm, and sensitive cardiovascular parameters of cardiac morphology and function by means of electrocardiography and Doppler echocardiography. The secondary objective of the study was to evaluate patient compliance, tolerability, and potential adverse events. Results: Thirty-eight patients with postsurgical hypothyroidism satisfying the inclusion criteria were selected from a group of 300 patients with low-risk thyroid cancer followed for a routine follow-up; they were randomized to receive LT4+LT3 or LT4+placebo. Twenty-four patients were evaluated after 1 year of treatment. All clinical and laboratory parameters were compared with the results obtained from 50 healthy euthyroid volunteers without comorbidities, matched for gender, age, physical activity, and lifestyle. Participants and clinicians remained blinded to the treatment allocation. After 1 year of combination therapy, a significant improvement in the diastolic function, evidenced by a significant reduction in the E/e' ratio (p = 0.046) and its positive trend over time, was observed in the LT4+LT3 group versus the LT4+placebo group. In addition, the univariate analyses showed a significant relationship between free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels (in pg/mL) with Δ of variation of the E/e' ratio in the LT4+LT3 group (standardized β coefficient = 0.603 [confidence interval: 0.001-1.248], p = 0.050) after combination therapy. No adverse events including tachycardia, arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, or other important events occurred between the first administration and the end of the study. Conclusions: In this preliminary report, combination treatment with LT4+LT3 induced favorable changes in cardiovascular parameters of diastolic function without any adverse cardiovascular events. Trial Registration: EUDRACT number: 2017-001261-25
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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