1,721,016 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Epidemiological studies on primary inoculum of Venturia inaequalis and V. asperata for apple scab management
Full text linkApple scab, caused by the ascomycete Venturia inaequalis, is the most important disease of apple, causing great losses worldwide. Its management is largely based on fungicide treatments, especially targeting ascosporic infections. To reduce the pesticide input, sanitation practices against overwintering inoculum, decision support systems for an optimal timing of treatments, and resistant cultivars can be used. However, reducing pesticide pressure increases the risk of emerging new and/or secondary pathogens. This is the case of V. asperata that was isolated on cultivars resistant to V. inaequalis and already reported in several regions of Italy and France. It causes atypical scab-spots on fruit and leaves. Limited information is available on the epidemiology of V. asperata. The specific objectives of the thesis were: i) to set up a method of reducing the overwintering inoculum of apple scab by irrigating overwintering leaves on the ground in dry days, ii) to understand the aerial dispersal of ascospores with the under-canopy irrigation, and iii) to identify the conditions of maturation of pseudothecia and ascospore discharge of V. asperata. The effect of irrigation was evaluated comparing irrigated and non-irrigated leaf litter. Irrigation in dry days induced the release of a noticeable amount of ascospores of V. inaequalis under conditions unsuitable for infection, thus reducing the inoculum during rainy days. In mean of all trials, the ascosporic inoculum was reduced by approx. 50% in irrigated plots. In addition, irrigation caused an earlier depletion of the ascospore supply. Field trials were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of irrigation in reducing scab in untreated and fungicide-treated plots. By the end of the primary season, the overall incidence of infected leaves and fruit in untreated and fungicide-treated plots had decreased by more than 50%. To understand the aerial dispersal of ascospores of V. inaequalis with under-canopy irrigation, rotating-arm spore traps were placed at heights, ranging from 0.3 m to 3.0 m above the ground. Irrigation was carried out above overwintered apple leaves infected with scab in two different situations, i.e., in a wind-protected enclosure and under real orchard conditions. Ascospores were found to disperse above the irrigated layer, with more spores detected above the sprinklers than below. Based on these results, since ascospores could settle on susceptible apple tissues, it is essential to ensure a rain-free period of at least 24 hours post-irrigation to prevent scab infections. The primary infection season of V. asperata was studied by comparing the development of pseudothecia and ascospore discharge to V. inaequalis in overwintered leaf litters. Venturia asperata showed a delay in pseudothecial maturation and emptying in relation to degree days accumulation, compared to V. inaequalis. The time of spore release for V. asperata was postponed compared to V. inaequalis. The delayed spore ejection and pseudothecial development of V. asperata, in comparison with V. inaequalis, could partly explain the late appearance of symptoms during the growing season in the orchards. In conclusion, targeted irrigation could represent a sustainable and easily applicable method to reduce the incidence of apple scab, and consequently to reduce the number of treatments or increasing their efficacy. Further research on epidemiology of V. asperata is necessary to find the optimal weather conditions for ascospore discharge and for primary and secondary infections, as well as its latency period. Future breeding programs for apple should also take into consideration resistance against V. asperat
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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