1,354,141 research outputs found
Culture of skeletal muscle cells in unprecedented proximity to a gold surface
No full textCulturing of skeletal muscle cells on conductive surfaces is required to develop electronic device-muscle junctions for tissue engineering and medical applications. We characterized from a molecular and morphological point of view myogenic cells cultured on gold and on cysteamine-coated gold, as compared to the standard plastic for cell culture. Our results show that cell proliferation and survival are comparable between cells grown on either of the gold surface or plastic. The majority of the cells cultured on gold surfaces retain the ability to respond to differentiation cues, as shown by nuclear translocation of myogenin. Following terminal differentiation, the myotubes cultured on cysteamine-coated gold resemble myotube cultures obtained on plastic for the size and orientation of the myotube bundles retaining most of myosin expression; on the contrary, the myotube cultures on gold show a clumped morphology, likely due to repulsive cell-substratum interaction resulting in aberrant differentiation. On the basis of the aforementioned evidences, the culture of muscle cells on cysteamine-coated gold represents an advance with respect to previously reported substrata. The cysteamine self-assembled monolayer coating is a simple approach to accomplish cultures of myotubes in unprecedented tight proximity to conductive surfaces. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Kappa-light chain predominance in serum and cerebrospinal-fluid from human-immunodeficiency-virus type-1 (HIV-1)-infected patients
No full textWe measured kappa/lambda light chain ratios of Ig and IgG in 41 serum and 34 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 47 patients at different chemical stages of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and in serum and CSF samples from control subjects. Both ratios were more elevated in HIV-1 seropositive subjects than controls. The elevation was more evident in samples from asymptomatic seropositive patients (ASP) than those from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In addition, there was a statistically significant elevation of Ig kappa/lambda ratios in ASP CSF compared to serum. We also delineated the light chain composition of oligoclonal IgG bands (OCB) by isoelectric focusing followed by immunofixation in CSF and serum samples from selected ASP and patients with AIDS who had neurological involvement. Five of six AIDS and all seven ASP samples had IgG OCB exclusively or predominantly of the kappa type. Four IgG OCB of the lambda type and one free lambda chain band were seen in CSF from a pediatric AIDS patient. The presence of an abnormally elevated kappa/lambda ratio correlated with the presence of IgG kappa OCB (p < 0.02). We conclude that HIV-1 infection is associated with a kappa light chain predominance and with OCB mainly composed of kappa light chains
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
VIBRATION DAMPING SYSTEM FOR A ROLLING MILL WITH FIRST AND SECOND PASSIVE HYDRAULIC ELEMENTS
No full textThe present application relates to a vibration damping system for a rolling mill comprising a rolling cage and a bending adjustment system of the rollers comprising hydraulic actuators acting on the rollers and hydraulic circuits for feeding, and hydraulic damping means of a force connected to the hydraulic circuits for actuating a damping effect by means of the hydraulic actuators. The hydraulic damping
means comprises a pair of hydraulic pumps or a pair of hydraulic cylinders with a dual chamber, connected in an opposite direction to each other to the hydraulic circuits
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Static magnetic fields enhance skeletal muscle differentiation in vitro by improving myoblast alignment
No full textOligoclonal IgG bands in cerebrospinal fluid and serum during asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection.
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