1,720,974 research outputs found
Seismic assessment and retrofitting of existing railway bridges
No full textThe earthquake response analysis of typical existing bridges for high speed railway was carried out through linear and nonlinear dynamic analyses using refined finite element three-dimensional lumped-plasticity models and multiple component ground motions. The seismic vulnerability of such bridges was assessed through local and global response quantities. The retrofitting scheme adopted to augment the earthquake performance of the sample bridge structures is the base isolation system comprising either lead rubber bearings or steel dampers. The present analytical study investigates and compares the response of such isolation devices. The outcomes of the numerical analyses proved that the use of base isolation systems lowered significantly the seismic demand, especially on the bridge piers and the foundation systems. Hysteretic metallic devices were found more suitable for the seismic isolation of railway bridges. Additionally, the need to comply with the serviceability requirements is found to be more stringent for the base isolation system in the design of retrofitting schemes for railway bridges than the fulfillment of the ultimate limit state. Further work is ongoing to account for the nonlinear modeling of the rail on the global response of base isolated railway bridges under multiple earthquake component
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Soil-Structure Interaction by 3D finite element analyses
No full textIn recent years the development of more and more advanced design softwares, able to take into account complex aspects in structural modelling, allows the interaction between the structure and the foundation soil to be properly modelled. Soil-structure interaction is certainly a typical subject but, nevertheless, still new in its applicative aspects. Further studies are necessary for converting the research highlights in practical tools for routine structural analysis. Dynamic soil–structure interaction problems can be treated in different ways; the main distinction is between direct and the substructure approaches. In this work, the F.E. software DIANA (TNO, Delft) has been adopted to solve SSI problems. Soil has been modeled as a 3D elastic medium, discretized by eight-node solid brick elements. In the first stage of the modeling, it was necessary to evaluate the proper sizes of the soil volume to be included in the F.E. model and of the mesh elements. Validation of the developed F.E. model was carried out by comparing the impedances obtained from DIANA analyses to the values provided in literature for shallow foundations. In the final part, the paper illustrates an application of the above procedure on a real building, the Bell Tower of S. Maria del Carmine Church in Na-ples, representative of many other masonry towers present in Italy and vulnerable to seismic loads
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Soil-structure interaction: the case study of a masonry tower
No full textIn recent years the development of more and more advanced design softwares, able to take into account complex aspects in structural modelling, allows the interaction between the structure and the foundation soil to be properly modelled. Soil-structure interaction is certainly a typical subject but, nevertheless, still new in its applicative aspects. Further studies are necessary for converting the research highlights in practical tools for routine structural analysis. Dynamic soil-structure interaction problems can be treated in different ways; the main distinction is between direct and the substructure approaches. In thiswork, the F.E. software DIANA(TNO, Delft) has been adopted to solve SSI problems. Soil has been modeled as a 3D elastic medium, discretized by eight-node solid brick elements. In the first stage of the modeling, it was necessary to evaluate the proper sizes of the soil volume to be included in the F.E. model and of the mesh elements. Validation of the developed F.E. model was carried out by comparing the impedances obtained from DIANA analyses to the values provided in literature for shallow foundations. In the final part, the paper illustrates an application of the above procedure on a real building, the Bell Tower of S. Maria del Carmine Church in Naples, representative of many other masonry towers present in Italy and vulnerable to seismic load
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