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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
PERBANDINGAN LENDUTAN ANTARA ANALISIS METODE ELEMEN HINGGA DENGAN PENGUJIAN BALOK LENGKUNG PADA BERBAGAI VARIASI MUTU BETON
No full textLendutan merupakan peralihan suatu titik ke titik lain secara vertikal pada suatu
balok akibat beban. Penelitian ini membandingkan lendutan antara hasil pengujian
laboratorium dan hasil analisisi metode elemen hingga pada balok lengkung. Pada
pengujian laboratorium balok lengkung diberi beban dengan menggunakan dongkrak
pembebanan hidrolik dan pengukuran lendutan dilakukan dengan membaca jarum
arloji dial gauge. Sedangkan perhitungan lendutan pada analisis metode elemen
hingga menggunakan dasar teori balok Timoshenko. Hasil lendutan dari pengujian
dan analisis metode elemen hingga disajikan dalam bentuk grafik hubungan antara
beban dan lendutan. Balok lengkung fcr 44.35 MPa dengan beban maksimum
6790.4N melendut sebesar 0.0982 mm pada analisis metode elemen hingga 6 segmen,
0.0733 mm pada analisis elemen hingga 10 segmen, dan 2.240 mm pada pengujian
laboratorium. Balok lengkung fcr 40.58 MPa dengan beban maksimum 3395.2N
melendut sebesar 0.0513 mm pada analisis metode elemen hingga 6 segmen, 0.0383
mm pada analisis elemen hingga 10 segmen, dan 0.990 mm pada pengujian
laboratorium. Balok lengkung fcr 37.65 MPa dengan beban maksimum 3395.2N
melendut sebesar 0.0533 mm pada analisis metode elemen hingga 6 segmen, 0.0398
mm pada analisis elemen hingga 10 segmen, dan 1.015 mm pada pengujian
laboratorium. Nilai lendutan analisis metode elemen hingga memiliki hasil yang
berbeda jauh terhadap lendutan hasil uji laboratorium. Besarnya perbedaan hasil ini
dipengaruhi oleh hilangnya kestabilan frame baja saat menerima beban yang
didistribusikan balok lengkung saat proses pembebanan
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Percepatan Proses Dekomposisi Tanah Gambut Berserat Dengan Menggunakan Bakteri Dekomposer Aerob Endogen Tanah Gambut
Get PDFTanah gambut merupakan tanah dengan kandungan organik lebih besar dari 75%. Tanah ini terbentuk dari akumulasi tumbuhan yang terdekomposisi dengan laju dekomposisi yang lambat sehingga terus mengalami pemampatan dan penurunan kekuatan geser. Oleh sebab itu, proses dekomposisi sebaiknya dipercepat agar pemampatan dan penurunan kekuatan geser tanah tidak terjadi setelah konstruksi dioperasikan. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan percepatan proses dekomposisi tanah gambut dengan menggunakan bahan dekomposer yang berupa campuran bakteri dekomposer aerob endogen dan kapur Ca(OH)2. Untuk itu, perlu ditentukan persentase bahan dekomposer paling optimum untuk dicampurkan ke dalam tanah gambut berserat agar dihasilkan percepatan proses dekomposisi yang paling maksimum. Kemudian ditinjau pengaruh penambahan bahan dekomposer tersebut terhadap sifat fisik, teknis, kimia, dan mikroskopis tanah gambut berserat selama masa pemeraman. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, di dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dua tahap rangkaian pengujian menggunakan tanah gambut yang berasal dari Desa Bereng Bengkel, Palangkaraya, Kalimantan Tengah.
Pada tahap satu dilakukan pengujian sifat awal tanah berupa: berat volume, specific gravity, kadar air, pH, kandungan serat dan distribusi serat. Selain itu, dilakukan pula pengidentifikasian, pemilihan dan pengembangbiakan bakteri dekomposer aerob endogen. Bakteri tersebut dihitung secara berkala dengan alat spektrofotometer hingga kepadatan bakteri mencapai sekitar 108 sel/ml saat proses pengembangbiakan. Setelah kepadatan bakteri tercapai, dilakukan pencampuran bahan dekomposer yang terdiri dari larutan bakteri dekomposer aerob dan kapur Ca(OH)2 ke dalam sampel tanah gambut. Variasi jumlah penambahan larutan konsorsium bakteri dekomposer aerob endogen adalah 0%, 10%, 20%, dan 30% terhadap berat basah tanah gambut. Sedangkan variasi jumlah penambahan kapur Ca(OH)2 adalah 0%, 5%, 10% dan 15% terhadap berat basah tanah gambut. Setiap variasi campuran bahan dekomposer diperam selama 0, 14, 28, 42, dan 56 hari untuk diuji viabilitas bakteri, nilai pH, kandungan serat, dan distribusi serat. Dari hasil analisis tahap satu akan ditentukan persentase bahan dekomposer paling optimum dengan laju dekomposisi serat tanah gambut paling maksimum. Setelah itu, dilakukan pembuatan sampel dengan menggunakan bahan dekomposer paling optimum untuk digunakan dalam pengujian tahap dua. Pada tahap dua dilakukan pengujian fisik, teknis, kimia, dan mikroskopis sampel pada masa peram 0, 14, 28, dan 42 hari.
Berdasarkan hasil pengujian sifat awal tanah gambut diketahui bahwa berat volume tanah adalah 1.036 gr/cm3; specific gravity adalah 1.311; kadar air adalah 614%; nilai pH adalah 3.2; dan kandungan serat adalah 32%. Dari analisis hasil pengujian Tahap 1, ditentukan bahan dekomposer paling optimum yang dapat menghasilkan laju dekomposisi paling maksimum adalah larutan bakteri sebanyak 10% dari berat basah gambut. Laju dekomposisi maksimum bahan dekomposer ini terjadi pada masa peram 14 hari. Pada masa peram tersebut nilai pH sampel turun dari dari kondisi awal pencampuran yaitu dari 5.4 menjadi 3.8; kandungan serat turun dari 33% menjadi 24%; dan laju dekomposisi 0%serat/hari menjadi 0.67% serat/hari. Pada tahap dua, hasil pengujian sampel setelah diperam selama 14 hari adalah pH sebesar 6.2, kandungan serat 17%, dan laju dekomposisi 0.19% serat/hari. Selain itu, faktor pemampatan sekunder (metode Gibson dan Lo) meningkat dari 5.5x10-3 m2/kN menjadi 7.1x10-3 m2/kN; ukuran makropori pada permukaan sampel menurun berdasarkan hasil SEM; dan pengujian FTIR menunjukkan adanya kandungan lignin yang tinggi dalam sampel tanah gambut. =============== Peat soil is organic soil with organic content more than 75%. This soil is formed by accumulation of decomposed organic matter from plants with slow rate of decomposition then it would be get compression and shear strength decreasing continuously. Therefore, decomposition process should be accelerated so that compression and decrease shear strength would not happen after the construction operated. On this research, peat soil decomposition accelerated by adding decomposer materials that is endogenous aerobic decomposer bacteria consortium and hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2). Therefore, the optimum percentage of decomposer material which could decomposed peat fibers maximally would be determined. Then, the effect of the optimum decomposer material to the physics, mechanics, chemicals, and microscopic behavious during curing period would be observed. To achieve that goals, there is two stages of test were conducted using peat soil obtained from Bereng Bengkel village, Palangkaraya, Centre of Kalimantan.
In Stage one, initial soil parameters were tested such as: unit weight, specific gravity, water content, pH, fibers content, and fiber distribution. In addition, identification, selection, and breeding of endogenous aerobic decomposer bacteria consortium were held. The bacteria were counted periodically using spectrophotometer until reach the bacterial density about 108 cells/ml on breeding process. After the bacteria density is achieved, decomposer material which is aerobic decomposer bacteria solution and Ca(OH)2 was mixed with peat soil sample. The adding consentration of endogenous aerobic decomposer bacteria solution was different, such as 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% from wet weight of peat soil. While the adding consentration of Ca(OH)2 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% from wet weight of peat soil. Each variation mixture was subjected to viability of aerobic bacteria test, pH value test, fiber content test, fiber distribution test during 0, 14, 28, 42, and 56 days curing period. The most optimum mixture of decomposer material which could decompose fibers maximally would be determined from stage one. Thereafter, new sample using optimum mixture were made for Stage two. On this stage, the mixture were subjected to physics, mechanics, chemicals, and microscopes behavior at 0, 14, 28, 42 curing periods.
Based on initial soil parameters, the soil unit weight was 1.036 gr/cm3; specific gravity was 1.311; water content was 614%, pH value was 3.2, fiber content was 32%; coarse fiber was 12%; medium fiber was 38%; and fine fiber was 50%. From the analysis of Stage 1, the optimum percentage of mixture which gave the maximum rate of decomposition on Stage one was 10% bacteria solution from wet soil weight. This mixture shows maximum peak rate of decomposition on 14 days curing periods. On these curing period, pH value decreasing from 5.4 become 3.8; fiber content decreasing from 33% become 24%; and rate of decomposition increasing from 0 %fibers/day become 0.67 %fibers/day. On the Stage 2, on 14 days curing period the sample has pH value 6.2, fiber content 17%, and rate of decomposition 0.19 %fibers/day. Futhermore, the secondary compression factor (Gibson and Lo method) increase from 5.5x10-3 m2/kN menjadi 7.1x10-3 m2/kN; macropores size on the sample surface decreasing based on SEM test; and FTIR test shows that the sample has high consentrasion of lignin
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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