1,721,123 research outputs found
Assessing violent mechanical asphyxia in forensic pathology: State-of-the-art and unanswered questions
Full text linkMechanical asphyxiation has been a common method used to commit homicide, including femicide, throughout history. A recent report by the United Nations has shed light on the issue of misidentification and concealment of gender-related killings, which makes it difficult to effectively fight against it. Forensic pathologists are frequently asked to examine cases involving suspected asphyxia to determine whether other persons have been involved. Therefore, medicolegal experts must look for signs of occlusion of the oral/nasal orifices, compression of the neck, or specific signs such as the “facie sympathique”. There are situations where the physical signs are not distinctive enough to diagnose asphyxia, especially in cases where the individual has limited ability to resist external compression. In such cases, judicial autopsies should include an anatomical dissection of the neck structures through a layer-by-layer progression. It is important to search for the Amussat’s sign, e.g., as part of a Forensic Clinical Anatomy approach. Additionally, individual anatomical variations, age or artefactual modifications, must be considered for the correct interpretation of findings. Microscopic examinations could aid in the diagnosis by providing additional findings, and several attempts have been made to identify unique markers of asphyxia through various laboratory techniques such as biochemistry, radiology and miRNA studies. However, no single finding or method has been identified as definitive. In the future, biomedical-legal sciences will have to rely on scientific research and the retrospective case series to provide a scientific framework on which to base their hypothesis, giving weight to evidence in the trial
Ringraziamento a FREGO MAURO in: IACOBONE M., BARZON L., PORZIONATO A., MASI G., MACCHI V., MARINO F, VIEL G., FAVIA G. Parafibromin expression, single-gland involvement, and limited parathyroidectomy in familial isolated hyperparathyroidism.
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Exosome Treatment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: How Pure Should Your Exosome Preparation Be?
No full textWe read with interest the article by Willis and colleagues (1) about the striking therapeutic efficacy of exosomes isolated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). BPD is a multifactorial, chronic lung disease that occurs in 40–45% of infants born at <29 weeks of gestation and is associated with significant long-term pulmonary morbidities. Because no effective treatment is available, there is an urgent need for novel therapies capable of reversing the course of the disease. Pioneering work done by Hansmann and colleagues (2) demonstrated that the intravenous administration of MSCs or MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) reduced lung injury and inflammation, and prevented pulmonary hypertension in an animal model of hyperoxia-induced BPD. These results were confirmed by other groups, and we obtained similar results after administering human amniotic fluid cells (3). Lee and colleagues (4) subsequently showed that the exosome-enriched fraction of MSC-CM was therapeutically active, paving the way for the use of these biological nanoparticles in the treatment of BPD. Exosomes are membrane vesicles that convey a variety of metabolic signals between cells, and clinical-grade exosomes can be produced for use in therapeutic applications, with considerable advantages over living cells in terms of safety, applicability, and cost (5)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The bursa of hieronymus fabricius AB aquapendente: From original iconography to most recent research
Full text linkHieronymus Fabricius ab Aquapendente (1533–1619) described the homonymous bursa in the “De Formatione Ovi et Pulli”, published posthumously in 1621. He also included a figure in which the bursa was depicted. We here present the figure of the bursa of Fabricius, along with corrections of some mislabeling still presents in some anastatic copies. The bursa of Fabricius is universally known as the origin of B-lymphocytes; morphogenetical and physiological issues are also considered
RE: Onuma H, Tsuji K, Hoshino T, Inomata K, Udo M, Nakagawa Y, Katagiri H, Miyatake K, Watanabe T, Sekiya I, Muneta T, Koga H. Fibrotic changes in the infrapatellar fat pad induce new vessel formation and sensory nerve fiber endings that associate prolonged pain. J Orthop Res. 2020 Jun;38(6):1296–1306
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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