1,720,970 research outputs found
Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba Syndrome (BRRS): An Uncommon Case of Haematochezia in a 3-year-old-boy.
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A girl with gastric distension and hyperamylasemia
No full textA 3-year-old girl was admitted with abrupt onset of acute severe abdominal pain and drowsiness, without vomiting or diarrhoea. No history of abdominal trauma was reported. On admission, she was moaning, her heart rate was 161 bpm, blood pressure was 108/72 mm Hg, capillary refill time was <2 s and she was apyrexial. On physical examination, there was marked abdominal distension, with generalised abdominal tenderness without peritoneal signs. Blood tests showed hyperamylasemia (780 IU/L), neutrophilia (white cell count 14×10^9/L; neutrophil 11.9×10^9/L) and hyperglycaemia (155 mg/dL–8.6 mmol/L). A supine plain abdominal X-ray showed a huge gastric bubble (figure 1). A nasogastric tube was inserted, and 500 mL of non-bilious fluid and 150 mL of gas were suctioned, with prompt improvement of symptoms
Full-Face Snorkeling Masks Carry a Risk of Hypercapnia and Drowning in Younger Children: A Case Series
Full text linkBackground: Recently, a new type of full-face snorkeling mask (FFSM), called “Easy-breath” masks, has become extremely popular both in adults and children due to their effective marketing and relative comfort. However, these masks are complex engineering systems that, in case of malfunctioning or if used by young children, may readily cause CO2 rebreathing, especially in young children. Case Presentation: We present three cases of children under six years of age admitted to the emergency department, with two of them due to non-fatal drowning incidents and one following a cardiac arrest induced by drowning. All incidents occurred during brief submersions while using full-face snorkeling masks. Conclusions: When inappropriately used by younger children, full-face snorkeling masks may have a mechanical dead space larger than tidal volume, with a significant increased risk of rebreathing of CO2 and consequent risk for hypercapnic hypoxia. The hypercapnia may cause dizziness and respiratory distress, while hypoxia may cause confusion. Both may lead to loss of consciousness, which could be a potential cause of drowning, particularly in younger children
Red flags Presented in Children Complaining of Headache in Paediatric Emergency Department
Full text linkThis study aimed to determine how common are specific red flags of life-threatening headache (LTH) among children with complaints of headache in the emergency department. A retrospective study was conducted over five years, including all patients aged < 18 years who presented for a headache to a Pediatric Emergency Department. We identified patients with life-threatening headaches and compared the recurrence of the main red flags (occipital location, vomit, nocturnal wake-up, presence of neurological signs, and family history of primary headache) to the remaining sample. Two-thousand-fifty-one children (51% female, 49% male) were included. Seven patients (0.3%) were diagnosed with a life-threatening headache. In the analysis of red flags, only the presence of abnormal neurological evaluation and vomiting was found to be more common in the LTH sample. No statistically significant difference was found for nocturnal awakening or occipital localization of pain. Urgent neuroradiological examinations were performed in 72 patients (3.5% of cases). The most common discharge diagnosis was infection-related headache (42.4%), followed by primary headaches (39.7%). This large retrospective study confirms the most recent literature suggesting that night awakenings and occipital pain are common symptoms also associated with not-LTH. Therefore, if isolated, they should not be considered red flags
How Age Matters in the Assessment of Vertigo in the Pediatric Emergency Department: A 10-Year Age-Stratified Etiology Survey
Full text linkVertigo is a relatively frequent cause for referral to the pediatric emergency department, and it is usually caused by benign or self-limiting etiology. However, it could be difficult to evaluate especially in the younger child and could also conceal serious illness as encephalitis or cerebellitis. Our survey collected in a 10-year period 757 children assessed in pediatric emergency department for vertigo and stratified this population for etiology and for group of age: younger than 6 years (113, 14.9%), between 7 and 12 years (251, 33.2%), and older than 12 years (393, 51.9%). In addition, associated signs and symptoms, evaluation by a neurologist or an otorhinolaryngologist, and instrumental investigations were recorded.We found that age is the most important variable to assess the possibility of a central nervous system disease as etiology cause of vertigo with a significant difference of incidence between the younger group (younger than 6 years, 23%) and older groups (3% and 1%; P < 0.001).This finding should reinforce the index of suspicion for a central nervous system illness as cause of vertigo in the preschool children with an accurate workup including evaluation by a neurologist or an otorhinolaryngologist and instrumental investigations as needed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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