1,720,980 research outputs found
An evolutionist approach of mood disorders from a transcultural perspective | [Une approche évolutionniste de la manie dans une perspective transculturelle]
No full textIntroduction: The objective of this paper is to verify if traits and symptoms defined as pathological and maladjusted in certain contexts may produce adaptive effects in other contexts, especially if they occur in sub-threshold forms. Methods: A historical examination of how the symptoms of depression have changed in front of great social changes and an analysis of Sardinian migrants’ thymic profiles toward several metropolises. Results and conclusions: Mood disorders have been increasing since the “English malady” in the 17th century, and we suppose that some forms of mood disorders might have an adaptive advantage. Otherwise, the increase of such an epidemic would have been self-limited. From a sociobiological point of view, it is highly probable that the environment of a rapidly evolving society can select people who are explorers and able to support accelerated biorhythms and that the condition of social change stimulates psychological and psychopathologic changes. It is also possible that hyperthymic persons modulate and create the new environment. If this model can explain the epidemic of mood disorders, its verification should guide future research
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Novità in tema di discinesia ciliare primaria
No full textNumerosi sono ancora i problemi aperti che ritardano o rendono difficile l’inquadramento diagnostico della discinesia ciliare primaria e poco si conosce sulle reali necessità dei soggetti affetti in termini di monitoraggio e di appropriatezza delle cure.Vengono, pertanto, riferiti i risultati delle ricerche più recenti riguardanti rispettivamente gli elementi che possono farne sospettare la diagnosi (in particolare la presenza di una mancata o ridotta pneumatizzazione dei seni paranasali), il significato della misurazione dell’ossido nitrico nasale (utilizzata come test di screening), i progressi nelle tecniche diagnostiche (in particolare la possibilità di eseguire colture dell’epitelio respiratorio ciliato anche utilizzando campioni prelevati mediante brushing nasale), le nuove conoscenze sull’evoluzione della funzione respiratoria, sulle necessità del suo monitoraggio ed infine le prospettive di sviluppo di terapie geniche mirate al ripristino della funzione ciliare
La tosse nella discinesia ciliare primaria
Full text linkDa un’indagine sulla qualità della vita condotta in un’ampia casistica di soggetti con discinesia ciliare primaria (DCP) è emerso che la tosse rappresenta una manifestazione molto frequente in questa condizione. Infatti, il 48,7% dei pazienti interrogati, indipendentemente dalla loro età, ha riferito di soffrirne quasi tutti i giorni dell’anno, anche durante la stagione estiva. Dall’indagine è emerso, inoltre, che abitualmente la tosse si associa alla presenza di muco e che questo
tende ad aumentare con il passare degli anni
Nuove strategie nella gestione delle bronchiectasie
No full textLe bronchiectasie rappresentano ancora un problema importante nel bambino, poiché si possono accompagnare ad un danno del parenchima polmonare e ad un declino della funzione respiratoria. La loro precoce individuazione dovrà, pertanto, essere il nostro principale obiettivo e a tale scopo andranno considerate soprattutto le manifestazioni con esse compatibili che tendano a riproporsi nel tempo. Sarà, poi, di centrale importanza l’identificazione di eventuali condizioni sottostanti che possano avvalersi di terapie specifiche. Tuttavia, la riduzione del numero di esacerbazioni, la prevenzione della progressione del danno polmonare con ripercussioni positive sulla qualità della vita e sul normale accrescimento potranno essere assicurati da programmi di intervento efficaci, i cui cardini saranno rappresentati dalla fisioterapia respiratoria e dalla somministrazione di antibiotici. Ancora scarsa è, comunque, la disponibilità di strumenti non invasivi per valutare la risposta al trattamento
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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