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Corethrella (Corethrella) borkenti Amaral & Pinho 2015
No full textCorethrella (Corethrella) borkenti Amaral & Pinho, 2015 Fig. 41; Appendix 1 Diagnosis Larva Only bromeliculous species with the following combination of characters: head mostly pale, but mandible, maxilla, segment X, and siphon more darkly pigmented (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 19); postmentum elongate, with margins almost parallel up to basal 0.6, strongly tapering distally (Fig. 41D); prementum with 12–14 darkly pigmented teeth (Fig. 41D); central tooth large, second small, third large and remaining ones gradually decreasing in size (Fig. 41D); seta 15-C bifurcated or forked. Pupa Only bromeliculous species with the following combination of characters: exuvia medium brown (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 16), abdomen elongate and tapering, darker mesially; abdominal segments little expanded laterally, with one dorsal and one lateral well-developed setae (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 18) on each of segments II–VII (these setae longer than respective segments, largest ones about twice as long); dorsal setae progressively shorter from V–VII; all setae darkly pigmented; respiratory organ tubular, very elongate, expanded at apex (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 17). Material examined BRAZIL – Bahia State • 1 ♂, adult; Ilhéus, UESC Max de Menezes; 14°47ʹ54ʺ S, 39°10ʹ24ʺ W; 21 May 2019; A.P. Amaral leg.; Mirco’s bromeliad; CE-MHS • 1 ♀, adult, with larval and pupal exuviae; Ilhéus, Cabruca da UESC; 14°47ʹ48ʺ S, 39°10ʹ20ʺ W; 35 m a.s.l.; 16 May 2019; A.P. Amaral leg.; bromeliad; CE-MHS • 1 ♀, adult, with larval and pupal exuviae; Porto Seguro, RPPN Estação Veracel, Trilha 12-09; 16°19ʹ38ʺ S, 39°07ʹ22ʺ W; 73 m a.s.l.; 28 Aug. 2019; A.P. Amaral leg.; bromeliad; CE-MHS. – Santa Catarina State • 1 ♀, adult; Grão Pará, Parque Estadual Serra Furada, CAPEA stream; 28°11ʹ26ʺ S, 49°23ʹ30ʺ W; 16 Nov. 2012 – 7 Jan. 2013; L.C. Pinho, M.C. Novaes and M.F. Haddad leg.; Malaise trap; CE-MHS • 1 ♀, adult, with larval and pupal exuviae; Florianópolis, Pantanal, Rua Sulcar; 27°36ʹ35ʺ S, 48°30ʹ57ʺ W; 53 m a.s.l.; 21 Jul. 2016; A.P. Amaral leg.; bromeliad; CE-MHS. Description Male and female adults (1 ♂, 4 ♀♀) HEAD. Sensilla (Fig. 41A): Ocular row with 1 thick offset seta at ventral part and 1 more dorsally, followed by 13–15 setae shortly extending posteriorly. Subocular row well-defined with about 20 slender setae from interocular space to posterior portion. Vertex with a few scattered setae. Postgenal row with 6–15 slender setae, ranging from mid-posterior portion of head to ventromedially. With 2 thick ventromedial setae. THORAX. Sensilla (Fig. 41B): Antepronotum with 1–2 dorsal and 3–7 anteroventral intermediate setae. Postpronotum with 1 thick dorsal, 1 slender anterodorsal, and 4–5 more ventrally located setae. Scutum, prescutal area with 2 thick and 2–4 intermediate setae, dorsoventrally aligned near prescutal suture; 0–7 intermediate/slender anterior setae. Antealar area with cluster of about 5–7 thick, 4–8 intermediate, and 6–9 slender setae located ventrally; 11–25 slender dorsal setae. Supraalar area with 3–4 thick and 0–1 intermediate setae aligned longitudinally, about 6–9 slender setae surrounding. Dorsocentral row, posterior part with cluster of 4–6 thick and about 3–7 slender setae; approximately 17–23 thick/ intermediate and 38–41 slender filling row. Scutellum with 12–14 thick setae. Posterior anepisternum bare. Anepimeron with 5–17 slender setae. WING. Male R 3 /R 1: 0.40; R 2+3 /R 2: 0.94. Female R 3 /R 1: 0.51 (0.47–0.55); R 2+3 /R 2: 0.66 (0.59–0.73). LEGS. Empodium (Fig. 41C) of intermediate length and thickness, with 5 branches. Male Ta1/Ta2: 3.00; Ta3/Ta4: 1.60. Female Ta1/Ta2: 2.90 (2.71–3.00); Ta3/Ta4: 1.09 (1.08–1.13). Larva (n = 3) EXUVIA (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 19). Head mostly pale; mandible, maxilla, segment X, and siphon more darkly pigmented; without tergal plates. HEAD (Fig. 41D). Wide, somewhat round in dorsoventral view, 1.22 (1.19–1.25) times as wide as long. Antenna 0.41 (0.40–0.41) times length of head; antennal groove 1.36 (1.25–1.48) times length of antenna. Ventral margin of antennal groove serrate. Postmentum elongate, with margins almost parallel until basal 0.6, strongly tapering distally; 1.13 (1.11–1.14) times as wide as long; length 0.58 (0.57–0.59) of head. Prementum (Amaral & Pinho 2015: figs 21–22) curved, with 12–14 darkly pigmented teeth; central tooth largest, second tooth small, third large, remaining ones gradually smaller.Anteroventral projection of gena strongly projected anteriorly, surface smooth. Postcoila extending to lateral margin of gena. Subgenal carina without spinules. Crown with 13–17 regularly distributed spines, sizes growing towards lateral, ventral spines shortest; largest spine 0.08 mm (0.07–0.09) long. Seta 16-C anterolateral to crown. Mandible, apical tooth 1.62 (1.43–1.83) times length of first dorsal tooth; seta 3-Mn 0.43 (0.42–0.43) times length of 4-Mn; lacinia mobilis with 8 blades; mandibular lobe well-developed, pale, contiguous to teeth. Sensilla: 9-C short, fan-like; 10-C elongate, simple; 11-C elongate, simple or forked; 12-C elongate, simple; 13-C short, fan-like; 14-C moderately elongate, simple; 15-C moderately elongate, bifurcated or forked; 16-C elongate, bifurcated. 0a-Mn short, fan-like; 0b-Mn elongate, simple. 6-Mx short, bifurcated; 4-Mx moderately elongate, simple; 5-Mx short, fan-like. SIPHON (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 28). 0.32 mm (0.30–0.34) long. Seta 1 forked, situated at 0.19 (0.11–0.26) of length from base; 6-S pale, 9-S darkly pigmented; length of 6-S/9-S: 0.54 (0.48–0.60). Pupa (n = 3) EXUVIA (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 16). Medium brown, with abdominal segments II–VII darker mesially; setae darkly pigmented, except cephalothorax dorsal 1, setae on terminal process lightly pigmented. CEPHALOTHORAX. Length 1.32 mm (1.17–1.61). Dorsal seta 1 pale, short, moderately thick; about one length apart from dorsal 2; dorsal 2 darkly pigmented, of same basal thickness, about four times as long; both setae arising from undifferentiated cuticle. Metathoracic 2 and supraalar 2 sensilla present. Metathoracic seta 1 short, simple. ABDOMEN (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 18). Elongate, tapering from IV–VII, dorsal tegument smooth; length of segments I–VIII: 1.37 mm (1.17–1.73), width/length: 0.54 (0.49–0.58). Margins serrate, moderately expanded laterally, somewhat posteriorly from VI–VIII. Largest seta L-2-II, 1.79 (1.68– 1.94) times length of segment. Terminal process moderately elongate, basal width 0.70 (0.67–0.72) of length, with paddles moderately tapering from base; D-1-IX short, at about 0.50 from base; apical spine articulated; ventroapical seta V-1-IX about 3 times as long as apical spine; female genital lobe tapered at midlength, distinctly narrower than base of paddles; genital lobe elongate in male, slightly tapering, extending to half length of paddles. Chaetotaxy as illustrated. Distribution and biology Examined individuals with their associated exuviae were collected as larvae from bromeliads in the Atlantic forest of Santa Catarina and Bahia states. Adults were collected with light traps (Amaral et al. 2019). This species has been recorded at altitudes ranging from 35 to 248 m a.s.l. Remarks In the original description, Amaral & Pinho (2015) recognized as a diagnostic feature of the species the exceptionally elongate pupal respiratory organ, with a length 13–18 times its basal width. The specimens examined here show a less elongated respiratory organ, with a length/width ratio ranging from 9.5 to 13. The other diagnostic features of immatures and adults, however, made it possible to confidently identify the specimens. Moreover, in the original description, the long lateral seta on the abdomen of the pupa is indicated as L-4, but we here reinterpret it as an L-2 seta. One of the specimens seems to have trifid branches on the empodium, although the position of the legs on the microscope slide make it difficult to confirm this.Published as part of Amaral, André P., Mariano, Rodolfo & Pinho, Luiz Carlos, 2023, Description of five new species of frog-biting midges (Diptera, Corethrellidae) from Brazil and examination of new morphological characters with utility for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, pp. 1-120 in European Journal of Taxonomy 874 (1) on pages 82-85, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.874.2135, http://zenodo.org/record/803774
Beardius urupeatan Pinho, Mendes et Andersen
No full textBeardius urupeatan Pinho, Mendes et Andersen (Figs 132–143) Beardius urupeatan Pinho, Mendes et Andersen, 2009: 261. Material examined. Type material, as in Pinho et al. (2009). Additional material: BRAZIL, Amazonas State: Rio Cuieiras, 1 pupa, 24.iv.1961, Brundin-net, A 168, E.J. Fittkau. Rio Tonantins, 2 pupae, 30.viii.1961, Brundin-net, A 246, E.J. Fittkau. Rio Tonantins, Vila Nova, 1 pupa, 29–30.viii.1961, Brundin-net, A 244, E.J. Fittkau. Uatumã Biological Reserve, Acampamento Cachoeira, 1 male, 31.i–02.ii.2008, light trap, N. Hamada et al. Rio Marauiá, Missão Santo Antônio, 2 males, 22.i.1963, light trap, A484, E.J. Fittkau. Rio Branquinho, 1 male, 21.iv.1961, light trap, A164, E.J. Fittkau. Rio Cuieiras, na foz do Rio Branquinho, 1 male, 20.xii.1961, light trap, A307, E.J. Fittkau. Maranhão State: Aldeia Escalvado, S6° W45°, 2 pupae, 08.iv.1991, E.J. Fittkau. Mato Grosso State: Nova Xavantina, Fazenda Senhor Queté, Córrego Voadeira, S14°32'11" W52°30'54", 1 male, 16.x.2007, light trap, L.C. Pinho et al . Pará State: Rurópolis, Rio Tambor, 2 males, 29.x.2007, Pennsylvania-trap, N. Hamada et al. Rio Parú do Oeste, Malloca Apicó, 400 m a.s.l., 7 males, 20.iv.1962, light trap, A366–1, E.J. Fittkau. Serra Tumucumaque, Igarapé Okueima, Acampamento II, 6 males, 18.iv.1962, light trap, A371–1, E.J. Fittkau. Igarapé Kumadueni, 2 males, 19.iv.1962, light trap, A377, E.J. Fittkau. Rio Paru, Missão Tiriyos, 1 male, 21.iv.1962, light trap, A361–10, E.J. Fittkau. Missão Cururu, 1 male, 19.i.1961, light trap, A88–1, E.J. Fittkau. Santa Catarina State: Florianópolis, Afluente Rio Ratones, S27°30'66'' W48°29'22'', 1 male with larva and pupa, 1 female with larva and pupa, 3 larvae, 12.vii.2008, in wood, L.C. Pinho; as previous except 11 larvas, 28.vi.2006. São Paulo State: Salesópolis, Boraceia Biological Station, Córrego Venerando, 2 males, 09.xii.2005, light trap, C.G. Froehlich et al.; as previous except 1 male, 12.xii.2001. Diagnostic characters. The species belongs in the truncatus group. The male can be separated from all other members of the genus by the combination of the following characters: acrostichals and anal point lacking; and inferior volsella with large, transverse basal projection. The female by: acrostichals present; clypeus with about 10 setae; and gonocoxite IX with setae. The pupa by: shagreen on tergite II stronger orally; tergites VII and VIII without shagreen; conjunctive I/II and paratergite VI bare; and paratergite VIII with long, curved spines. The larva by: antenna with 5 segments; pecten mandibularis absent or indistinct; and mentum with median tooth about 1/2 the length of first lateral tooth. Description Male. The male was described in detail by Pinho et al. (2009). Female (n = 1–2). Total length 2.34 mm. Wing length 0.98–1.19 mm. Total length / wing length 1.97. Wing length / length of profemur 2.02–2.10. Coloration. Head, thorax and abdomen pale. Legs pale. Head. AR 0.35, ultimate flagellomere 114 µm long. Temporals 8, not well separated in inner and outer verticals and postorbitals. Clypeus with 12 setae. Tentorium 147 µm long, 20 µm wide. Stipes 116 µm long. Palpomere lengths (in µm): 33, 35, 86, 121, 197. Third palpomere with 2–3 sensillae subapically, longest 13–15 µm long. Thorax (Fig. 133). Scutal tubercle absent. Dorsocentrals 7–8, 1–2 of them close to antepronotum; acrostichals 2–3; prealars 2. Scutellum with 4–6 setae. Wing (Fig. 132). VR 1.44–1.47. R with 8–9 setae, R 1 with 4–8 setae, R 4+5 with 17–19 setae. Brachiolum with 2 setae. Remaining veins bare. Legs. Spur of fore tibia (including scale) 54 µm long, spur of mid tibia (including comb) 48–59 µm long, spur of hind tibia (including comb) 54 µm long. Width at apex of fore tibia 54 µm, of mid tibia 37–48 µm, of hind tibia 54 µm. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 23. Genitalia (Figs 134–135). Tergite IX with 20 setae. Cercus 61 µm long, 46 µm wide. Notum 119 µm long. Gonocoxite IX with 2 setae. Seminal capsule 40 µm long, excluding 10 µm long neck. Pupa (n = 7–9, except when otherwise stated). Total length 2.20–3.18, 2.82 mm. Coloration. Cephalothorax and abdomen light brown. Cephalothorax (Fig. 138). Frontal aptome conical (Fig. 136), frontal setae 14–24, 19 (6) µm long. Thorax with fine dorsal granulation. Thoracic horn with 5–6 branches; anterior branch stout, with spinule in apical 1/3 (Fig. 137). Distance between Dc1 and Dc2 6–18, 12 µm; between Dc2 and Dc3 126–193, 165 µm; between Dc3 and Dc4 8–14, 12 µm. Precorneal 1, antepronotals and prealars absent. Abdomen (Fig. 140). Tergites I, VII and VIII without shagreen. Tergites II–V with anterior transverse band of shagreen a little stronger than posterior contiguous shagreen. Tergite VI with anterior transverse band of shagreen only. Row of hooklets on tergite II about 2/3 of tergite width. Conjunctive IV/V with single patch of spinules. Paratergite V with few spinules, restricted to posterior margin. Pedes spurii A and pedes spurii B present. Segment I without L-seta; segments II–IV with 3 L setae; segment V with 3 taeniate L setae; segments VI–VIII with 4 taeniate L setae. Segment VIII with 2–3, 2 long, curved lateral spines, spur simple (Fig. 139). Anal lobe 91–122, 108 (6) µm long, with 8–15, 11 taeniate setae. Larva (n = 4–7, except when otherwise stated). Total length 3.92–3.98 (2) mm. Head capsule 325–335, 329 µm long. Head dorsum (Fig. 143). Frontoclypeal apotome and labral sclerite 2 present. Frontoclypeal apotome with anterior granulation, extending to S4. Antenna. With 5 segments. AR 0.81–1.03, 0.91. Length of segments (in µm): 38–51, 46; 19–21, 20; 13–15, 14; 8–10, 9; 3–5, 4. Blade 56–83, 73 µm long, about 1,5 times longer than flagellum. Lauterborn organs 13–14, 13 µm long, alternating on segments 2 and 3. Labrum. With 3 plates, mid with 3 teeth, laterals with 4 teeth each. Premandible 75–78, 76 µm long. Mentum (Fig. 141). Pale median tooth about 1/2 length of first lateral tooth. Ventromental plate 71–81, 76 µm wide, distance between plates 10–15, 13 µm. Postmentum 154–167, 159 µm long; with granulose area between ventromental plates. Mandible (Fig. 142) 119–144, 132 µm long. Seta subdentalis 25–35, 30 µm long. Seta interna with 3 major branches. Pecten mandibularis indistinct or absent. Mola without spines. Outer margin granulose. Abdomen. Procercus about 25 µm long, with 8 anal setae, longest about 405 µm long. Seta supraanalis about 340 µm long. Posterior prolegs about 65 µm long. Remarks. The structure considered to be the “median volsella” by Pinho et al. (2009) must be regarded as a basal projection of inferior volsella. Median volsella is often absent, when present, it is a wart-like tubercle at the base of the projection of inferior volsella. Biology. Larvae were collected in submerged, strongly decomposed wood in a low order stream near Florianópolis on the island of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina State. Distribution. The species is collected in the Amazonas, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Pará, São Paulo, and Santa Catarina states in Brazil.Published as part of Pinho, Luiz Carlos, Mendes, Humberto Fonseca & Andersen, Trond, 2013, Revision of Beardius Reiss et Sublette, 1985 (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of twenty new species, pp. 1-78 in Zootaxa 3742 (1) on pages 66-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3742.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/527089
Stenochironomus atlanticus Pinho & Mendes, new species
No full text<i>Stenochironomus atlanticus</i> Pinho & Mendes new species <p> <i>Type material</i>: Holotype male with larval and pupal exuviae, BRAZIL: Santa Catarina State, Florianópolis, Unidade de Conservação Ambiental Desterro (UCAD), 27°31’50,8”S, 48°30’44,3”W, 15.IX.04, in <i>Canistrum lindenii</i> (Regel) Mez, L.C. Pinho & M.H. Moraes. <i>Paratypes</i>: 1 male with larval and pupal exuviae, same data as holotype except 24.IV.05, in <i>Vriesea vagans</i> (L.B. Smith) L.B. Smith, L.C. Pinho; 7 males, same data as holotype except 09.I­10.II.04, in <i>Nidularium innocentii</i> Lemaire, L.C. Pinho; 1 male, same data as holotype except 19.IX­03.X.03, in <i>N. innocentii</i>, L.C. Pinho; 1 male, same data as holotype except 0 3–24.X.03, in <i>N. innocentii</i>, L.C. Pinho; 1 male, same data as holotype except 20.VIII–17.IX.04, in <i>Neoregelia laevis</i> (Mez) L.B. Smith, L.C. Pinho; 1 male, same data as holotype except 20.VIII–17.IX.04, in <i>Vriesea philippocoburgii</i> Wawra; 1 female with larval and pupal exuviae, same data as holotype except 24.IV.05, in <i>Vriesea vegans</i> (L.B. Smith) L.B. Smith, L.C. Pinho; 2 females, same data as holotype; 2 females, same data as holotype except 09.I–10.II.04, in <i>N. innocentii</i>, L.C. Pinho; 1 female, same data as holotype except 17.IX–17.X.04, L.C. Pinho; 1 female, same data as holotype except 20.VIII–17.IX.04, in <i>N. laevis</i>, L.C. Pinho; 8 larvae and 3 pupae, same data as holotype.</p> <p> <i>Diagnostic characters</i>: The male imago can be separated from all other <i>Stenochironomus</i> species by the combination of a very long inferior volsella; pale, rounded apex of tergite IX; AR 0.96–1.08; and slightly bulbous apex of the anal point. The female imago can be distinguished by the lack of dark pigmentation; dorsomesal lobes joined along the margin; and triangular ventrolateral lobe of gonapophysis IX. The pupa is distinguished by T VIII lacking shagreen; an interrupted row of hooklets on tergite II; the anal segment with an anterior pair of shagreen patches; the frontal apotome not elongated; and the large, deltoid­tipped anal lobe extending beyond the swim paddles. The larva can be separated from other <i>Stenochironomus</i> species by having the labral lamella with two groups of spicules arranged comblike; pecten epipharyngis with simple spicules arranged in a row; and procercus with about 8 filaments.</p> <p> <i>Etymology</i>: The name <i>atlanticus</i> refers to Mata Atlântica, the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest, where the new species was collected.</p> <p> <i>Male</i>. (<i>n</i> = 10, except when otherwise stated).</p> <p>Total length 3.19–3.96, 3.58 mm. Wing length 1.46–1.77, 1.56 mm. Total length/wing length 2.08–2.42, 2.30. Wing length/length of profemur 1.49–1.63, 1.58. Coloration: body, wings and legs completely pale to yellowish.</p> <p>Head (Fig. 1 A). AR 0.96–1.08, 0.99. Thirteenth flagellomere 458–561, 492 µm long. Temporals 14–18, 17 in single row. Clypeus with 11–18, 14 setae. Tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump as in Fig. 1 B. Tentorium 113–152, 135 µm long; 27–44, 34 m wide at sieve pore; 12–16, 15 µm wide at posterior tentorial pit. Stipes 147–174 (2) µm long; 5–8, 7 (3) µm wide. Palp segment lengths (in µm): 36–53, 44; 41–57, 49; 156–196, 171; 117–155, 134; 209–255, 235 (9).</p> <p>Thorax (Fig. 1 C). Acrostichals 10–19, 15; dorsocentrals 11–16, 13 in single row; prealars 4–6, 5. Scutellum with 9–14, 11 setae in single row. Anterior edge of scutum slightly rounded in lateral aspect.</p> <p>Wing (Fig. 1 D). VR 1.20–1.30, 1.25. Brachiolum with 2 setae. R with 28–48, 34; R1 with 26–36, 32; R4+5 with 48–70, 60; RM with 0–2, 1; M with 0–5, 2 setae; remaining veins bare. Squama with 3–5, 4 setae.</p> <p>Legs. Scale of front tibia 32–50, 40 (4) µm long, with 2–3, 2 strong and 1–2, 2 weak setae; spurs of middle tibia 32–40, 35 (4) µm and 40–43, 41 (4) µm long; spurs of hind tibia 32–40, 35 (4) µm and 40–47, 44 (4) µm long. Apex of fore tibia 50–54, 53 (4) µm wide, of mid tibia 50–58, 56 (4) µm wide, of hind tibia 65–72, 67 (4) µm wide. Lengths (in µm) and proportions of legs as in Table 1.</p> <p>Hypopygium (Fig. 1 E–F). Anal point 91–114, 107 µm long; 6–8, 7 (8) µm wide 1/3 from apex; 10–13, 12 (8) µm wide at apex. Tergite IX with 18–25, 22 strong setae, caudal apex slightly rounded. Laterosternite IX with 3–5, 4 setae. Phallapodeme 76–93, 83 (9) µm long; transverse sternapodeme 20–25, 23 (9) µm long. Gonocoxite 136–164, 150 µm long; inferior volsella 149–192, 167 µm long, with 4–5, 5 setae; superior volsella 34–46, 42 µm long. Gonostylus 134–169, 154 µm long. HR 0.86–1.08, 0.98; HV 2.05–2.66, 2.33.</p> <p> <i>Female</i> (<i>n</i> = 5, except when otherwise stated).</p> <p>Total length 3.04–4.23, 3.64 mm. Wing length 1.50–2.27, 1.87 mm. Total length/wing length 1.70–2.31, 1.94. Wing length/length of profemur 1.40–1.47, 1.44. Coloration as in male.</p> <p>Head. Flagellomere lengths (in µm): 135–183, 155; 93–129, 113; 86–120, 108; 69–105, 92; 84–159, 132. Longest seta 299–389, 337 µm long. AR 0.22–0.31, 0.28. Temporals 13–20, 17 in single row. Clypeus with 15–25, 20 setae. Tentorium 131–177, 151 µm long; 28–33, 30 µm wide at sieve pore; 14–18, 15 µm wide at posterior tentorial pit. Stipes 147–174 (2) µm long. Palp segment lengths (in µm): 36–58, 44; 51–67, 58; 162–234, 196 (4); 101–191, 151 (4); 216–329, 267 (4).</p> <p>Thorax. Acrostichals 19–48, 31; dorsocentrals 14–26, 19 in single row; prealars 7–8, 7. Scutellum with 10–22, 15 setae in single row.</p> <p>Wing. VR 1.20–1.29, 1.25. Brachiolum with 2 setae. R with 31–52, 42; R1 with 43–80, 57; R4+5 with 86–123, 94; RM with 1–4, 2; M with 3–10, 7 setae; remaining veins bare. Squama with 5–8, 6 setae.</p> <p>Legs. Lengths (in µm) and proportions of legs as in Table 2.</p> <p>fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4 ta5 LR BV SV BR</p> <p>1065­1548, 779­1164, 1183­1706, 592­868­ 493­720, 434­621, 148­ 227, 1.41­ 1.52, 1.74­1.82, 1.54­1.64, 2.86­5.75, p1 1302 978 1436 740 609 529 191 1.47 1.80 1.59 3.91</p> <p>878­1292, 779­1114, 513­730, 247­375, 187­286, 118­168, 0.64­0.72, 3.43­3.57, 2.99­3.39, 3.33­4.26, p2 59­79, 71</p> <p>1089 953 633 316 231 142 0.66 3.52 3.22 3.81</p> <p>986­1390, 937­1371, 690­1006, 375­562, 286­424, 167­237, 0.73­0.78, 2.79­2.91, 2.64­2.79, 4.09­5.91, p3 69­ 88, 83</p> <p>1203 1148 862 477 361 205 0.75 2.85 2.72 4.96 Abdomen. Number of setae on tergites I–VIII as follows: 49–90, 62; 44–105, 71; 40–93, 67 (4); 47–89, 68; 38–99, 60; 24–92, 49; 21–72, 40; 11–32, 24. Number of setae on sternites I–VIII as follows: 5 (1); 6–12 (2); 6–59, 31 (4); 31–64, 44; 29–70, 46; 23–55, 41; 32–60, 44; 60–82, 72.</p> <p>Genitalia (Fig. 2 A–E): Tergite IX with 37–50, 43 setae; gonocoxite IX with 3–4, 4 setae. Cercus 86–114, 98 µm long. Gonapophysis IX notum 179–217, 200 µm long. Coxosternapodeme IX 68 –93, 80 µm long.</p> <p> <i>Pupa</i> (<i>n</i> = 4, except when otherwise stated). Total length 3.88–5.38, 4.61 mm. Coloration: cephalothorax and abdomen transparent, except for first leg sheath and wing sheath brownish; base of wing sheath, prothoracic and metathoracic areas with brown spots; medial portion of T I and lateral portions of T II–VIII brownish.</p> <p>Cephalothorax. Frontal apotome not elongated (Fig. 3 A). Precorneal setae 2–3, 3; lamelliform; 26–65, 45 µm long (Fig. 3 B). Dorsocentrals (Dc) 25–58, 41 µm long; lamelliform (Fig. 3 C). Distance between Dc1 and Dc2 3 (1) µm; between Dc2 and Dc3 243 (1) µm; between Dc3 and Dc4 2 (1) µm.</p> <p>Abdomen (Fig. 3 D–E). T I bare; T II–IV with median, large field of shagreen; T V–VI, with anterior and posterior patches of shagreen, separated by fine shagreen; T VI with anterior and posterior patches of shagreen totally separated; T VII with single anteromedian field of shagreen; T VIII without shagreen; anal segment with anterior pair of shagreen patches. T II with interrupted row of hooklets. Abdominal setation: S I without L setae; S II–IV with 4 L setae; S V–VII with 4 LS setae; S VIII with 5 LS setae. Spur on S VIII with 1–3, 2 teeth (3), longest tooth 32– 45, 26 (3) µm long. Apex of anal lobe deltoid, extending beyond swim paddles; with 18–26, 23 filaments in fringe. Genital sac 107–120, 113 (3) µm long; anal lobe 205 (1) µm long.</p> <p> <i>Fourth­instar larva</i> (<i>n</i> = 9, except when otherwise stated). Total length 6.92–8.27, 7.44 (8) mm. Head capsule (Fig. 4 A–B), 0.38–0.42, 0.40 (7) mm long.</p> <p>Head. Antenna as in Fig. 4 C; lengths of antennal segments (in µm): 43–54, 49; 14–19, 17; 3–6, 5 (8); 4–8, 6 (7); 1–2, 2 (8). Blade 18–23, 20 µm long. Labrum as in Fig. 4 D. Labral lamella with two groups of spicules arranged comblike, pecten epipharyngis with simple spicules arranged in row. S1 simple, 12–24, 21 (7) µm long; S2 simple to pinnate, 18–25, 21 (6) µm long. Premandible 40–55, 47 (8) µm long, with brush of about 30 setae. Mandible (Fig. 4 E) 114–144, 128 µm long, with 4 inner teeth. Mentum (Fig. 4 F) 86–95, 91 (8) µm wide, with median tooth 7–10, 8 (8) µm wide; paralabial plate with cuticular thickening along lateral edge. Labiohypopharynx (Fig. 4 G) with ligular lobes rounded, with parallel–sided cleft between them.</p> <p>Abdomen. Procercus with about 8 filaments, associated seta of equal size. Anal papillae (Fig. 4 H) constricted medially, basal portion 145 (1) µm long, apical portion 222 (1) µm long. Anal hook 32–43, 38 (8) µm long.</p>Published as part of <i>Pinho, Luiz Carlos De, Mendes, Humberto Fonseca & Marcondes, Carlos Brisola, 2005, A new Brazilian species of Stenochironomus Kieffer mining decayed leaves in bromeliads (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 37-47 in Zootaxa 1046</i> on pages 38-44, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/169904">10.5281/zenodo.169904</a>
Limnophyes guarani Pinho & Andersen, 2015, sp. n.
No full text<i>Limnophyes guarani</i> sp. n. <p>(Figures 1–18)</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype: male adult with pupal exuviae: Brazil, Santa Catarina State, Grão-Pará, Serra do Corvo Branco, 28°03’21” S 49°22’00” W, 1241m a.s.l., 07.x.2014, seepage, LC Pinho & A Pitaluga leg. (MZUSP). Paratypes: 1 female adult with larval and pupal exuvia, as holotype (MZUSP).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific epithet refers to the Guarani Aquifer, that seeps at the road cut where the larvae were collected.</p> <p> <b>Diagnostic characters.</b> The adults group with <i>L. griseata</i> (Edwards, 1931) and <i>L. bidumus</i> Saether, 1990 in having a pronounced humeral pit with lanceolate setae and an additional group of lanceolate setae just posterior to antepronotum. They are, however, smaller with a wing length of 0.97 mm in the male and 0.85 mm in the female, compared to 1.54 mm in male <i>L. griseata,</i> on average 1.61 mm in male <i>L. bidumus</i> and 1.25 mm in female <i>L. bidumus;</i> the female of <i>L. griseata</i> is not known. The new species also has a lower AR, 0.24 in the male and 0.36 in the female, compared to 0.41 in male <i>L. griseata</i>, on average 0.60 in male <i>L. bidumus</i> and 0.45 in female <i>L. bidumus</i>. Further, the new species has a distinctly higher number of lanceolate setae in the group directly behind antepronotum, 17 in the male and 15 in the female, compared to 6 in male <i>L. griseata</i>, 2–6 in male <i>L. bidumus</i> and 3 in female <i>L. bidumus</i>. Further, <i>L. griseata</i> and <i>L. bidumus</i> have at most two short, dorsal antepronotals, while there are 7 and 10 comparatively long, dorsal setae in male and female <i>L. guarani</i> sp.n., respectively. It shares a dorsal projection of the antepronotal lobe with long, numerous dorsal setae with <i>L. gercinoi,</i> but this projection is much more pronounced in <i>L. gercinoi.</i></p> <p> The pupa of the new species can easily be separated from the pupa of <i>L. bidumus</i> as the anal macroseta is longer than the anal lobe, while in <i>L. bidumus</i> these setae are only about 0.6 times as long as the anal lobe. Further, L1–L5 on segment VIII increase in size for <i>L. guarani</i> sp. n., while in <i>L. bidumus</i> they are alternate in size; the pupa of <i>L. griseata</i> is not known. The only pupae with anal macrosetae longer than anal lobe, like <i>L. guarani</i>, are <i>L. asquamatus</i> Andersen, 1937, <i>L. spinigus</i> Saether, 1990 and maybe <i>L. gurgicola</i> (Edwards, 1929).</p> <p> The larvae of neither <i>L. griseata</i> nor <i>L. bidumus</i> are known. The larva of <i>L. guarani</i> <b>sp. n.</b> can be distinguished from other described <i>Limnophyes</i> larvae by its smaller size, with a head capsule length of 0.22 mm, while the lengths in the remaining described species range between 0.24 and 0.33 mm. Well developed supraanal macrosetae 235 µm long, procercus 25 µm high, AR 2.00, and antennal blade distinctly longer than flagellum will also help to characterize the larva of <i>L. guarani</i> <b>sp. n.</b></p> <p> <b>Description. Male</b> (n = 1). Total length 2.00 mm. Wing length 0.97 mm. Total length/wing length 2.06. Wing length/length of profemur 2.46.</p> <p> <i>Colouration:</i> Blackish brown; wings light brown; legs uniformly dark brown except for trocanther and the very base of femora pale.</p> <p> <i>Head</i>. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres, AR 0.24. Ultimate flagellomere 93 µm long. Temporal setae 4, including 1 inner vertical, 1 outer vertical and 2 postorbitals. Clypeus with 13 setae. Tentorium 100 µm long, 17 µm wide. Stipes 87 µm long, 32 µm wide. Palp segment lengths (in µm): 22, 25, 57, 65, 105. Third palpomere with 1 sensillum clavatum in apical third; 10 µm long.</p> <p> <i>Thorax</i> (Figure 1). Antepronotal lobes slightly projected dorsally. Antepronotals consisting of 3 lateral and 7 dorsal setae. Acrostichals very small and difficult to observe, apparently 4 in mid scutum. Dorsocentrals consisting of 17 lanceolate close to antepronotum, 15 lanceolate in dorsal humeral pit, 18 lanceolate prescutellar setae and 13 simple setae; prealars 7, extending anteriorly; supraalar absent; preepisternum with 4 setae; posterior anepisternum II with 2 setae; epimeron II with 6 setae. Scutellum with 7 setae.</p> <p> <i>Wing</i> (Figure 2). VR 1.42. Costal extension 47 µm long. R with 4 setae, brachiolum with 1 seta, other veins bare. Squama with 2 setae.</p> <p> <i>Legs</i>. Spur of fore tibia 37 µm long, spurs of mid tibia 17 µm and 20 µm long, spurs of hind tibia 40 µm and 17 µm long. Width at apex of fore tibia 27 µm, of mid tibia 27 µm, of hind tibia 35 µm. Comb with 13 setae, longest 37 µm, shortest 15 µm. Tarsomere 4 shorter than 5. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 1.</p> <p> <i>Hypopygium</i> (Figures 3 and 4). Anal point low, broad based, bluntly triangular, covered with microtrichia and with about 12 marginal setae; laterosternite IX with 2 setae. Phallapodeme 67 µm long; transverse sternapodeme 62 µm long. Virga consisting of two spines, 27 µm long. Gonocoxite 110 µm long; inferior volsella of <i>minimus</i> -group type. Gonostylus 72 µm long; crista dorsalis absent; megaseta 15 µm long. HR 1.53; HV 1.81.</p> <p> <b>Female</b> (n = 1). Total length 1.74 mm. Wing length 0.85 mm. Total length/wing length 2.05. Wing length/ length of profemur 2.47.</p> <p> <i>Colouration:</i> As in male.</p> <p> <i>Head</i>. AR 0.36. Flagellomere length/width (in µm): 37/22, 37/22, 42/20, 42/20, 57/25. Temporal setae 4, including 1 inner vertical, 1 outer vertical, and 2 postorbitals. Clypeus with 14 setae. Tentorium 75 µm long, 10 µm wide. Stipes 75 µm long, 30 µm wide. Palp segment lengths (in µm): 20, 22, 60, 62, 62. Third palpal segment with 1 sensillum clavatum in apical third, 12 µm long.</p> <p> <i>Thorax</i> (Figure 5). Antepronotal lobes slightly projected dorsally. Antepronotals consisting of 4 lateral, 3 median, and 10 dorsal setae. Acrostichals 5 in mid scutum. Dorsocentrals consisting of 15 lanceolate close to antepronotum, 14 lanceolate in dorsal humeral pit, 12 lanceolate prescutellar setae and 19 simple setae; prealars 6, extended anteriorly; supraalar 1; preepisternum with 4 setae; posterior anepisternum II with 2 setae; epimeron II with 5 setae. Scutellum with 6 setae.</p> <p> <i>Wing</i> (Figure 6). VR 1.36. Costal extension 80 µm long, with 2 non marginal setae. R with 7 setae, R1 with 3 setae, R4+5 with 12 setae, brachiolum with 1 seta, remaining veins bare. Squama bare.</p> <p> <i>Legs</i>. Spur of fore tibia 25 µm long, spurs of mid tibia 17 µm and 15 µm long, spurs of hind tibia 27 µm and 15 µm long. Width at apex of fore tibia 27 µm, of mid tibia 30 µm, of hind tibia 35 µm. Comb with 11 setae, longest 30 µm, shortest 22 µm. Tarsomere 4 shorter than 5. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 2.</p> <p> <i>Genitalia</i> (Figures 7–10). Gonocoxite IX 60 µm long, with 3 strong and 2 weak setae. Tergite IX undivided, with 20 setae. Cercus 55 µm long. Seminal capsules 50 µm long, neck not observed. Notum 72 µm long.</p> <p> <b>Pupa</b> (n = 1–2). Total length 2.07–2.22 mm. Exuviae transparent.</p> <p> <i>Cephalothorax.</i> Frontal setae (Fig. 15) 67–70 Μm long. Longest median antepronotal 68–92 Μm long. Distance between Dc1 and Dc2 7–8 Μm (Fig. 16), between Dc2 and Dc3 7–8 Μm, between Dc3 and Dc4 55–60 Μm.</p> <p> <i>Abdomen</i> (Figures 17–18). Tergite I bare, T II–VIII with coarse and extensive shagreen, T IX with relative coarse anterior shagreen. Sternite I bare; S II–VIII with fine, sparse median spinules; S IX bare. Number of caudal spines on T II–VIII as: 88–120, 99–103, 109–112, 91–103, 68–86, 61–72, 52–54. Maximum length of caudal spines 47–60 Μm long, slightly shorter on T II–III. Conjunctives II/III–VI/VII with 4–6 rows of spinules. Lengths (in Μm) of L1 to L5 on segment VIII as: 95–105, 100–112, 110–120, 125 (1), 132–149, increasing in size. L4 absent in female. Anal lobe 132–154 Μm long; anal macrosetae 187–207 Μm long. Genital sac of male reaching apex of anal lobe; 40 Μm short of apex of lobe in female.</p> <p> <b>Larva</b> (n = 1). Total length 2.05 mm. Head capsule 0.22 mm long.</p> <p> <i>Head</i>. Antenna as in Figure 11. Length of antennal segments (in Μm): 40, 10, 2, 6, 2. AR = 2.00. Basal antennal segment 13 Μm wide; distance from base to ring organ 15 Μm, to basal mark of seta 17 Μm, to distal mark 20 Μm. Blade 27 Μm long; accessory blade and apical style of second segment not distinguishable; Lauterborn organ 6 Μm long. S1 with branches reduced; median chaetulae laterales apparently smooth. Premandible (Fig. 12) 48 Μm long, with 2 teeth; premandibular brush present. Mandible (Fig. 13) blackish in apical half, 62 Μm long, with four inner teeth; seta subdentalis indistinguishable. Seta interna 6 Μm long. Mentum (Fig. 14) apparently with 12 teeth. Postmentum 132 Μm long.</p> <p> <i>Abdomen</i>. Procercus 25 Μm high, 20 Μm wide, with 6 anal setae, 270 Μm long. Supraanal seta 235 Μm long. Longest body seta 55 Μm long.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and bionomics.</b> The larvae were collected in the Corvo Branco Mountains in southern Brazil, where they were found in the thin water film running down the vertical rock surface in a road cut. Larvae of <i>Podonomus</i> sp. and an undescribed species of Thaumaleidae were also found at the same site.</p>Published as part of <i>Pinho, Luiz Carlos & Andersen, Trond, 2015, Limnophyes guarani sp. n., a new hygropetric Orthocladiinae from southern Brazil (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 137-144 in Zootaxa 3948 (1)</i> on pages 138-143, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3948.1.9, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/238146">http://zenodo.org/record/238146</a>
Polypedilum (Asheum) sofiae Pinho & Silva 2020, sp. n.
No full textPolypedilum (Asheum) sofiae sp. n. (Figure 1) Type examined. Holotype male, slide-mounted: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso, Nova Xavantina, Estrada p/ Rancho Helena—Córrego Voadeira, S14°41.577 W52°27.203, 13.x.2007, armadilha luminosa, Pinho LC, Mateus S, Torati L & Silva FR (UFSC). Paratype: BRAZIL, Rondônia, Cacaulândia, Sítio do Cabeça, S10°17’56.5” W63°14’12.0”, SISBIOTA—CNPq/FAPESP, Malaise 25 15.x–04.xi.2011, Lamas, Nihei & eq. col. (MZSP). Etymology. The specific epithet honors our friend Sofia Wiedenbrug. Diagnostic characters. The male of Polypedilum (Asheum) sofiae sp. n. differs from other Polypedilum (Asheum) species by having few (12–14) orally directed setae on inferior volsella, narrower gonocoxite, longer gonostylus and the non-pediform, with convex outer apical margin, superior volsella. Description. Adult male (n = 1–2). Total length 2.93–3.17 mm. Wing length 1.59–1.78 mm. Total length / wing length 1.78–1.83. Wing length / length of profemur 2.10–2.11. Coloration. Head light brown, palp brown. Thorax light brown with brown pigmentation at posterior area of scutum, postpronotum, postnotum, epimeron II and halter. Legs uniformly light brown. Abdominal tergite I brown, tergites II–VIII light brown with wide (about 0.6 of tergite length) transverse bands. Wings unmarked. Head. Eyes bare, frontal tubercles absent. AR 1.87 (1); ultimate flagellomere 732 (1) μm long. Temporal setae 17 (1). Clypeus with 23–25 setae. Tentorium 98–113 μm long, 29–49 μm wide. Palpomere lengths (in μm): 39–44, 34–39, 123–137, 113–118, 206 (1). Third palpal segment 3 sensilla clavata, longest 15–17 μm. Wing. VR 1.22–1.27. Brachiolum with 1 seta. R with 11–25 setae; R 1 with 13–17, R 4+5 with 24–36 setae, remaining veins bare. Squama with 8–11 setae. Anal lobe weak. Thorax. Scutum with low tubercle. Dorsocentrals 13–20; acrostichals 10–12; prealars 5. Scutellum with 12–16 setae, uniserial. Legs. Scale of foretibia 29–34 μm long, rounded and without spur. Spur of midtibia 54–59 μm long, including 49–54 μm long comb. Spur of hind tibia 64–83 μm long, including 49–64 μm long comb. Width at apex of foretibia 44–49 μm, of midtibia 49–54 μm, of hind tibia 49–59 μm. Lengths (in μm) and proportions of legs as in Table 2. Hypopygium (Figure 1A, B). Tergite IX with 7–10 median setae. Anal tergite band well developed. Laterosternite with 3–4 setae. Anal point 35–42 μm long, slender. Phallapodeme 92–102 μm long, transverse sternapodeme 20–30 μm long. Gonocoxite 169–199 μm long. Superior volsella pediform with apical outer margin convex, 77–80 μm long, basal 2/3 covered with microtrichia and with 4 inner setae. Inferior volsella slender 97–100 μm long, with 1 strong apical seta projecting caudad, and 12–14 orally directed setae. Gonostylus 92–115 μm long. HR 1.74–1.83; HV 2.76–3.18. Female, pupa and larva. Unknown. Distribution. The new species is known from two localities in Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado in the states of Rondônia and Mato Grosso (Fig. 5).Published as part of Pinho, Luiz Carlos & Silva, Fabio Laurindo Da, 2020, Description of two new species of Polypedilum (Asheum) and immature stages of Polypedilum (A.) curticaudatum (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 179-190 in Zootaxa 4759 (2) on pages 181-182, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/373739
Para Você, Filha.
No full textHomenagem ao nascimento de Kiana L. Garcia de Pinho.
27 de setembro de 2005
Claudiotendipes froehlichi Andersen & Mendes & Pinho 2017, new species
No full textClaudiotendipes froehlichi new species http://zoobank.org/ 087B77F5-597F-46B0-A5B9- 0A96804EBC71 Type material: Holotype: BRAZIL, Bahia, Camacan, Serra Bonita, córrego 1, 15°23’28”S, 39°33’56”W, 820 m a.s.l., 31.vii.2008, Malaise trap, AR Calor, L Lecci, LC Pinho, RA Moretto, 1 male with larval and pupal exuviae (reared) (MZUSP). Paratypes: BRAZIL, Bahia, Camacan, Serra Bonita, córrego 3, 15°23’02”S, 39°34’10”W, 805 m a.s.l., 01–04.viii.2008, Malaise trap, AR Calor, L Lecci, LC Pinho, RA Moretto, 2 males (MZUSP); as previous except córrego 2, 15°23’10”S, 39°34’03”W, 819 m a.s.l., 01.viii.2008, hand net, 1 male (MZUFBA); as previous except Barreiras, Rio de Janeiro, Cachoeira Acaba Vida, 11°53’40”S, 45°36’06”W, 722 m a.s.l., 14.x.2008, light trap, AR Calor, RL Mariano, S Mateus, 1 male (MZUFBA). Rio de Janeiro: Teresópolis, P4A-P514, 22°26’51”S, 43°00’48”W, 1453 m a.s.l., E Shimabukuro, 1 male (MZUSP). São Paulo: Ubatuba, Pico do Corcovado, P 1M-C50, 23°27’52”S, 45°11’55”W, 222 m a.s.l., E Shimabukuro, 1 male (MZUSP); Estação Ecológica Boracéia, Salesópolis, Rio Claro, poço Verde, 10.x.2004, light trap, CG Froehlich et al., 3 males (ZMBN); as previous except 18.ix.2002, AS Melo, CG Froehlich, RL Mariano, A. Prather, R Blatnik, 1 male (ZMBN); as previous except córrego Venerando, 12.xii.2001, CG Froehlich et al., 1 male (MZUSP); as previous except Parque Estadual Campos do Jordão, Campos do Jordão, córrego Galharada, 22°41’40”S 45°27’36”W, 757 m a.s.l., 03.x–03.xi.2005, Malaise trap, MR Spies, 1 male (INPA); as previous except 20.viii.2006, light trap, LS Lecci, 1 male (INPA). Santa Catarina: Parque Estadual da Serra Furada, Grão-Pará, 28°11’28”S 49°23’30”W, 508 m a.s.l., #01, 13.x.2012, light trap, LC Pinho, AC Ganzer, LS Gomes, AG Parise, 1 male (UFSC); Urubici, Rio Canoas, 28°01’41”S 49°22’36”W, 1014 m a.s.l., #29, 08.i.2013, light trap, LC Pinho, MC Novaes, MF Haddad, 3 males (UFSC). Etymology: Like the genus name, the specific epithet honors Dr. Claudio G. Froehlich. Diagnostic characters: See key. Description Male (n = 8–10, except when otherwise stated). Total length 2.33–3.05, 2.79 (6) mm. Wing length 1.39–1.99, 1.69 mm. Total length / wing length 1.63–2.05, 1.79 (6). Wing length / length of profemur 1.72–2.02, 1.88. Coloration. All whitish, wings hyaline without markings. Antenna. AR 0.91–1.13, 1.04. Ultimate flagellomere 407–514, 461 µm long. Head (Fig. 3A). Temporal setae 9–13, 12; including 3–4, 4 inner verticals, 2–5, 4 outer verticals, and 3–4, 4 postorbitals. Clypeus with 9–14, 11 setae. Frontal tubercle indicated as paler area to small knob. Tentorium, stipes and cibarial pump as in Figure 3B. Tentorium 115–152, 136 µm long; 29–37, 33 µm wide. Stipes 106–118, 113 µm long; 27(1) µm wide. Palp segment lengths (in µm): 24–30, 27; 26–38, 35; 118–158, 140; 104–148, 128; 159–230, 197. Third palpomere with 2–4, 3 sensilla, longest 13–20, 15 µm long. Thorax (Fig. 3C). Antepronotum with 0–1, 0 seta. Dorsocentrals 9–15, 11; acrostichals 6–13, 10, all decumbent, starting close to antepronotum; prealars 2–3, 2. Scutellum with 5–9, 6 setae, uniserial. Wing (Fig. 3E). VR 1.16–1.24, 1.21. Brachiolum with 1–2, 1 setae; R 15–24, 19; R 1 with 6–11, 9; R 4+5 with 23–36, 31 setae; other veins and cells bare. Squama bare. Legs (Fig. 3D). Scale of fore tibia 6–9, 8 µm long; spur of mid tibia 41–52, 48 µm long; spur of hind tibia 47–66, 54 µm long. Comb on mid tibia 12– 20, 18 µm long; comb on hind tibia 16–27, 22 µm long. Width at apex of fore tibia 49–59, 54 µm; of mid tibia 48–57, 52 µm; of hind tibia 52–64, 58 µm. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 1. Hypopygium (Figs 3F, G). Tergite IX covered with microtrichia, with 3–6, 4 setae to each side of base of anal point; anal tergite bands ending slightly above base of anal point. Laterosternite IX with 0–3, 2 setae. Anal point weakly spatulate, 23–39, 28 µm long, 10–14, 13 µm wide at base, 4–6, 5 µm wide medially, 7–10, 8 µm wide near apex, Transverse sternapodeme 41–61, 53 (7) µm long, nearly straight. Phallapodeme 54–70, 67 (7) µm long. Gonocoxite 91–122, 106 (7) µm long. Superior volsella 38–48, 40 µm long, 11–15, 13 µm wide at base, 3–8, 4 wide at apex, with 2 dorsal and 2 lateral setae. Median volsella with 1–2, 1 setae. Inferior volsella 59–82, 64 µm long, 15–25, 19 µm wide at base, 6–9, 7 µm wide at apex, with 4–5, 5 simple setae, 1–2, 1 stout apical seta on main branch and 3–5, 4 apically split setae on side-branch. Gonostylus 96–120, 105 µm long. HR 0.85–1.13, 1.02 (7). HV 2.91–2.98 (3). Female. Unknown. Pupa (exuviae, n = 1). Total length 3.19 mm. Coloration. Exuviae pale with brownish caudolateral spur. Cephalothorax. Frontal apotome (Fig. 4A) subtriangular, 340 µm long, 296 µm wide. Frontal setae 144 µm long. Thorax (Fig. 4B) 695 µm long. Thoracic horn (Fig. 4C) with 4 branches. Dorsal antepronotal seta hair-like, about 53 μm long; lateral antepronotal hair-like, not measurable. Precorneals close together, hair-like, both about 30 μm long. Dc 1 31 μm long, Dc 2 35 μm long, Dc 3 33 μm long, Dc 4 21 μm long; Dc 1 1 μm in front of Dc 2, Dc 2 117 μm in front of Dc 3, Dc 3 29 μm in front of Dc 4. Wing sheath 1.07 mm long, without nose or pearl row. Abdomen (Fig. 4D). Tergites I and IX bare; tergites II–IV with median field of fine shagreen and anterior band of slightly stronger shagreen, tergite IV with median field barely separated from anterior band; tergite V with continuous median, fine shagreen; tergite VI with widely separated anterior and posterior transverse fields of fine shagreen; tergites VII–VIII with anterolateral patches of fine shagreen. Sternites bare. Hook row on tergite II with 26 caudal hooklets in single, 148 μm wide row. Conjunctive IV/V with about 120 spinules in 4–5 rows. Pedes spurii B well developed posteriorly on segment II; pedes spurii A lacking. Segment VIII caudolateral spur (Fig. 4E) 160 μm long, with 3 strong apical teeth. Abdominal setation. Segment I without L setae, segment II with 2–3 non-taeniate L setae, segments III–IV each with 3 non-taeniate L setae, segments V–VIII each with 4 taeniate LS setae. Dorsal and oral (‘O’) setae apparently present on segments II–VII, segments I and VIII apparently each with single pair of dorsal setae. Anal lobe. Fringe with 18 taeniae. Male genital sac overreaches anal lobe by 76 μm. Larva (cast skin, n = 1). Total length not measurable. Head capsule 340 µm long. Postmentum 115 µm long. Coloration. Head capsule yellowish brown with postoccipital margin, teeth of mandible and lateral teeth of mentum darker brown. Head. Antenna as in Figure 5B. Antenna with 6 segments; AR 1.06; length of antennal segments (in µm): 113, 35, 37, 8, 17, 10; blade 73 µm long; Lauterborn organs about 8 µm long; ring organ 58 µm from base in first segment. Pecten epipharyngis (Fig. 5C) consisting of single plate with 12 teeth; 17 µm wide. Premandible (Fig. 5D) 81 µm long. Mandible (Fig. 5E) 94 µm long with pale dorsal tooth and 3 inner teeth. Seta subdentalis well developed; seta interna with 2 main branches. Mentum (Fig. 5A) 83 µm wide, with 8 pairs of mental teeth; median pair short, pale yellowish brown; first lateral about twice as long, pale yellowish brown; second lateral about equally long, darker brown; third lateral about three times as long as median, darker brown; 4–7 lateral pairs gradually shorter, darker brown. Ventromental plate (Fig. 5A) curved, 66 µm wide, distance between plates 35 µm. Abdomen. Procercus with 12 anal setae. Posterior parapods each with 13 claws. Distribution and ecology This species is apparently widely distributed along the Atlantic rainforest in Brazil, ranging from 220 m to over 1450 m altitude between latitudes 11° and 28°S. The larva was collected in leaf debris in a first order stream which flows through a forested area in Serra Bonita, Bahia State. Similar conditions occur at other localities where adults were collected in light or Malaise traps.Published as part of Andersen, Trond, Mendes, Humberto Fonseca & Pinho, Luiz Carlos, 2017, TWO NEW NEOTROPICAL CHIRONOMINAE GENERA (DIPTERA: CHIRONOMIDAE) Abstract, pp. 26-54 in CHIRONOMUS Journal of Chironomidae Research 30 (30) on pages 33-37, DOI: 10.5324/cjcr.v0i30.2029, http://zenodo.org/record/798726
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Zavreliella levis Reiss 1990
No full textZavreliella levis Reiss, 1990 Examined material. BRAZIL: 2 males, Mato Grosso, Ribeirão Cascalheira, Rio Bonito, 12° 52.590S 51° 53.096W, light trap, 12.x.2007, coll. Pinho, L. C., Mateus, S., Torati, L. & Silva, F. R. (MZUSP). 2 males, Mato Grosso, Ribeirão Cascalheira, Rio Suia-Missu, Campina Verde Farm, 12°48’34.79”S 52°06’55.18”W, light trap, 10.x.2007, coll. Pinho, L. C., Mateus, S., Torati, S, Silva, F. R. (MZUSP). Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas, Mato Grosso and Pará).Published as part of Fusari, Lívia Maria, Pinho, Luiz Carlos & Lamas, Carlos José Einicker, 2017, New species and records of Zavreliella Kieffer, 1920 from Neotropical region (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 486-490 in Zootaxa 4221 (4) on page 489, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4221.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/25249
Governo digital e perspectivas de transparência pública - enfoque na linguagem cidadã
No full textPinho, M. e Gouveia, L. (2021). Governo digital e perspectivas de transparência pública. Seminário Doutoramento em Ciência da Informação, especialidade Sistemas, Tecnologias e Gestão da Informação (SITEGI). 9 de Julho. Universidade Fernando Pessoa. Porto.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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