1,721,038 research outputs found
Non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve.
No full textSurgical damage to the inferior laryngeal nerve is one of the most feared complications of thyroid surgery. Prevention of surgical injuries requires systematic, early exposure of the inferior laryngeal nerve. A detailed knowledge of anatomical variations is necessary. Non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve is a rare anomaly on the right side and is exceptional on the left. Whereas the typical course of the inferior laryngeal nerve is due to the embryological development of the aortic arch and supra-aortic vessels, non-recurrence is associated with a vascular anomaly such as a right retro-oesophageal subclavian artery. The nervous anomaly on the left side is possible only with the occurrence of cardiac dextroposition (situs viscerum inversus) and a left retro-oesophageal subclavian artery. The situation is more dangerous when a non-recurrent branch of the inferior laryngeal nerve is associated with a recurrent branch. This anomaly does not appear to be associated with a vascular anomaly in all cases. The authors describe three cases of right non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve observed and one recent case of combined non-recurrent and recurrent nerve, highlighting the anatomical and surgical features of this anomaly
Landscape and the city. Agro-forest systems, land fragmentation and the ecological network in Rome, Italy
No full textThis study investigates changes over time (2006–2012) in the composition of agro-forest landscape mosaics in Rome, Italy, and discusses landscape dynamics in light of ecological networks’ design and management. A multi-temporal analysis of land-use dynamics allows an empirical test of the hypothesis that urban expansion has a non-negligible role in degradation and loss of natural and agricultural land under environmental constraints. Recent urban expansion in different components of Rome's ecological network (REP) negatively affected frequency and size of natural and semi-natural habitats. Empirical results pointed out that establishing a statutory REP in Rome, has partially contained metropolitan expansion in natural areas, while cropland were still converted to urban settlements in a relatively high rate. Implications of such dynamics for policies preserving agro-environmental connectivity are discussed in light of a more ‘holistic’ strategy of land fragmentation containment
Neutral pH and cold temperatures stabilize the protective effect of crude pili S. flexneri on the ileal mucosa of mice
Full text linkBackground: Alternative therapies are being sought as a result of the rising concerns with inadequate and untrustworthy medical treatments for Shigella flexneri. The current study aimed to assess the preventive and therapeutic effects of crude pili S. flexneri on of neutral pH and cold temperature against Shigella flexneri infection in immunocompetent mice.
Methods:Twenty male Swiss albino mice were randomly assigned to one of two groups: control or experimental groups. Each group was subsequently separated into four equal subgroups. In order to infect the mice, 4 weeks before infection, the experimental subgroups were given crude pili S. flexneri orally in every week (three times) until the completion of the research. After following the treatment of crude pili S. flexneri, all group infected with Shigella flexneri. The small intestines of mice were processed and analyzed for the presence of the pathological lesions. Jejunal portions were measured. The findings revealed that vaccinated mice had a statistically significant increase in the quantity of health mucose as compared to non-infected group in ileal sections. Crude pili S. flexneri was administered to the intestinal portions of all subgroups before or after the infection, and the architecture was found to be more or less normal.
Conclusion: Our data indicate that crude pili S. flexneri in neutral pH and cold temperature is a useful preventative and a potentially effective treatment medication for S. flexneri infectio
Preparazione pre-operatoria con acido Iopanoico in tre pazienti con tireotossicosi da M. di Basedow: nostra esperienza.
No full text
Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Report of three cases
No full textHypokaliemic thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (HTPP) is an uncommon complication of hypothyroidism. Mostly described among Asian patients, it is rare in the other ethnic groups, in particular in caucasians people. Among the possible mechanisms, modification of potassic flows in relation to anomalies of the sodium-potassium pump were evoked.
PATIENTS AND METHOD:
We present the cases of three caucasians patients operated on for HTPP. These patients had all previous history of several paretic episodes. The flask paralytic attacks occurred in a brutal way or were preceded by diffuse myalgias. They reached the proximal muscles, especially in inferior limbs. No patient had any respiratory complications. These three patients underwent total thyroidectomy to treat the symptoms of HTPP.
RESULTS:
In the three cases, a total thyroidectomy allowed the recovery of the symptoms. After a four years average period of post-operative follow-up, no patient presented any repetition of HTPP. The hyperthyroidism is the cause of decompensation of the molecular anomaly.
CONCLUSION:
In our opinion, surgical treatment (total thyroidectomy) is needed in order to reduce the potential gravity of this pathology
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