87,735 research outputs found
Danno Pubblico ed efficienza dell'amministrazione
No full textIl volume raccoglie le relazioni e gli interventi, riveduti ed aggiornati, svolti nell'ambito del Convegno organizzato dalla SP.I.S.A. il 10 maggio 2016 in collaborazione con la Procura Regionale presso la Sezione Giurisdizionale della Corte dei conti per l'Emilia-Romagna. L'efficienza, da mero criterio economico alla luce del quale registrare occasionalmente situazioni virtuose, è assurta nel tempo a vero e proprio principio giuridico alla cui stregua valutare, in relazione al principio di legalità, la legittimità dell'azione amministrativa e le funzionalità delle strutture pubbliche
Parascon nichollsae Pilato & Lisi, 2004, n. sp.
No full textParascon nichollsae n. sp. (Fig. 2. A –D) Description of the holotype: Body length 220.0 µm, colorless, cuticle smooth without pores, eye spots absent. Buccopharyngeal apparatus of Parascon type (Fig. 2 A); buccal tube rigid without ventral lamina, pharyngeal tube rigid without spiral thickening; apophyses for the insertion of the stylet muscles shaped like flat ridges; their caudal processes (very thin and pointing laterally in the genus) not visible due to the orientation of the specimen. No cuticular droplike thickening present between buccal and pharyngeal tube. Stylet furcae very small, with very short branches, not swollen. Stylet supports present. Total length of the buccopharyngeal tube 20.8 µm; buccal tube 15.5 µm long (pbf = 74.5) and 1.5 µm wide (pt = 9.7). Pharyngeal bulb without apophyses and placoids (Fig. 2 A, C). Claws of Hypsibius type (Fig. 2 C); main branches with thin accessory points. On all legs the external claws have, as the other species of genera Parascon, Itaquascon and Astatumen, a slightly forked base. Due to the orientation, we were able to measure only the external claws of the first pair of legs (12.7 µm long: pt = 81.9), the external claws of the second pair of legs (13.4 µm long: pt = 86.5), and the internal claws of the second pair of legs (5.7 µm: pt = 36.8). Lunules and other cuticular thickenings on the legs absent. Differential diagnosis: Up to now only one species of genus Parascon is known: Parascon schusteri Pilato & Binda 1987 (Fig. 2 B) from Tanzania. The new species differs from it in the following features: shorter pharyngeal tube length in relation to the total length of the buccopharyngeal tube (see Fig. 2 and the values of the pbf index in table 1), shorter claws with lower values of the pt index (table 1). Bertolani, R. (1984) Tardigradi muscicoli delle dune costiere italiane, con descrizione di una nuova specie. Atti Società Toscana Scienze Naturali, Memorie, S. B, XC, 139–148. Binda, M. G. & Pilato, G. (1969) Tardigradi muscicoli dell’isola di Ustica (Sicilia), con descrizione di due specie nuove. Bollettino Accademia Gioenia Scienze naturali, Catania, S. IV, X, 2, 171 – 180. Binda, M. G., Pilato, G. & Dastych, H. (1980) Descrizione di una nuova specie di eutardigrado: Doryphoribius macrodon. Animalia, 7, 23– 27. Marcus, E. (1928) Bärthierchen (Tardigrada). In: Dahl, F., Die Tierwelt Detschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile. Jena, 12, IV, 1–230. Moon, S. Y., Kim, W. & Bertolani, R. (1994) Doryphoribius koreanus, a new species of Tardigrada from Korea. Proceedings Biological Society Washington, 170 (3), 514–516. Morgan, C. I. & Nicholls, C. A. (1986) Apodibius serventyi sp. nov., a new clawless waterbear (Invertebrata: Tardigrada) from Western Australia. Journal Royal Society Western Australia, 69, I, 14. Pilato, G. (1981) Analisi di nuovi caratteri nello studio degli Eutardigradi. Animalia, 8, 51– 57. Pilato, G. & Binda, M. G. (1987) Parascon schusteri n. gen. n. sp. (Eutardigrada Hypsibiidae, Itaquasconinae). Animalia, 14, 91– 97. Pilato, G., Binda, M. G. & Claxton, S. (2002) Itaquascon unguiculum and Itaquascon cambewarrense: two new species of eutardigrades from Australia. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 29, 87– 93.Published as part of Pilato, Giovanni & Lisi, Oscar, 2004, Doryphoribius neglectus sp. n. and Parascon nichollsae sp. n., new species of eutardigrades from Australia, pp. 1-7 in Zootaxa 545 on pages 4-7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15754
Sapere la verità senza capirla. Il PIlato di Durrenmatt
No full textrivisitazioni di Pilato nel Novecento, miti e derisin
Isohypsibius kristenseni Pilato, Catanzaro & Binda 1989
No full text100. Isohypsibius kristenseni Pilato, Catanzaro & Binda, 1989 [F/T] Isohypsibius kRistenseni Pilato, Catanzaro & Binda 1989 (Pilato et al. 1991) Terra typica: Italy (Europe) Mozambique: • 23°52′S, 35°23′E; 0 m asl: Inhambene Province, Inhambene, soil. Pilato et al. (1991) Record numbers. Mozambique: 1; total: 1. Remarks. Only been recorded from Italy and Mozambique.Published as part of Kaczmarek, Łukasz, 2017, Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part IV: Africa, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 4284 (1) on page 37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4284.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/101040
Dactylobiotus caldarellai Pilato & Binda 1994
No full text216. Dactylobiotus caldarellai Pilato & Binda, 1994 [F] Dactylobiotus caldarellai n. sp. (Binda & Pilato 1994) Terra typica: Chile (South America) Chile: • 53 °08′S, 705 ° 4 ′W; 0 m asl: Type Locality: Region XII Magallanes (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), Punta Arenas. Pilato & Binda (1994) • 53 ° 53 ′S, 68 ° 54 ′W; 100 m asl: Region XII Magallanes (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), Rio Grande. Pilato & Binda (1994) Record numbers: Chile: 2; total: 2. Remarks: Currently endemic to Chile; it is possible some other South American Dactylobiotus records relate to this species.Published as part of Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Michalczyk, Łukasz & Mcinnes, Sandra J., 2015, Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America, pp. 1-107 in Zootaxa 3923 (1) on page 89, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3923.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/24193
La giustizia contabile. Dal regolamento di procedura al nuovo codice
No full textLa raccolta e la concentrazione in un unico testo, assurto a vero e proprio codice (di cui al d. lgs. 26 agosto 2016, n. 174), delle disposizioni normative riguardanti le varie tipologie di giudizi che si svolgano innanzi alla Corte dei conti, anche nell'ottica della semplificazione, assume un fondamentale valore simbolico. In tal modo, dopo una lunga attesa, è stata conferita al processo contabile la stessa dignità formale degli altri rami dell'ordinamento processuale, dotando i relativi giudizi in un insieme di principi e di regole inseriti in un contesto organico e certo. Ma, come sempre accade nelle opere di codificazione e, a maggior ragione, nelle materie nelle quali la complessità si stratifica con il decorso del tempo, l'esegesi giuridica ha fatto emergere molteplici fattori di problematicità. I contributi raccolti nel volume si propongono di agevolare una prima lettura critica dell'articolato normativo e consentono d'individuare le aree tematiche nelle quali insorgono le questioni più rilevanti nella duplice direzione della valutazione di adeguatezza del nuovo codice in relazione ai principi del giusto processo, e di congruità e proporzionalità nell'ottica della tutela dell'integrità della finanza pubblica e dell'efficienza amministrativa
Calohypsibiidae Pilato 1969
No full textTAXONOMIC ACCOUNT OF THE CALOHYPSIBIIDAE SENSU STRICTO Superfamily HYPSIBIOIDEA Pilato, 1969 (emended by Bertolani et al. 2014a) Family CALOHYPSIBIIDAE Pilato, 1969 (emended by Bertolani et al. 2014a) EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. — Very small eutardigrades (typically below 150 μm) with elliptical organs on the head. Dorsum covered with irregular, multangular protuberances, and sometimes also with spines (Figs 3 C, D; 4; 5 E, F). Claws miniaturised, but not reduced, of the Calohypsibius - type, i.e. asymmetrical with respect to the sequence of primary and secondary branches (2-1-2-1), but similar in their size, with bases as large as the sum of the primary and secondary branch widths, but devoid of sutures. Pseudolunulae absent. Accessory points symmetrical (Figs 11 E; 12 C, D). Six peribuccal papulae present (Fig. 6 B). AISM asymmetrical with respect to the frontal plane, with the dorsal apophysis subdivided in two portions of different shape (Fig. 9 B). Stylet furcae of the Hypsibius - type (Fig. 10 B). Pharyngeal apophyses smaller than the tiny granular macroplacoids. Smooth eggs laid in exuviae. COMPOSITION. — A monotypic family, comprising the genus Calohypsibius.Published as part of Gąsiorek, Piotr, Morek, Witold, Stec, Daniel, Blagden, Brian & Michalczyk, Łukasz, 2019, Revisiting Calohypsibiidae and Microhypsibiidae: Fractonotus Pilato, 1998 and its phylogenetic position within Isohypsibiidae (Eutardigrada: Parachela), pp. 71-89 in Zoosystema 41 (6) on page 83, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2019v41a6, http://zenodo.org/record/371852
Macrobiotus insularis Pilato, 2006, sp. n.
No full text<i>Macrobiotus insularis</i> sp. n. (Fig. 2 A–D) <p> <i>Type locality.</i> The Andaman Islands, Cinque Island.</p> <p> <i>Material examined</i>. Holotype (slide no. 3414), one paratype and two eggs.</p> <p> <i>Species diagnosis.</i> Cuticle smooth with circular and elliptical pores; eye spots present; buccal armature with an almost invisible posterior band of teeth and three dorsal and three ventral transversal ridges; pharyngeal bulb with apophyses, two macroplacoids and a small microplacoid; claws of <i>hufelandi</i> type, short, with a common tract slightly longer than the secondary branch; main branch with accessory points; smooth lunules present, eggs freely laid with conical processes (13–14 around the circumference, about 35 in the hemisphere) with slightly visible annulations; egg shell dotted and with a reticular design with hexagonal meshes.</p> <p> <i>Description of the holotype</i>. Body length 280 µm, colourless, eye spots present, cuticle smooth and, diversely from the statement of Maucci & Durante Pasa (1980), with circular and elliptic pores present on both dorsal and ventral body surface and on the legs; circular pores diameter up 0.9 µm, elliptical pores dimensions up to 1.8 µm x 1.2 µm. Dots on the legs seem to be absent. Mouth terminal with ten peribuccal lamellae; an almost invisible band of very small teeth is present in the posterior portion of the buccal cavity where also three dorsal and three ventral thin transversal ridges are present. Buccal tube 38.8 µm long (Fig. 2 A) and 5.2 µm wide (<i>pt</i> = 13.4); ventral lamina longer than double the length of the stylet sheaths (24.0 µm, <i>pt</i> = 61.9). Stylet supports inserted on the buccal tube wall at 73.4 % of its length (<i>pt</i> = 73.4). Pharyngeal bulb (Fig. 2 A) with apophyses, two rod­shaped macroplacoids and a small microplacoid. First macroplacoid, with a central narrowing, 8.1µm long (<i>pt</i> = 20.9), second 5.3 µm (<i>pt</i> = 13.7), microplacoid 1.8 µm (<i>pt</i> = 4.6); entire placoid row 16.3µm long (<i>pt</i> = 42.0), macroplacoid row 14.3 µm (<i>pt</i> = 38.9).</p> <p> Claws, of <i>hufelandi</i> type, short but not weak (Fig. 2 A, B), with the common tract slightly longer than the secondary branch; internal and external claws of the second and third pairs of legs 8.7 µm (<i>pt</i> = 22.4) and 9.1µm (<i>pt</i> = 23.4) long respectively; anterior and posterior claws of the hind legs 9.7 µm (<i>pt</i> = 25.0) and 10.9 µm (<i>pt</i> = 28.1) long respectively. Main branches with accessory point not particularly small; small, complete, smooth lunules present. Two cuticular thickenings are present near the lunules on the first three pairs of legs (Fig. 2 A,B).</p> <p>The paratypes is similar to the holotype both in qualitative and metric characters.</p> <p>Eggs, freely laid, spherical, with conical processes (Fig. 2 C, D). Diameter 78.7 µm excluding the processes, 94.0 µm including these structures; 13–14 processes are present around the circumference, 35 in the hemisphere. Processes conical with slightly visible annulations, 7.3–8.8 µm high; basal diameter 10.9–13.2 µm; egg shell dotted and with stripes joined to form hexagonal polygons round the processes (Fig. 2 D).</p> <p> <i>Etymology</i>. The name <i>insularis</i> refers to the fact that the type locality is an archipelago.</p> <p> <i>Remarks</i>. <i>Macrobiotus insularis</i> <b>sp. n.</b> differs from <i>M. mandalaae</i> in the following features: cuticular dots on the legs not visible (in <i>M. mandalaae</i> they are present on the legs IV); slightly wider buccal tube (Table 1); longer buccal tube (Table 1) (due to this character, some structures, e.g. placoids and claws that are slightly longer, have slightly lower values of the <i>pt</i> index); and in many characters of the eggs (Fig. 2 C, D and 1D–F; Table 2): markedly larger dimensions; larger processes; processes less numerous (13–14 around the circumference and 35 in the hemisphere in <i>M. insularis</i> <b>sp. n</b>., 24–26 around the circumference and 70–75 in the hemisphere of <i>M. mandalaae</i>); basal diameter longer than the height of egg processes in <i>M. insularis</i>, about the same length in <i>M. mandalaae</i>; egg shell with well visible dots.</p> <p> <i>polyopus mandalaae insularis ocotensis</i></p> <p>Diameter without processes? 45.0 78.7 63.0</p> <p>Diameter with processes 65.0 55.0 94.0 79.9</p> <p>Processes around the circumference 18 * 24–26 13–14 25</p> <p>Processes in the hemisphere 39 * 70–75 35 100</p> <p>Processes height? 3.4–4.7 7.3–8.8 4.7–6.0</p> <p>Basal diameter of the processes? 3.2–4.5 10.9–13.2 4.9–6.0</p> <p>Meshes of the egg shell? smooth dotted smooth</p> <p>*from the drawing of Marcus (1928).</p> <p> The presence of cuticular pores in <i>M. mandalaae</i>, neglected in the description of the species (Pilato, 1974), was pointed out in a following paper (Pilato, 1984); they are circular and elliptical, present on both dorsal and ventral body surface and on the legs; circular pores diameter up to 1.0 µm, elliptical pores dimensions up to 1.7 m x 0.9 µm.</p> <p> The new species differs from <i>M. polyopus</i> in the following features: ventral lamina longer; microplacoid present; claws not so weak, with a common portion longer than the secondary branch; and some characters of the eggs (Table 2): larger diameter (94 µm including processes in <i>M. insularis</i> <b>sp. n</b>., 65 µm in <i>M. polyopus</i>); processes without longitudinal ribs, with slightly visible annulations; egg shell dotted (Marcus, 1928, did not specify whether dots are present or not in <i>M. polyopus</i>; in the drawing they are absent).</p> <p> <i>Macrobiotus insularis</i> <b>sp. n</b>. is reported only from the Andaman Islands.</p>Published as part of <i>Pilato, Giovanni, 2006, Remarks on the Macrobiotus polyopus group, with the description of two new species (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae), pp. 37-47 in Zootaxa 1298</i> on pages 40-43, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/273538">10.5281/zenodo.273538</a>
Fractonotus Pilato 1998
No full textGenus Fractonotus Pilato, 1998 Fractonotus Pilato, 1998: 132. AMENDED DIAGNOSIS. — Small isohypsibiid (rarely exceeding 200 μm, Fig. 1). Cephalic elliptical organs present (Fig. 7 A). Dorsum and limbs covered with densely arranged, blunt protuberances. Six peribuccal lobes present (Fig. 6 A). Apophyses for the insertion of stylet muscles (AISM) asymmetrical with respect to the frontal plane – the dorsal apophysis subdivided into two portions: the anterior portion in the shape of a slightly convex longitudinal thickening (and the posterior portion as weakly developed blunt hook); the ventral apophysis in the shape of a mild and long ridge (Fig. 9 A). Very large pharyngeal apophyses and placoids in the muscle pharynx. Stylet furcae of the Fractonotus - type, i.e. with broad, trapezoid base, thin arms and rounded apices (Figs 8 D, 10 A). Claws of the modified Isohypsibius - type, with triangular bases and strongly curved claw branches (Fig. 12 A, B). Accessory points symmetrical or occasionally asymmetrical. Smooth eggs laid in exuviae. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS. — Fractonotus shares pronounced cuticular sculpturing with some species of six other parachelan genera: Calohypsibius Thulin, 1928, some Ramazzottius Binda & Pilato, 1986, Hypsibius Ehrenberg, 1848, Pilatobius Bertolani, Guidetti, Marchioro, Altiero, Rebecchi, Cesari, 2014, Doryphoribius Pilato, 1969 and Isohypsibius Thulin, 1928, but it can be readily distinguished from these genera by the morphology of the stylet furcae (square/trapezoid in Fractonotus vs narrower and more rectangular in the latter genera; compare Figs 7 B, D; 10 A-C). Furthermore, Fractonotus differs from Ramazzottius, Hypsibius and Pilatobius by having Isohypsibius -like claws (claws of the latter genera are of the Hypsibius or of the modified Hypsibius- type). Moreover, the genus differs specifically from: – Calohypsibius Thulin, 1928 (Hypsibioidea: Calohypsibiidae), by having a different type of cuticular sculpture (roundish or oval tubercles covering the entire dorsum and limbs with smooth dorsal pebble-shaped plaques in Fractonotus, Fig. 5 A-D vs multangular or star-like tubercles and occasional spines arranged less densely in Calohypsibius, Fig. 5 E, F), different structures surrounding the mouth opening (six soft and large peribuccal lobes in Fractonotus, Fig. 6 A vs six small well defined papulae in Calohypsibius, Fig. 6 B), a reversed morphology of the dorsal apophysis for the insertion of stylet muscles (an anterior thickening and a tiny posterior hook in Fractonotus, Fig. 7 E-G vs an anterior large blunt hook and a slight posterior thickening in Calohypsibius, Fig. 9 A, B), and by claw morphology (modified Isohypsibius - type claws with pseudolunulae, triangular bases, and elongated, strongly curved branches with conspicuous accessory points in Fractonotus, Figs 11 A-D; 12 A, B vs very small, rigid, with the base width equal to the sum of the primary and secondary branch widths, with the vertical septum between the two branches, and without pseudolunulae in Calohypsibius, Figs 11 E; 12 C, D). – Doryphoribius Pilato, 1969 (Isohypsibioidea: Isohypsibiidae), by the presence of elliptical organs on the head (absent in Doryphoribius), and by the absence of the ventral lamina on the buccal tube (ventral lamina present in Doryphoribius). – Isohypsibius Thulin, 1928 (Isohypsibioidea: Isohypsibiidae), by the presence of elliptical organs on the head (absent in Isohypsibius), a different shape of AISM (asymmetrical with respect to the frontal plane in Fractonotus, Fig. 7 E vs ridges symmetrical with respect to the frontal plane Isohypsibius, Figs 7 H, I; 9 A, C), and by the claw morphology (modified Isohypsibius - type claws with triangular bases, especially well-marked on the fourth pair of legs, in Fractonotus vs Isohypsibius - type claws with stalk-like bases in Isohypsibius, Figs 11 H, I; 12 E, F). COMPOSITION AND REMARKS Currently only three species, Fractonotus caelatus (the nominal taxon), F. verrucosus n. comb. and F. gilvus n. comb., are assigned to the genus. The three species are placed in the single genus because they share a number of taxonomically important traits: AISM shape, the presence of elliptical cephalic organs, two granular macroplacoids in the pharynx, and the type of cuticular sculpturing. On the other hand, Pilato (1998) described the claws of F. caelatus as of the Microhypsibius type, whereas claws in F. verrucosus n. comb. and F. gilvus n. comb. are closer to Isohypsibius type claws. Therefore, given the differences in claw morphology, there is a possibility that F. verrucosus n. comb. and F. gilvus n. comb. belong to a new isohypsibioid genus, and are only delusively similar to Fractonotus due to convergent evolution in the remaining traits. Nevertheless, the majority of traits suggest that all three species should be placed in Fractonotus. Biserov (1986) misinterpreted the AISM of F.gilvus n. comb. (Fig. 3 therein) as Isohypsibius - type AISM, but our observations of the type material confirm that the species has the AISM of the Fractonotus - type. However, there are more Isohypsibius and Hypsibius species, that exhibit cuticular sculpturing similar to that of Fractonotus. Thus, they may in fact belong to Fractonotus rather than Isohypsibius or Hypsibius. Nevertheless, we refrained from enacting more transfers, as a careful examination of individuals is needed to confirm whether these species, in addition to cuticular sculpturing, also exhibit other characteristics of Fractonotus.Published as part of Gąsiorek, Piotr, Morek, Witold, Stec, Daniel, Blagden, Brian & Michalczyk, Łukasz, 2019, Revisiting Calohypsibiidae and Microhypsibiidae: Fractonotus Pilato, 1998 and its phylogenetic position within Isohypsibiidae (Eutardigrada: Parachela), pp. 71-89 in Zoosystema 41 (6) on page 76, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2019v41a6, http://zenodo.org/record/371852
- …
