170,175 research outputs found
From grammar to theology: history of a word. Διαστολή and related terms in Origen and in the origenian tradition, in: Origeniana Decima. Atti del Colloquium Origenianum Decimum su “Origene e la tradizione alessandrina” [Cracovia, 31 agosto – 4 settembre 2009], a c. di H. PIETRAS – A. DZIADOWIEC, [in corso di stampa presso Peeters (Bibliotheca Ephemeridum Theologicarum Lovaniensium), Leuven]
No full textThrough a bird’s-eye view of the use of the terms διαστολή/ἀντιδιαστολή, it seems quite clear that the passage of this word from the semantic domain of grammar and philology to that one of theological debates – as shown by the later texts quoted – can be considered beyond any doubt as another step of Origen’s Wirkungsgeschichte
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
A 0.12mm<sup>2</sup> Wien-Bridge Temperature Sensor with 0.1°C (3σ) Inaccuracy from -40°C to 180°C
No full text Resistor-based temperature sensors can achieve much higher resolution and energy efficiency than conventional BJT-based sensors [1], but they typically occupy more area (> 0.25 mm 2 ) and have lower operating temperatures (le 125 {circ} {C}) [2]-[4]. This work describes a 0.12mm 2 resistor-based sensor that uses a Wien-bridge (WB) filter to achieve 0.1 {circ} {C} (3 sigma) inaccuracy from - 40 {circ} {C} to 180 {circ} {C}. Compared to a state-of-the-art WB sensor [4], it occupies 6 × less area and achieves comparable relative accuracy over a 76% wider operating range. Session 10.3 Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
A ±25A Versatile Shunt-Based Current Sensor with 10kHz Bandwidth and ±0.25% Gain Error from -40°C to 85°C Using 2-Current Calibration
No full textAccurate current sensing is critical in many industrial applications, such as battery management and motor control. Precise shunt-based current sensors have been reported with gain errors of less than 1% over the industrial temperature range (-40°C to 85°C) [1]–[4]. However, since they are intended for coulomb counting, their bandwidth is limited to a few tens of Hz, making them unsuitable for battery impedance or motor-current sensing. This paper presents a current sensor with a wide (10kHz) bandwidth and a tunable temperature compensation scheme (TCS), which allows it to be flexibly used with different types of shunts while maintaining high accuracy. A low-cost room-temperature calibration scheme is proposed to optimize gain flatness over temperature by exploiting the shunt's self-heating at large currents. Over the industrial temperature range and a ±25A current range, it achieves state-of-the-art gain error (±0.25%) with both low-cost PCB and stable metal-alloy shunts.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
An Article About Albertus C. Van Raalte, Author Unknown, Except for Parts Taken from an Article by Anna C. Post
No full textAn article about Albertus C. Van Raalte, author unknown, except for parts taken from an article by Anna C. Post. The author knew first generation persons in the Holland settlement and therefore, the article has some value.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1890s/1012/thumbnail.jp
Interaction and regulation of asthma susceptibility genes
No full textAsthma is a disorder characterized by symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness or coughing. It is a chronic inflammation in the airways and the inflammation is usually accompanied by limitations in airflow as a result of hyper-secretion of mucus and broncho-constriction. Asthma commonly coincides with other allergic diseases such as allergic sensitization and rhinoconjunctivitis. The prevalence of asthma and allergy in children is highest in affluent countries with up to 20% in English speaking countries. Asthma and allergic disease are complex disorders and have long been known to be influenced by both heritable components and environmental factors.The overall aim with this thesis was to investigate asthma susceptibility genes and their genetic role, biological dependency, as well as how they interact in a context-dependent manner, either with other genes (I) or with environmental factors (II). We studied the functional difference between splice variants of a previously identified asthma susceptibility gene showing unique expression patterns in asthmatic patients (III). We also aimed to define global gene expression patterns in asthmatic children that could reveal novel insight about characteristics of severe therapy-resistant asthma in children (IV).In study I, we examined the biologically linked asthma susceptibility gene Tenascin C (TNC) and its genetic role in asthma and allergy. We also investigated the biological and genetic interactions between TNC and the previously genetically identified asthma susceptibility gene Neuropeptide S receptor 1 (NPSR1).In study II, we investigated the interactive effects of NPSR1 and environmental exposures related to farming lifestyle, as well as the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a proxy for farm animal exposure, on NPSR1 expression. We provide data showing that TNC has an independent genetic role in certain allergic diseases. We show biological interplay by a dose-dependent upregulation of TNC expression upon NPS-NPSR1 activation, and we conclude that interaction occurs between TNC and NPSR1altering the outcome of asthma and allergy. Genetic variations in NPSR1 are not only dependent on other genes, but can also modify the effect of the environment, on the development of allergic diseases. Farm animal contact and farm milk consumption, introduced early in a child’s life, has been proven to show protective effects against development of allergic diseases.In study II, we demonstrate that the protective effect of farm animal contact can be further modified depending on genetic variations in NPSR1, especially if the contact is initiated later in life. We also identified increased NPSR1 expression upon LPS stimulation of human monocytes. From these two studies we can confirm that interactive effects, both biological and genetic, are important in the development of asthma and allergy. We could also see that the genetic dependency is most likely to occur when the main effect of the individual genes, or environmental factors, investigated are not that dominant.In study III, we investigated the function of NPSR1 in more detail. The NPSR1 gene encodes two functional receptor variants (A and B) with distinct intracellular C-termini. Previous studies have illustrated different expression pattern, especially in asthmatic airways, between the two receptor variants. We could in study III demonstrate that, upon activation, both receptor variants A and B signals through the same pathways and induces expression of in principal identical set of genes. However, with few exceptions, variant A constantly induced stronger signaling effects than variant B. The effect was seen on both second messenger level and on down-stream gene expression. These findings suggest an isoform specific link to NPSR1s role in allergic airways. Among children with asthma around 5% suffer from chronic symptoms and/or severe exacerbation despite extensive treatment. The causes of this severe, therapy resistant asthma in childhood are poorly understood.In study IV we aimed to investigate global differences in gene expression in white blood cells from patients with severe, therapy-resistant asthma (SA, n=20), patients with controlled but persistent asthma (CA, n=20) and a group of healthy controls (Ctrl, n=19). We identified 1378 genes to be significantly differentially expressed between any of the contrasts (CA-Ctrl, SA-CA, SA-Ctrl) demonstrating that there are differences in gene expression between groups of asthma. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis identified three significantly differentially expressed pathways; bitter taste transduction, (upregulated mostly in SA), natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity (upregulated in CA) and N-glycan biosynthesis (downregulated in SA). The bitter taste receptor family (TAS2Rs) has recently been shown to play a protective role in asthmatic airways e.g. by dilation of airways upon stimulation with bitter substances. Our finding is the first to propose a role for TAS2Rs in asthma outside the airway system.In conclusion our data indicates a separation in gene expression patterns between children with severe, therapy resistant asthma and controlled asthma, and suggests pathways revealing novel insight about the characteristics of severe therapy-resistant asthma. From the finding in this thesis we can conclude and confirm that there is always a complex interplay between several genes and environmental factors altering the outcome of allergic disease. It is important to investigate these genes in more detail to unravel the functional mode of action. We can also see that by investigating clear defined subgroups of asthma it might be possible to identify new therapeutic targets for asthma.List of scientific papersI. Christina Orsmark Pietras, Erik Melén, Johanna Vendelin, Sara Bruce, Annika Laitinen, Lauri A. Laitinen, Roger Launer, Josef Riedler, Erika von Mutius, Gert Doekes, Magnus Wickman, Marianne van Hage, Göran Pershagen, Annika Scheynius, Fredrik Nyberg, Juha Kere and the PARSIFAL Genetics Study Group. Biological and genetic interaction between Tenascin C and Neuropeptide S receptor 1 in allergic diseases. Human Molecular Genetics. 2008; 17: 1673-1682. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddn058 II. Sara Bruce, Fredrik Nyberg, Erik Melén, Anna James, Ville Pulkkinen, Christina Orsmark Pietras, Anna Bergström, Barbro Dahlén, Magnus Wickman, Erika von Mutius, Gert Doekes, Roger Launer, Josef Riedler, Waltraud Eder, Marianne van Hage, Göran Pershagen, Annika Scheynius, Juha Kere. The protective effect of farm animal exposure on childhood allergy is modified by NPSR1 polymorphisms. Journal of Medical Genetics. 2009; 46: 159-167. https://doi.org/10.1136/jmg.2007.055137 III. Christina Orsmark Pietras, Johanna Vendelin, Francesca Anedda, Sara Bruce, Mikael Adner, Lilli Sundman, Ville Pulkkinen, Harri Alenius, Mauro D’Amato, Cilla Söderhäll, Juha Kere. The asthma candidate gene NPSR1 mediates isoform specific downstream signaling. [Submitted]IV. Christina Orsmark Pietras, Jon Konradsen, Björn Nordlund, Cilla Söderhäll, Christophe Pedroletti, Gunilla Hedlin, Juha Kere, Erik Melén. Genome wide transcriptome analysis suggests novel mechanisms in severe childhood asthma. [Manuscript]</p
Archivist, Archaeologist, Author and the Tactile Window
No full textThe idea that the predominant way of engaging with architecture is through vision is not uncommon but also not always the most appropriate given that buildings are also experienced through tactile interventions. This consequence that emphasises visual aesthetics in order to appreciate and understand architecture probably has much to do with the assumed but rather vaguely defined role of the architect as designer in the practice of architectural design. A resulting misapprehension is that architects designing for visual appreciation think that they are actually designing physical space for embodied tactile engagement.
This prioritisation of vision in the way architects think about and approach design is questioned through the design project of the Tactile Window in which the position of the architect is redefined through inhabiting the roles of archivist, archaeologist and author during the design process.
A 16th century portrait of Queen Elizabeth I known as the Ditchley portrait, currently on display at the National Portrait Gallery is used as the source from which the design of the Tactile Window is derived from and refers back to. Questioning the validity of vision as the sole means of engaging with the work, information about the portrait and working methods gathered from the three carefully chosen positions mentioned above are drawn on and applied to the making of this Tactile Window that becomes an alternative Ditchley portrait. Through exploring the hidden historical and current narratives of and in the existing portrait, the presence of the portrait is alluded to on an alternative physical site. Key to this are the working methods of an invented archival system of design reasoning, the unearthing of archaeological texts and assuming of authorship within the individual frameworks of the roles of archivist, archaeologist and author.
The redefined role of the architect as archaeologist takes onboard the unearthing of associated drawings and writings as well as the methods of organising and applying the recovered information to the system set up by the archivist. This analysis of the graphic and text based information is used to formulate historical narratives that are woven into the design project. Whereas traditional archaeology stresses on the study of a site from a site with quantifiable limits to the physical context, the notion of archaeological sites in this instance refers to the places where the stored information is unearthed. Through the careful process of archiving and analysing this information, a new site that is located within both the physical and historical contexts of interest is discovered. The author then draws upon the elements in the archival system that includes the findings of the archaeologist to construct the alternative Ditchley portrait in this new site of the Echoing Cedar, the result of which bears no visual resemblance to the existing work.
The Tactile Window is a reading of the Ditchley portrait in which information about and in the painting is transformed into a design proposal for an inhabited structure. The intended method of interaction with this alternative portrait is not merely restricted to vision but relies on engagement with the other senses. This experience is enhanced by the interplay with certain site conditions such as wind and rain in order to allude to specific aspects of the Ditchley portrait that are not visually apparent in the existing work.
In the processes of excavating, finding and revealing the hidden information to create this alternative portrait, the effects of the visuals afforded by the existing portrait inadvertently begin to fade as the validity of a single means of visual expression is questioned
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