1,721,143 research outputs found
Advances in Bone Metastasis Management
No full textWhen we were asked to edit an eBook on ‘Advances in Bone Metastasis Management’, we accepted enthusiastically for several reasons. First of all, the idea of an eBook that could be easily available to the readers and disseminate the newer concepts on the subject was appealing; second, the possibility of gathering several excellent authors dealing with the different aspects and concepts on metastatic disease to the skeleton and its treatment sounded exciting to us. But perhaps the most intriguing factor was that of having a really multidisciplinary team approach to the issues of metastatic diseases and its multidisciplinary treatment.
This book certainly does not have the presumption of completeness, rather the aim of offering an update on the newer concepts and treatments of the very frequent problem of bone metastases. It was felt that concise chapters providing both summarized information and updated references on the different aspects of metastasization, medical treatment, radiotherapy, surgical treatments and the newer palliative options could be useful to the readers in our modern era, where sometimes it is not easy to find time to read complete major textbooks.
We certainly hope that this book can meet the needs of our readers
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Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: A Review of the Literature
No full textPrimary and recurrent giant cell tumor of bone is typically benign; however, rarely giant cell tumor of bone can undergo malignant transformation. Malignancy in giant cell tumor of bone may be primary (adjacent to benign giant cell tumor of bone at first diagnosis) or secondary (at the site of previously treated giant cell tumor of bone). Malignant giant cell tumor of bone has a poor prognosis; it is important to distinguish malignant from benign lesions to facilitate appropriate management. The true incidence of malignant giant cell tumor of bone is not known, probably owing to inaccurate diagnosis and inconsistent nomenclature. We have analyzed current data to provide a robust estimate of the incidence of malignancy in giant cell tumor of bone
Telangiectatic osteosarcoma: a review of 87 cases
No full textPurposes: Telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TOS) is a rare subtype of osteosarcoma. We
analysed 1) oncologic outcome in a large homogeneous series; 2) the role of
prognostic factors on prognosis, local recurrence and metastasis.
Methods: Eighty-seven patients (47 males, 54%) were retrospectively analyzed. All
except 4 had extracompartmental disease and ten patients had lung metastasis at
diagnosis. Pathologic fracture was present in 27 cases (31%). Seventy-eight patients
were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, nine had surgery as first treatment. Limb
salvage surgery was performed in 71 cases, amputation in 14, rotationplasty in one.
One patient died before surgery. Possible prognostic factors were statistically
evaluated.
Results: Overall survival was 60.7% at 10 years of followup. Fifty-one patients were
disease-free (58.6%), 2 were alive with disease (2.3%), 31 died with disease (35.6%)
and 3 died of other causes (3.4%). Ten local recurrences were observed (11%).
Twenty-five patients (29%) developed lung (22) or bone (3) metastases. No statistical
difference was found considering age, metastases at diagnosis, gender, pathologic
fracture, tumor volume, compartmental status, number of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy
agents and treatment. Induced necrosis was significant at both univariate and
multivariate analysis (p<0.0001).
Conclusions: TOS does not have a poor prognosis as previously reported in literature,
with a survival of about 60% at ten years. Most of patients can be cured with
neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus surgery (limb sparing surgery is possible and safe).
Tumor response to chemotherapy as induced necrosis was the only significant
prognostic factors on survival, even if small tumor volume at diagnosis correlates with
better prognosis at univariate analysis
Targeting ROCK2 rather than ROCK1 inhibits Ewing sarcoma malignancy
Full text linkUnderstanding the molecular processes characterizing Ewing sarcoma (EWS) cell migration is crucial to highlight novel therapies for patients with disseminated disease. In this study we analyzed the role of ROCK kinases in the regulation of cell migration, growth and differentiation of EWS cells. Overexpression of ROCK promotes invasion and metastasis in many solid tumors. However, the effect of ROCK in EWS has not been extensively investigated. Expression of ROCK1 and ROCK2 was analyzed by western blotting in a representative panel of human EWS cell lines, in comparison with the parameters of in vitro malignancy. We investigated the effects of a ROCK2 specific inhibitor toward those of a pan-ROCK inhibitor on the growth, migration and differentiation of two EWS cell lines. ROCK2 but not ROCK1 expression was found to be associated with in vitro cell migration and anchorage-independent growth capabilities. Exposure of EWS cells to ROCK inhibitors significantly reduced migration and growth, while favoring morphology changes and neural differentiation. These effects were more striking when cells were specifically deprived of ROCK2 activity. Our findings lead to consider ROCK2, rather than ROCK1, as a possible molecular target for the treatment of EWS
Spontaneous healing of an osteochondroma fracture.
No full textOsteochondroma is the most common benign tumor of bone, usually asymptomatic. Fracture of an osteochondroma is a rare complication and has been recognized as a cause of pain. Treatment of this fracture is controversial and some authors suggest fracture as an indication for surgical excision. We present a case of fractured osteochondroma that healed without complication
Vascular bone tumors: A proposal of a classification based on clinicopathological, radiographic and genetic features
No full textThe classification of vascular bone tumors remains challenging, with considerable morphological overlap spanning across benign to malignant categories. The vast majority of both benign and malignant vascular tumors are readily diagnosed based on their characteristic histological features, such as the formation of vascular spaces and the expression of endothelial markers. However, some vascular tumors have atypical histological features, such as a solid growth pattern, epithelioid change, or spindle cell morphology, which complicates their diagnosis. Pathologically, these tumors are remarkably similar, which makes differentiating them from each other very difficult. For this rare subset of vascular bone tumors, there remains considerable controversy with regard to the terminology and the classification that should be used. Moreover, one of the most confusing issues related to vascular bone tumors is the myriad of names that are used to describe them. Because the clinical behavior and, consequently, treatment and prognosis of vascular bone tumors can vary significantly, it is important to effectively and accurately distinguish them from each other. Upon review of the nomenclature and the characteristic clinicopathological, radiographic and genetic features of vascular bone tumors, we propose a classification scheme that includes hemangioma, hemangioendothelioma, angiosarcoma, and their epithelioid variants. © ISS 2012
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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