1,721,154 research outputs found
Le due leggi fondamentali del capitalismo: da Marx e Sraffa, Harrod e i post-keynesiani a Piketty
No full textPiketty’s explanation for the tendency towards greater inequality in the capitalist distribution of income and its growth is based on the “two fundamental laws of capitalism”.
The “first fundamental law” is largely the same as well-known relationships developed by Karl Marx and Piero Sraffa. On the one hand, Piketty’s relationship between capital and income corresponds to Sraffa’s maximum rate of profit in the “Standard system”. On the other hand, both Marx and Piketty focus on periods of a growing ratio of capital to income.
A growing ratio of capital to income is caused by a rate of profit higher than the growth rate of the economic system. However, this is a sufficient condition for the ratio to grow only in what here is called a “pure classical model”. In models characterized by a less strong class division of the economy, the ‘Cambridge equation’ applies.
The “second fundamental law” is equivalent to Harrod’s warranted growth rate. The second law must be developed in connection with the Cambridge post-Kenesyan models, to avoid a paradoxical reduction in inequality, when the analysis is based on average rates of profit and savings.
The different capacity to earn profits and save of capitalists and workers must be developed, in order to show that the capitalist economy is characterized by substantial inequality in the distribution of income. Piketty’s explanation of the raise of inequalities needs a precise definition of the economic power of the different social classes
When small-sized and non-innovating firms meet a crisis: evidences from the Italian labor market
Full text linkThe Italian jobs crisis consists of a high percentage of non-working labour force, matched with a high percentage of discouraged, long-term unemployed and inactive population. Not only a sharp deregulation of the job market is groundless, but even a hypothetic return to expansionary fiscal policy would be insufficient in order to solve such structural problems. Starting from the literature dealing with the “Italian decline”, this article demonstrates that the current problems of the Italian labour market are strictly connected to both (post-crisis) fiscal adjustment and pre-existing features of the industrial branc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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