1,721,070 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Animal models: A useful tool to unveil metabolic changes in hepatocellular carcinoma
Full text linkHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one the most frequent and lethal human cancers. At present, no effective treatment for advanced HCC exist; therefore, the overall prognosis for HCC patients remains dismal. In recent years, a better knowledge of the signaling pathways involved in the regulation of HCC development and progression, has led to the identification of novel potential targets for therapeutic strategies. However, the obtained benefits from current therapeutic options are disappointing. Altered cancer metabolism has become a topic of renewed interest in the last decades, and it has been included among the core hallmarks of cancer. In the light of growing evidence for metabolic reprogramming in cancer, a wide number of experimental animal models have been exploited to study metabolic changes characterizing HCC development and progression and to further expand our knowledge of this tumor. In the present review, we discuss several rodent models of hepatocarcinogenesis, that contributed to elucidate the metabolic profile of HCC and the implications of these changes in modulating the aggressiveness of neoplastic cells. We also highlight the apparently contrasting results stemming from different animal models. Finally, we analyze whether these observations could be exploited to improve current therapeutic strategies for HCC
Depression in the elderly: results from Passi d'Argento surveillance, Italy
No full textBackground
Population ageing requires targeted responses to specific problems like depression. Passi d’Argento (Silver Steps - PDA) is a national system aimed to follow over time health conditions and monitor preventive health measures of over64 aged people to support policy making notably at regional level. We reported specifically PDA data about depression and the main associated factors, because of its high and arising prevalence in the elderly population.
Methods
Between 2012 and 2013, a random sample of 24,129 over64 people in 19 Italian Regions were interviewed by telephone or face-to-face through a standardized questionnaire. Symptoms of depressions were assessed following the PHQ2 (Patient Health Questionnaire 2). A weighted logistic regression analysis was conducted by considering as eligible only variables whose p value in the univariate analysis was lower than 0.20. The model was built using a backward procedure based on the log-likelihood ratio test (p < 0.05).
Results
Out of 17,723 eligible interviews, 3,707 people (21,3%) referred depression symptoms. A positive association with depression was found for women (OR 2.18, CI 95%: 2.01-2.35), age over74 (OR 1.5, CI 95%: 1.47-1.70), low education level (OR 1.71, CI 95%: 1.58-1.84), low economic conditions (OR 5.22 CI 95%: 4.69-5.81), social isolation (OR 2,62, CI 95%: 2,39-2,88), diabetes (OR 1.59, CI 95%: 1.46-1.73), disability (OR 6.41 CI 95%: 5.7-7.22), feeling unsafe in the borough (OR 1.82 CI 95%: 1.65-2.02), presence of 3 or more chronic diseases (OR 4.51, CI 95%: 3.99-5.10). We found no association for urinary and fecal incontinence, hearing, vision and dental problems, marital status, smoking, nationality, physical activity level.
Conclusion
Surveillance allowed health professionals and decision makers to assess the extensions of depression in over 64 aged population and it is a promising approach to establish a risk profile to select people more likely to be depressed for targeting interventions
Active aging and elderly's quality of life: Comparing the impact on literature of projects funded by the European Union and USA
Full text linkBackground: The objective of this research is to verify whether European projects on Active Aging (AA) and Elderly Quality of Life (Qol) funded by the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) produce an impact on literature similar to projects funded by the National Health Institute (NHI) of the United States on international literature using well-known bibliometric indicators. This effort may be useful in developing standardized and replicable procedures. Methods: Fifteen randomly selected projects on AA and Elderly Qol concluded in August 2017 and funded by FP7 were compared to similar projects funded by the US NHI with reference to papers published (Scopus and Scholar), papers published in Q1 journals, and the number of citations of the papers linked to the projects. Results: In all the indicators considered, the European projects showed no difference with the US NHI projects. Conclusions: The EU-funded AA and Qol Elderly projects have an impact on scientific literature comparable to projects funded in the United States by the NHI Agency. Our results are consistent with the data on general medical research, which indicates that, European research remains at a high level of competitiveness. In this experimental study, our methodology appeared to be convincing and reliable and it could be applied to the extent of the impact of more extensive research areas. Our research did not evaluate the relationship between funding required by research and scientific productivity
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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