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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Human immunodeficiency virus-related risk behavior among Italian psychiatric inpatients
No full textThis study evaluated at-risk behavior for HIV infection among Italian psychiatric inpatients. One hundred patients with mental disorders consecutively admitted to an acute psychiatric unit over a one-year period were studied using a self-report questionnaire. 53.1% of the patients reported sex with multiple partners, 35.4% with occasional partners, 57% had sex with prostitutes, 6.7% with IV drug users. Forty-three percent had never used condoms during sexual intercourse; 23% had used drugs intravenously; 20% had shared needles. Only one-third of the patients were tested for HIV, and 2 tested seropositive (prevalence 5.8%). Most patients (62%) reported no concern about the risk of HIV infection. The rate of HIV risk behaviors was higher among psychiatric patients than a control group of 90 healthy people. These findings indicate an alarming rate of HIV risk behavior among Italian psychiatric inpatients and the need for closer attention to HIV assessment and education in mental health settings
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Systemic and topical effects of intradermal hydrofluoric acid
No full textA 35-year-old man attempted suicide by subcutaneous self-administration of hydrofluoric acid (5 cc of a domestic rust removal solution containing 7% hydrofluoric acid). A burn 9 x 7 cm in diameter immediately appeared at the injection site (left forearm and fold of the elbow). In the emergency department, the burn was copiously washed with isotonic solution and treated with cutaneous and subcutaneous injections of magnesium chloride, 10% solution of calcium gluconate, and 2% xilo-cain, then continuously maintained under topical treatment with calcium gluconate. Seven hours after injection, the patient was severely hypocalcemic (Ca++ 0.64 mmol/L), Ten hours after injection, in addition to the persistent hypocalcemia (Ca++ 0.81 mmol/L), hyponatremia (123 mmol/d), hypokalemia (3.4 mmol/L), and hypochloremia (95.6 mmol/L) had developed. The hypocalcemia was corrected with infusion of calcium gluconate (8.92 mEq of Ca++ as total amount). The patient underwent surgical intervention 7 days after admission, followed by several interventions of plastic surgery. Copyright (C) 1998 by W.B. Saunders Company
Knowledge about HIV transmission and prevention among Italian patients with psychiatric disorders
No full textFor a study designed to examine the accuracy of information about HIV transmission, risk behavior, and preventive measures among individuals with psychiatric disorders in Italy, 214 psychiatric patients - 114 outpatients and 100 inpatients - and 88 nonpsychiatric patients completed the AIDS Risk Behavior Knowledge Test. Levels of knowledge were lower among psychiatric patients than among control subjects. Patients with chronic illness and a diagnosis of schizophrenia were found to have less knowledge than other patients about HIV transmission. These findings confirm the need for HIV-related educational and behavior-modification programs for patients with chronic and severe mental illness in the community in Italy
Characteristics of violent behaviour in acute psychiatric in-patients: a 5-year Italian study
No full textOBJECTIVE: In order to examine prospectively the characteristics of violence among psychiatric patients, a 5-year study was carried out in an acute psychiatric unit. METHOD: All assaultive behaviour occurred in the ward during the study period were assessed routinely using the Staff Observation Aggression scale (SOAS). RESULTS: Of 1534 patients admitted to the unit during the study period, 116 were responsible for 329 aggressive episodes (prevalence of violence=7.5%, 2.8 incidents/patient). Most violent patients had an ICD-9 diagnosis of schizophrenia and/or delusional syndromes (55.1%), a history of violence (80.7%) and previous psychiatric admissions (92%). Approximately half of the incidents had no specific cause, occurred during daytime and the first week of admission and, in most cases, were directed towards individuals (77.8%). CONCLUSION: Although confirming the low rate of violence among Italian psychiatric in-patients, the study indicates the need for more attention to the problem of aggression in general hospital psychiatric units
HIV-risk behaviour and knowledge about HIV/AIDS among patients with schizophrenia
No full textBACKGROUND. Recent literature have demonstrated that psychiatric patients, particularly those with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, may be at high risk for HIV infection. In fact, HIV risk behaviour, such as intravenous drug with sharing needles, promiscuity associated with unprotected sex and high-risk sexual activity after using drugs has been reported by a substantial proportion of mentally ill patients. METHODS. In order to examine this problem in Italy, HIV-risk taking behaviour and knowledge about HIV/AIDS was investigated among 91 schizophrenic patients by using two self-report questionnaires (HIV-Risk Behaviour Questionnaire; AIDS Risk Behavior Knowledge Test). RESULTS. One-third of the patients reported having been tested for HIV infection and one tested seropositive (prevalence 3.4%). A high proportion of patients reported HIV-risk behaviour, such as injected drugs use (22.4%) and engaging in high risk sexual activity (e.g. multiple partners, 58%; prostitutes, 45%; occasional partners, 37%). Condoms were ‘never used’ by 41% of the patients and ‘almost never used’ by another 25%. In spite of these behaviours, 65% reported no concern of HIV infection. Knowledge about AIDS was lower among psychiatric patients than a healthy control group. Patients with long-lasting illness and numerous psychiatric admissions were less acknowledgeable about HIV infection. Certain misconceptions on HIV transmission were related to HIV risk behaviour. CONCLUSIONS. These results indicate the urgent need for HIV educational programs within mental health community-care settings
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